Linux中Oracle服務啟動和停止指令碼與開機自啟動_Linux

在CentOS 6.3下安裝完Oracle 10g R2，重開機之後，你會發現Oracle沒有自行啟動，這是正常的，因為在Linux下安裝Oracle的確不會自行啟動，必須要自行設定相關參數，首先先介紹一般而言如何啟動oracle。

一、在Linux下啟動Oracle

登入到CentOS，切換到oracle使用者權限

# su – oracle

接著輸入：

$ sqlplus "/as sysdba"

原本的畫面會變為
SQL>

接著請輸入
SQL> startup

就可以正常的啟動資料庫了。

另外停止資料庫的指令如下：

SQL> shutdown immediate

二、檢查Oracle DB監聽器是否正常

回到終端機模式，輸入：

$ lsnrctl status

檢查看看監聽器是否有啟動

如果沒有啟動，可以輸入：

$ lsnrctl start

啟動監聽器

SQL> conn sys@orcl as sysdba

然後輸入密碼，sys以sysdba身份登入資料庫。

三、啟動emctl

另外也可以發現http://localhost.localdomain:1158/em 目前是沒有反應的，這邊要另外啟動，啟動的指令如下：

$ emctl start dbconsole

這個指令已耗用時間較長，執行完的畫面如下：

手動啟動Oracle資料庫完畢，下面建立系統自行啟動Oracle的指令碼。

四、Oracle啟動&停止指令碼

1. 修改Oracle系統設定檔：/etc/oratab，只有這樣，Oracle 內建的dbstart和dbshut才能夠發揮作用。

# vi /etc/orataborcl:/opt/oracle/102:Y# Entries are of the form:#  $ORACLE_SID:$ORACLE_HOME:<N|Y>:

2. 在 /etc/init.d/ 下建立檔案oracle，內容如下：

#!/bin/sh# chkconfig: 35 80 10# description: Oracle auto start-stop script.## Set ORA_HOME to be equivalent to the $ORACLE_HOME# from which you wish to execute dbstart and dbshut;## Set ORA_OWNER to the user id of the owner of the# Oracle database in ORA_HOME.ORA_HOME=/opt/oracle/102ORA_OWNER=oracleif [ ! -f $ORA_HOME/bin/dbstart ]then  echo "Oracle startup: cannot start"  exitficase "$1" in'start')# Start the Oracle databases:echo "Starting Oracle Databases ... "echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracledate +" %T %a %D : Starting Oracle Databases as part of system up." >> /var/log/oracleecho "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oraclesu - $ORA_OWNER -c "$ORA_HOME/bin/dbstart" >>/var/log/oracleecho "Done"# Start the Listener:echo "Starting Oracle Listeners ... "echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracledate +" %T %a %D : Starting Oracle Listeners as part of system up." >> /var/log/oracleecho "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oraclesu - $ORA_OWNER -c "$ORA_HOME/bin/lsnrctl start" >>/var/log/oracleecho "Done."echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracledate +" %T %a %D : Finished." >> /var/log/oracleecho "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracletouch /var/lock/subsys/oracle;;'stop')# Stop the Oracle Listener:echo "Stoping Oracle Listeners ... "echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracledate +" %T %a %D : Stoping Oracle Listener as part of system down." >> /var/log/oracleecho "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oraclesu - $ORA_OWNER -c "$ORA_HOME/bin/lsnrctl stop" >>/var/log/oracleecho "Done."rm -f /var/lock/subsys/oracle# Stop the Oracle Database:echo "Stoping Oracle Databases ... "echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracledate +" %T %a %D : Stoping Oracle Databases as part of system down." >> /var/log/oracleecho "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oraclesu - $ORA_OWNER -c "$ORA_HOME/bin/dbshut" >>/var/log/oracleecho "Done."echo ""echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracledate +" %T %a %D : Finished." >> /var/log/oracleecho "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle;;'restart')$0 stop$0 start;;esac

3. 改變檔案許可權

# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/oracle

4. 添加服務

# chkconfig --level 35 oracle on

5. 需要在關機或重啟機器之前停止資料庫，做一下操作

# ln -s /etc/init.d/oracle /etc/rc0.d/K01oracle  //關機# ln -s /etc/init.d/oracle /etc/rc6.d/K01oracle  //重啟 

6. 使用方法

# service oracle start    //啟動oracle # service oracle stop    //關閉oracle # service oracle restart   //重啟oracle

7. 測試

a. 開機自啟動

Last login: Mon Nov 26 19:57:06 2012 from 10.0.0.145[root@ORS ~]# su - oracle[oracle@ORS ~]$ sqlplus "/as sysdba"SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon Nov 26 20:07:33 2012Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.Connected to:Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - ProductionWith the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining optionsSQL> set linesize 300;SQL> set pagesize 30;SQL> select * from scott.emp;   EMPNO ENAME   JOB       MGR HIREDATE     SAL    COMM   DEPTNO---------- ---------- --------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------- ----------SMITH   CLERK      7902 17-DEC-80    800          20ALLEN   SALESMAN    7698 20-FEB-81    1600    300     30WARD    SALESMAN    7698 22-FEB-81    1250    500     30JONES   MANAGER     7839 02-APR-81    2975          20MARTIN   SALESMAN    7698 28-SEP-81    1250    1400     30BLAKE   MANAGER     7839 01-MAY-81    2850          30CLARK   MANAGER     7839 09-JUN-81    2450          10SCOTT   ANALYST     7566 19-APR-87    3000          20KING    PRESIDENT      17-NOV-81    5000          10TURNER   SALESMAN    7698 08-SEP-81    1500     0     30ADAMS   CLERK      7788 23-MAY-87    1100          20JAMES   CLERK      7698 03-DEC-81    950          30FORD    ANALYST     7566 03-DEC-81    3000          20MILLER   CLERK      7782 23-JAN-82    1300          10rows selected.SQL>

b. service oracle stop

SQL> Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - ProductionWith the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options[oracle@ORS ~]$ logout[root@ORS ~]# service oracle stopStoping Oracle Listeners ... Done.Stoping Oracle Databases ... Done.[root@ORS ~]# su - oracle[oracle@ORS ~]$ sqlplus "/as sysdba"SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon Nov 26 20:17:20 2012Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.Connected to an idle instance.SQL> set linesize 300;SQL> set pagesize 30;SQL> select * from scott.emp;select * from scott.emp*ERROR at line 1:ORA-01034: ORACLE not availableSQL>

c. service oracle start

SQL> Disconnected[oracle@ORS ~]$ logout[root@ORS ~]# service oracle startStarting Oracle Databases ... DoneStarting Oracle Listeners ... Done.[root@ORS ~]#

d. service oracle restart

[root@ORS ~]# service oracle restartStoping Oracle Listeners ... Done.Stoping Oracle Databases ... Done.Starting Oracle Databases ... DoneStarting Oracle Listeners ... Done.[root@ORS ~]#

至此，Oracle服務啟動&停止指令碼與開機自啟動設定完畢。

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