Oracle 11gR2用gpnp profile存放ASM的spfile路徑

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Oracle 11gR2用gpnp profile存放ASM的spfile路徑

從Oracle 11gR2開始,GI整合了ASM,OCR/VOTEDISK也存放在ASM磁碟組了(11gR2以前需要存放於裸裝置中),同時ASM的功能較10g也有很大增強。

我們先引入一個問題:
11gR2中,OCR/VOTEDISK存放在ASM磁碟組,這也就意味著在GI能夠啟動的前提是能夠順利啟動ASM執行個體並且能夠將相應磁碟組MOUNT起來;而ASM的spfile卻放在ASM磁碟組裡,這也同樣意味著要先啟動ASM執行個體並且能讀到參數檔案。那如何解決這個問題呢? 11gR2中引入了pgnp profile,用於存放ASM參數檔案路徑,這允許oracle在ASM執行個體啟動以前讀到參數檔案。


11gR2的RAC環境中,ASM的參數檔案存放於ASM磁碟組裡面.ASM執行個體啟動時候,尋找參數檔案的順序如下,直接找到為止:
1. Grid Plug and Play (GPnP) profile
2. spfile+ASM<node_number>.ora
3. init+ASM<node_number>.ora

請注意: 以上紅色字型部分!!!

因此,11gR2中可以沒有pfile,可以將ASM參數儲存在gpnp profile中,在管理上省下了很多工作.

11gR2RAC環境中,ASM的參數檔案支援備份(spbackup),拷貝(spcopy),移動(spmove),查詢gpnp profile(spget),設定(spset)等操作
特別需要注意一點,ASM的參數檔案最好放在ASM磁組裡,同時確保每個叢集成員的gpnp都為同一個路徑

 

以簡單例子說明,如何將ASM的spfile重新儲存至ASM磁碟組

=============================================

準備環境

ASMCMD> ls -l
Type              Redund  Striped  Time            Sys  Name
ASMPARAMETERFILE  UNPROT  COARSE  DEC 14 15:00:00  Y    REGISTRY.253.866303695
                                                    N    spfileasm.ora => +OCR_VOTE/rac-cluster/ASMPARAMETERFILE/REGISTRY.253.866303695 ----注意這裡是連結
ASMCMD> pwd   
+OCR_VOTE/rac-cluster/ASMPARAMETERFILE
ASMCMD> spcopy +OCR_VOTE/rac-cluster/ASMPARAMETERFILE/REGISTRY.253.866303695 +OCR_VOTE/rac-cluster/ASMPARAMETERFILE/spcopy.ora
ORA-15056: additional error message
ORA-17502: ksfdcre:4 Failed to create file +OCR_VOTE/rac-cluster/ASMPARAMETERFILE/spcopy.ora
ORA-15268: internal Oracle file +OCR_VOTE.253.1 already exists.
ORA-06512: at line 7 (DBD ERROR: OCIStmtExecute)
ASMCMD> spget
/home/grid/registry.253.839197161  --當前gpnp profile配置。該spfile是用spcopy命令產生的
ASMCMD> spmove REGISTRY.253.866303695 old_ora.bak  ---刪除預設的SPFILE將導致路徑缺失
ASMCMD> ls -l
ASMCMD-8002: entry 'ASMPARAMETERFILE' does not exist in directory '+OCR_VOTE/rac-cluster/'

執行個體環境就緒,以下是解決辦法:


ASMCMD> spget
/home/grid/registry.253.839197161
ASMCMD> spcopy /home/grid/registry.253.839197161 +OCR_VOTE/rac-cluster/ASMPARAMETERFILE/registry.ora  --將本地磁碟上的spfile複製至ASM磁碟
ASMCMD> ls -l
Type              Redund  Striped  Time            Sys  Name
ASMPARAMETERFILE  UNPROT  COARSE  DEC 14 19:00:00  Y    REGISTRY.253.866316081
                                                    N    registry.ora => +OCR_VOTE/rac-cluster/ASMPARAMETERFILE/REGISTRY.253.866316081 --注意這裡是連結!!!!

ASMCMD> spset +OCR_VOTE/rac-cluster/ASMPARAMETERFILE/REGISTRY.253.866316081  --更新gpnp profile至連結
ASMCMD> spget
+OCR_VOTE/rac-cluster/ASMPARAMETERFILE/REGISTRY.253.866316081

重啟執行個體生效...


ASMCMD> shutdown --abort
ASM instance shutdown
Connected to an idle instance.
ASMCMD>
ASMCMD>
ASMCMD> startup
ASM instance started

Total System Global Area 1135747072 bytes
Fixed Size      2260728 bytes
Variable Size  1108320520 bytes
ASM Cache    25165824 bytes
ASM diskgroups mounted
ASM diskgroups volume enabled
ASMCMD> lsdg
State    Type    Rebal  Sector  Block      AU  Total_MB  Free_MB  Req_mir_free_MB  Usable_file_MB  Offline_disks  Voting_files  Name
MOUNTED  EXTERN  N        512  4096  1048576      4094      926                0            926              0            N  DATA/
MOUNTED  EXTERN  N        512  4096  4194304      2032    1592                0            1592              0            Y  OCR_VOTE/
ASMCMD> spget
+OCR_VOTE/rac-cluster/ASMPARAMETERFILE/REGISTRY.253.866316081

SQL> show parameter spfile;

NAME        TYPE
------------------------------------ ----------------------
VALUE
------------------------------
spfile        string
+OCR_VOTE/rac-cluster/asmparameterfile/registry.253.866316081  --證實是通過gpnp profile裡spfile啟動執行個體

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