Packet Tracer 5.0實驗(九) 路由器RIP動態路由配置

一、實驗目標

• 掌握RIP協議的配置方法；
• 掌握查看通過動態路由協議RIP學習產生的路由；
• 熟悉廣域網路線纜的串連方式；

二、實驗背景

假設校園網通過一台三層交換器連到校園網出口路由器上，路由器再和校園外的另一台路由器串連。現要做適當配置，實現校園網內部主機與校園網外部主機之間的相互連信。為了簡化網管的管理維護工作，學校決定採用RIP V2協議實現互連。

三、技術原理

RIP（Routing Information Protocols），路由資訊協議，是應用較早、使用較普通的IGP內部閘道通訊協定，適用於小型同類網路，是距離向量協議；

RIP協議以跳數衡量路徑開銷，RIP協議裡規定最大跳數為15；

RIP協議有兩個版本：RIPv1和RIPv2，RIPv1屬於有類路由協議，不支援VLSM，以廣播形式進行路由資訊的更新，更新周期為30秒；RIPv2屬於無類路由協議，支援VLSM，以組播形式進行路由更新。

四、實驗步驟

實驗拓撲

1、在三層交換器上劃分VLAN10和VLAN20，其中VLAN10用於串連校園網主機，VLAN20用於串連R1；

2、路由器之間通過V.35電纜通過串口串連，DCE端串連在R1上，配置其時間頻率為64000；

3、主機和交換器通過直連線串連，主機與路由器通過交叉線串連；

4、在S3560上配置RIPv2路由協議；

5、在路由器R1、R2上配置RIPv2路由協議；

6、將PC1、PC2主機預設閘道分別設定為與直連網路裝置介面IP地址；

7、驗證PC1、PC2主機之間可以互相通訊；

S3560:

Switch>Switch>enSwitch#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.Switch(config)#hostname S3560S3560(config)#vlan 10S3560(config-vlan)#exitS3560(config)#vlan 20S3560(config-vlan)#exitS3560(config)#interface fa0/10S3560(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10S3560(config-if)#exitS3560(config)#interface fa0/20S3560(config-if)#switchport access vlan 20S3560(config-if)#exitS3560(config)#interface vlan 10%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Vlan10, changed state to up%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Vlan10, changed state to upS3560(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0S3560(config-if)#exitS3560(config)#interface vlan 20
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Vlan20, changed state to upS3560(config-if)#ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0S3560(config-if)#exitS3560(config)#router rip S3560(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0S3560(config-router)#network 192.168.3.0S3560(config-router)#version 2S3560(config-router)#%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/20, changed state to up%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/20, changed state to up%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Vlan20, changed state to upS3560(config-router)#endS3560#%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoleS3560#show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP       i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area       * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR       P - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not setC    192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Vlan10C    192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, Vlan20S3560#show ip route                                                          //當配置好所有RIPv2後，再查看路由資訊Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP       i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area       * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR       P - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not setC    192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Vlan10R    192.168.2.0/24 [120/2] via 192.168.3.2, 00:00:01, Vlan20C    192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, Vlan20R    192.168.4.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.3.2, 00:00:01, Vlan20S3560#

R1:

Router>enRouter#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.Router(config)#hostname R1R1(config)#interface fa0/0R1(config-if)#no shutdown %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to upR1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.3.2 255.255.255.0R1(config-if)#exitR1(config)#interface serial 2/0R1(config-if)#no shutdown %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial2/0, changed state to downR1(config-if)#clock rate 64000R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.4.1 255.255.255.0R1(config-if)#exitR1(config)#router ripR1(config-router)#network 192.168.3.0R1(config-router)#network 192.168.4.0R1(config-router)#version 2R1(config-router)#end%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoleR1#show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP       i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area       * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR       P - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not setR    192.168.1.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.3.1, 00:00:15, FastEthernet0/0C    192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0R1#%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial2/0, changed state to up%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial2/0, changed state to upR1#show ip route                                                             //當配置好所有RIPv2後，再查看路由資訊 Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP       i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area       * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR       P - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not setR    192.168.1.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.3.1, 00:00:19, FastEthernet0/0R    192.168.2.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.4.2, 00:00:11, Serial2/0C    192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0C    192.168.4.0/24 is directly connected, Serial2/0R1#

R2:

Router>enRouter#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.Router(config)#hostname R2R2(config)#interface fa0/0R2(config-if)#no shutdown %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to upR2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0R2(config-if)#exitR2(config)#interface serial 2/0R2(config-if)#no shutdown %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial2/0, changed state to up%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial2/0, changed state to up    R2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.4.2 255.255.255.0R2(config-if)#exitR2(config)#end%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoleR2#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP       i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area       * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR       P - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not setC    192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0C    192.168.4.0/24 is directly connected, Serial2/0R2#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.R2(config)#router ripR2(config-router)#network 192.168.2.0R2(config-router)#network 192.168.4.0R2(config-router)#version 2R2(config-router)#end%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoleR2#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP       i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area       * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR       P - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not setR    192.168.1.0/24 [120/2] via 192.168.4.1, 00:00:00, Serial2/0C    192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0R    192.168.3.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.4.1, 00:00:00, Serial2/0C    192.168.4.0/24 is directly connected, Serial2/0R2#

五、測試

Packet Tracer PC Command Line 1.0PC>ipconfigIP Address......................: 192.168.2.2Subnet Mask.....................: 255.255.255.0Default Gateway.................: 192.168.2.1PC>ping 192.168.1.2Pinging 192.168.1.2 with 32 bytes of data:Request timed out.Request timed out.Reply from 192.168.1.2: bytes=32 time=16ms TTL=125Reply from 192.168.1.2: bytes=32 time=17ms TTL=125Ping statistics for 192.168.1.2:    Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 2, Lost = 2 (50% loss),Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:    Minimum = 16ms, Maximum = 17ms, Average = 16msPC>ping 192.168.1.2Pinging 192.168.1.2 with 32 bytes of data:Reply from 192.168.1.2: bytes=32 time=19ms TTL=125Reply from 192.168.1.2: bytes=32 time=16ms TTL=125Reply from 192.168.1.2: bytes=32 time=13ms TTL=125Reply from 192.168.1.2: bytes=32 time=15ms TTL=125Ping statistics for 192.168.1.2:    Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:    Minimum = 13ms, Maximum = 19ms, Average = 15msPC>