文章目錄
sqlserver與oracle case when else ,isnull文法差別
sqlserver裡的isnull()
oracle裡nvl()
NVL(Expr1,Expr2)如果Expr1為NULL,返回Expr2的值,否則返回Expr1的值
NVL2(Expr1,Expr2,Expr3)如果Expr1不為NULL,返回Expr2的值,否則返回Expr3的值
NULLIF(Expr1,Expr2)如果Expr1和Expr2的值相等,返回NULL,否則返回Expr1的值
sqlserver裡的case when else的用法:
表名 = CASE WHEN a.colorder = 1 THEN d .name ELSE '' END,
oracle裡case when else的用法:
(CASE WHEN a.colorder = 1 THEN d .name ELSE '' END) as 表名,
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1. CASE WHEN 運算式有兩種形式
--簡單Case函數
CASE sex
WHEN '1' THEN '男'
WHEN '2' THEN '女'
ELSE '其他' END
--Case搜尋函數
CASE
WHEN sex = '1' THEN '男'
WHEN sex = '2' THEN '女'
ELSE '其他' END
2. CASE WHEN 在語句中不同位置的用法
2.1 SELECT CASE WHEN 用法
SELECT grade, COUNT (CASE WHEN sex = 1 THEN 1 /*sex 1為男生,2位女生*/
ELSE NULL
END) 男生數,
COUNT (CASE WHEN sex = 2 THEN 1
ELSE NULL
END) 女生數
FROM students GROUP BY grade;
2.3 WHERE CASE WHEN 用法
SELECT T2.*, T1.*
FROM T1, T2
WHERE (CASE WHEN T2.COMPARE_TYPE = 'A' AND
T1.SOME_TYPE LIKE 'NOTHING%'
THEN 1
WHEN T2.COMPARE_TYPE != 'A' AND
T1.SOME_TYPE NOT LIKE 'NOTHING%'
THEN 1
ELSE 0
END) = 1
2.4 GROUP BY CASE WHEN 用法
SELECT
CASE WHEN salary <= 500 THEN '1'
WHEN salary > 500 AND salary <= 600 THEN '2'
WHEN salary > 600 AND salary <= 800 THEN '3'
WHEN salary > 800 AND salary <= 1000 THEN '4'
ELSE NULL END salary_class, -- 別名命名
COUNT(*)
FROM Table_A
GROUP BY
CASE WHEN salary <= 500 THEN '1'
WHEN salary > 500 AND salary <= 600 THEN '2'
WHEN salary > 600 AND salary <= 800 THEN '3'
WHEN salary > 800 AND salary <= 1000 THEN '4'
ELSE NULL END;
3.關於IF-THEN-ELSE的其他實現3.1 DECODE() 函數
select decode(sex, 'M', 'Male', 'F', 'Female', 'Unknown')
from employees;
貌似只有Oracle提供該函數,而且不支援ANSI SQL,文法上也沒CASE WHEN清晰,個人不推薦使用。
3.2 在WHERE中特殊實現
SELECT T2.*, T1.*
FROM T1, T2
WHERE (T2.COMPARE_TYPE = 'A' AND T1.SOME_TYPE LIKE 'NOTHING%')
OR
(T2.COMPARE_TYPE != 'A' AND T1.SOME_TYPE NOT LIKE 'NOTHING%')
這種方法也是在特殊情況下使用,要多注意邏輯,不要弄錯。