Oracle FGA細粒度審計

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  如果你想要審計表上，在某個時間，哪些人，操作哪些DML語句，用FGA是個不錯的選擇。

SQL> select * from v$version;
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
CORE    11.2.0.1.0      Production
TNS for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
NLSRTL Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

SQL>drop table test purge;

SQL>create table test as select * from dba_objects;

SQL> exec DBMS_FGA.ADD_POLICY(object_schema=>‘LCAM_TEST‘,object_name=>‘test‘,policy_name=>‘FGA_1‘,enable=>TRUE,statement_types=>‘UPDATE,delete‘,audit_trail=>DBMS_FGA.DB+DBMS_FGA.EXTENDED,audit_column_opts=>DBMS_FGA.ANY_COLUMNS);--statement_types可以設定select,insert,delete,update

SQL> col SQL_TEXT format a80
SQL> select SQL_TEXT,TIMESTAMP from DBA_FGA_AUDIT_TRAIL order by TIMESTAMP;

SQL> update test set subobject_name=object_id where rownum=1;
SQL> select SQL_TEXT,TIMESTAMP from DBA_FGA_AUDIT_TRAIL order by TIMESTAMP;
update test set subobject_name=object_id where rownum=1                         01-12月-14

SQL> update test set subobject_name=object_id where rownum<100;--可以看到是按照SQL語句來審計的，不是按照行變動審計
SQL> select SQL_TEXT,TIMESTAMP from DBA_FGA_AUDIT_TRAIL order by TIMESTAMP;
update test set subobject_name=object_id where rownum<100                       01-12月-14
update test set subobject_name=object_id where rownum=1                         01-12月-14

SQL> delete from  sys.fga_log$;
SQL> commit;
SQL> select SQL_TEXT,TIMESTAMP from DBA_FGA_AUDIT_TRAIL order by TIMESTAMP;

SQL>

還有讓審計失效、啟用、刪除的方法：

exec DBMS_FGA.DISABLE_POLICY (object_schema=>‘LCAM_TEST‘,object_name=>‘test‘,policy_name=>‘FGA_1‘);
exec DBMS_FGA.ENABLE_POLICY (object_schema=>‘LCAM_TEST‘,object_name=>‘test‘,policy_name=>‘FGA_1‘);
exec DBMS_FGA.DROP_POLICY(object_schema=>‘LCAM_TEST‘,object_name=>‘test‘,policy_name=>‘FGA_1‘);

官方文檔的位置是：

Oracle? Database PL/SQL Packages and Types Reference  11g Release 2 (11.2)   DBMS_FGA

Table 66-2 ADD_POLICY Procedure Parameters

Parameter	Description	Default Value
object_schema	The schema of the object to be audited. (If NULL, the current log-on user schema is assumed.)	NULL
object_name	The name of the object to be audited.	-
policy_name	The unique name of the policy.	-
audit_condition	A condition in a row that indicates a monitoring condition. NULL is allowed and acts as TRUE.	NULL
audit_column	The columns to be checked for access. These can include OLS hidden columns or object type columns. The default, NULL, causes audit if any column is accessed or affected.	NULL
handler_schema	The schema that contains the event handler. The default, NULL, causes the current schema to be used.	NULL
handler_module	The function name of the event handler; includes the package name if necessary. This function is invoked only after the first row that matches the audit condition in the query is processed. If the procedure fails with an exception, the user SQL statement will fail as well.	NULL
enable	Enables the policy if TRUE, which is the default.	TRUE
statement_types	The SQL statement types to which this policy is applicable: INSERT, UPDATE,DELETE, or SELECT only.	SELECT
audit_trail	Destination (DB or XML) of fine grained audit records. Also specifies whether to populate LSQLTEXT and LSQLBIND in fga_log$.	DB+EXTENDED
audit_column_opts	Establishes whether a statement is audited when the query referencesany column specified in the audit_column parameter or only when allsuch columns are referenced.	ANY_COLUMNS

Oracle FGA細粒度審計