oracle中ADHU(ASM Disk Header Utility)—asm disk header備份恢複工具

adhu（ASM Disk Header Utility）作為oracle asm中和kfed,amdu齊名的asm三大恢複神器之一,沒有被oracle大力推廣(屬於內部工具),隨著kfed功能增強和asm disk header自動備份功能的完善,adhu oracle基本上停止的開發支援,可以用來作為10.2.0.5之前asm版本的磁碟頭保護工具
adhu預覽
這裡可以通過shell封裝的utildhu調用adhu程式,實現更加人性化和自動化操作,它含有install,check,repair三個命令參數.
[root@xff1 tmp]# su - grid
xff1:/home/grid> cd /tmp/adhu/
xff1:/tmp/adhu> ls -l
total 68
-rwxr-xr-x 1 grid oinstall 18902 Nov  1  2008 adhu
-rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall  1970 Nov  1  2008 README
-rwxr-xr-x 1 grid oinstall  6964 Mar 21 16:20 utildhu
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root     12634 Mar 21 16:05 utildhu.zip
xff1:/tmp/adhu> ./utildhu
Usage: utildhu install/check/repair [device name]
 
$utildhu install
Will gather a list of member ASM disks and create
the backup directory  ./HeaderBackup
The ./HeaderBackup directory will contain the
backup header of every asm disk in this database
 
$utildhu  check
Will run /tmp/adhu/adhu for every disk discovered by
$utildhu install and will email recipients configured
in RECIPIENTS if there are errors in the disk header
 
It is hoped that the user will enter valid RECIPIENT
email addresses, and will place this utility in $ORA_ASM_HOME
 
$utildhu  repair <device name>
Will repair the device provided using the backup
header blocks that have been copied previously.
This does assume that you have backup header blocks
in ./HeaderBackup
 
Sample crontab entry to run a check every 5 minutes
#Minute (0-59)  Hour (0-23)  Day of Month (1-31) 
Month (1-12 or Jan-Dec)  Day of Week (0-6 or Sun-Sat)  Command
0,5,10,15,20,25,30,35,40,45,50,55 * * * * *  utildhu check
 
Please read the README for more information
adhu install
install主要是實現utildhu.config設定檔產生和第一次asm 磁碟頭備份
xff1:/tmp/adhu> ./utildhu install
xff1:/tmp/adhu> ls -l
total 64
-rwxr-xr-x 1 grid oinstall 18902 Nov  1  2008 adhu
drwxr-xr-x 2 grid oinstall  4096 Mar 21 16:23 HeaderBackup
-rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall  1117 Mar 21 16:23 persistent-log.utildhu
-rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall  1970 Nov  1  2008 README
-rwxr-xr-x 1 grid oinstall  6964 Mar 21 16:20 utildhu
-rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall   243 Mar 21 16:23 utildhu.config
-rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall   710 Mar 21 16:23 utildhu.out
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root     12634 Mar 21 16:05 utildhu.zip
xff1:/tmp/adhu> cd HeaderBackup/
xff1:/tmp/adhu/HeaderBackup> ls -ltr
total 12
-rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall 4096 Mar 21 16:23 oradata1p1
-rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall 4096 Mar 21 16:23 oradata2p1
-rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall 4096 Mar 21 16:23 ocrvotep1
xff1:/tmp/adhu/HeaderBackup> more ../utildhu.config
/dev/mapper/oradata1p1                                                        
/dev/mapper/oradata2p1                                                        
/dev/mapper/ocrvotep1                                                         
xff1:/tmp/adhu>  more ../persistent-log.utildhu
Mon Mar 21 16:23:29 CST 2016
ASM Disk Header Check Utility Installed on
Devices configured are:
/dev/mapper/oradata1p1                                                        
/dev/mapper/oradata2p1                                                        
/dev/mapper/ocrvotep1                                                         
ADHU: /dev/mapper/oradata1p1: Status 0x01 Mon Mar 21 16:23:29 2016
ADHU: /dev/mapper/oradata1p1: Diskgroup:DATA Disk:DATA_0000 #0
ADHU: /dev/mapper/oradata1p1: valid disk header found
ADHU: /dev/mapper/oradata1p1: backup block updated
 
###ADHU check run at Mon Mar 21 16:23:29 CST 2016  NO ERRORS FOUND
 
xff1:/tmp/adhu> ls -l HeaderBackup/
total 16
-rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall 4096 Mar 21 23:04 ocrvotep1
-rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall 4096 Mar 21 23:08 oradata1p1
-rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall 4096 Mar 21 23:08 oradata1p1.corrupt
-rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall 4096 Mar 21 23:04 oradata2p1
adhu check
對於正常的asm disk,主要是為了產生新的磁碟頭備份
xff1:/tmp/adhu> ls -l HeaderBackup/
total 16
-rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall 4096 Mar 21 23:04 ocrvotep1
-rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall 4096 Mar 21 23:08 oradata1p1
-rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall 4096 Mar 21 23:08 oradata1p1.corrupt
-rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall 4096 Mar 21 23:04 oradata2p1
xff1:/tmp/adhu> ./utildhu check
xff1:/tmp/adhu> ls -l HeaderBackup/
total 16
-rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall 4096 Mar 21 23:11 ocrvotep1
-rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall 4096 Mar 21 23:11 oradata1p1
-rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall 4096 Mar 21 23:08 oradata1p1.corrupt
-rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall 4096 Mar 21 23:11 oradata2p1
adhu repair
repair主要是修複磁碟頭,當asm 磁碟頭損壞之時,可以通過這個命令實現磁碟頭修複
xff1:/tmp/adhu> dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/mapper/oradata1p1 bs=4096 count=1
1+0 records in
1+0 records out
4096 bytes (4.1 kB) copied, 0.000282838 s, 14.5 MB/s
xff1:/tmp/adhu> ./utildhu check
xff1:/tmp/adhu> tail -f persistent-log.utildhu
 
###ADHU check run at Mon Mar 21 23:04:04 CST 2016  ERRORS FOUND
ADHU: /dev/mapper/oradata1p1: Status 0x08 Mon Mar 21 23:04:04 2016
ADHU: /dev/mapper/oradata1p1: Diskgroup:DATA Disk:DATA_0000 #0
ADHU: /dev/mapper/oradata1p1: corrupt disk header encountered
ADHU: /dev/mapper/oradata1p1: valid backup block found
ADHU: /dev/mapper/oradata1p1: CORRUPT HEADER NOT REPAIRED
 
xff1:/tmp/adhu> kfed read /dev/mapper/oradata1p1
kfbh.endian:                          0 ; 0x000: 0x00
kfbh.hard:                            0 ; 0x001: 0x00
kfbh.type:                            0 ; 0x002: KFBTYP_INVALID
kfbh.datfmt:                          0 ; 0x003: 0x00
kfbh.block.blk:                       0 ; 0x004: blk=0
kfbh.block.obj:                       0 ; 0x008: file=0
kfbh.check:                           0 ; 0x00c: 0x00000000
kfbh.fcn.base:                        0 ; 0x010: 0x00000000
kfbh.fcn.wrap:                        0 ; 0x014: 0x00000000
kfbh.spare1:                          0 ; 0x018: 0x00000000
kfbh.spare2:                          0 ; 0x01c: 0x00000000
7F6BD9981400 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000  [................]
  Repeat 255 times
KFED-00322: Invalid content encountered during block traversal: [kfbtTraverseBlock][Invalid OSM block type][][0]
 
xff1:/tmp/adhu> sqlplus / as sysasm
 
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Mon Mar 21 23:07:25 2016
 
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
 
 
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Real Application Clusters and Automatic Storage Management options
 
SQL> alter diskgroup data dismount;
alter diskgroup data dismount
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-15032: not all alterations performed
ORA-15027: active use of diskgroup "DATA" precludes its dismount
 
 
SQL> alter diskgroup data mount;
alter diskgroup data mount
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-15032: not all alterations performed
ORA-15017: diskgroup "DATA" cannot be mounted
ORA-15013: diskgroup "DATA" is already mounted
 
 
SQL>  alter diskgroup data dismount force;
 
Diskgroup altered.
 
SQL> alter diskgroup data mount;
alter diskgroup data mount
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-15032: not all alterations performed
ORA-15017: diskgroup "DATA" cannot be mounted
ORA-15040: diskgroup is incomplete
 
 
xff1:/tmp/adhu> ./utildhu repair /dev/mapper/oradata1p1
DEVICE  /dev/mapper/oradata1p1 REPAIRED AT  Mon Mar 21 23:06:06 CST 2016
ADHU: /dev/mapper/oradata1p1: Status 0x04 Mon Mar 21 23:06:06 2016
ADHU: /dev/mapper/oradata1p1: Diskgroup:DATA Disk:DATA_0000 #0
ADHU: /dev/mapper/oradata1p1: corrupt disk header encountered
ADHU: /dev/mapper/oradata1p1: valid backup block found
ADHU: /dev/mapper/oradata1p1: disk header repaired
 
xff1:/tmp/adhu> sqlplus / as sysasm
 
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Mon Mar 21 23:08:48 2016
 
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
 
 
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Real Application Clusters and Automatic Storage Management options
 
SQL> alter diskgroup data mount;
 
Diskgroup altered.
adhu直接使用
adhu [-dir dirname ] [-repair] [-quiet] [-readonly] [-syslog mask ] devname
預設情況下adhu將disk header備份為目前的目錄下的備份檔案。 使用-dir選項可以指定存放的目錄。
當需要使用adhu去修複一個損壞的asm disk header時使用-repair 選項。
-quiet 選項將過濾所有正常的輸出資訊，若執行成功則不列印任何輸出。
-readonly選項 以唯讀方式來開啟disk device，這樣備份block將不被寫入，而備份檔案將在可能的情況下寫入。
-syslog選項控制是否寫出結果到系統日誌和標準輸出。
devname代表為asm disk的裝置檔案，asm頭的備份檔案將以該device name為基礎，並存放在目前的目錄或者-dir指定的目錄。

原文來自：http://www.xifenfei.com/2016/04/adhu-asm-disk-header-utility.html