Android開發學習之電話、簡訊、連絡人

作為一部手機，最重要的功能當屬電話、簡訊、連絡人了，所以今天想和大家分享的是關於Android電話、簡訊、連絡人這塊的API介面。

1、通話記錄的擷取

        List mRecords=new ArrayList();    Cursor mCursor=mContext.getContentResolver().query(CallLog.Calls.CONTENT_URI, null,null, null,null);    if(mCursor!=null && mCursor.moveToFirst())    {    do    {        TelePhoneRecord.getColumnIndex(mCursor);        TelePhoneRecord mRecord=new TelePhoneRecord(mCursor);        mRecords.add(mRecord);    }while(mCursor.moveToNext());    }    mCursor.close();

其中TelephoneRecord是對通話記錄的一個實體類，定義如下:

/* * 通話記錄描述類 */package com.android.TelephoneAPIs.Tools;import android.database.Cursor;public class TelePhoneRecord {   /**通話記錄ID **/   private long mID;   /**電話號碼    **/   private String mNumber;   /**通話日期   **/   private long mDate;   /** 通話類型  **/   private long mType;   /*    * 1：來電    * 2：去電    */   private long mDuration;               /**通話記錄ID索引**/   private static int Index_ID;   /** 電話號碼索引**/   private static int Index_Number;   /** 通話日期索引 **/   private static int Index_Date;   /** 通話類型索引 **/   private static int Index_Type;   /** 通話時間索引 **/   private static int Index_Duration;         public static void getColumnIndex(Cursor c)   {   Index_ID=c.getColumnIndex("_id");   Index_Number=c.getColumnIndex("number");   Index_Date=c.getColumnIndex("date");   Index_Type=c.getColumnIndex("type");   Index_Duration=c.getColumnIndex("duration");   }      public TelePhoneRecord(Cursor c)   {   mID=c.getLong(Index_ID);   mNumber=c.getString(Index_Number);   mDate=c.getLong(Index_Date);   mType=c.getLong(Index_Type);   mDuration=c.getLong(Index_Duration);   }      public long getID() {return mID;   }      public void setID(long mID) {this.mID = mID;   }      public String getNumber() {return mNumber;   }      public void setNumber(String mNumber) {this.mNumber = mNumber;   }      public long getDate() {return mDate;   }      public void setDate(long mDate) {this.mDate = mDate;   }      public long getType() {return mType;   }      public void setType(long mType) {this.mType = mType;   }   public long getDuration() {return mDuration;   }   public void setDuration(long mDuration) {this.mDuration = mDuration;   }}

2、來電、去電、短線的監聽

監聽來電：繼承BoardcastReciver在onReceive方法中判斷Intent的類型或者使用TelephoneManager擷取電話狀態

監聽去電：繼承BoardcastReciver在onReceive方法中判斷Intent的類型

監聽簡訊：在BoardcastReciver中，從Bundle中擷取pdus資料，轉換為SmsMessage對象

3、讀取連絡人

   List mContacts=new ArrayList();   //此路徑只能查詢連絡人名稱   /*Cursor c1=mContext.getContentResolver().query(Uri.withAppendedPath(ContactsContract.AUTHORITY_URI,   "contacts"), null, null, null, null);*/   //此路徑可以查詢連絡人名稱和號碼   Cursor c2=mContext.getContentResolver().query(Uri.withAppendedPath(ContactsContract.AUTHORITY_URI,   "data/phones"), null, null, null, null);   if(c2!=null && c2.moveToFirst())   {   do   {   Contact.getColumnIndex(c2);   Contact mContact=new Contact(c2);   mContacts.add(mContact);   }while(c2.moveToNext());   }   c2.close();

同樣給出Contact的定義：

package com.android.TelephoneAPIs.Tools;import android.database.Cursor;public class Contact {   private String mName;   private String mNum;      private static int Index_Name;   private static int Index_Num;      public static void getColumnIndex(Cursor c)   {   Index_Name=c.getColumnIndex("display_name");   Index_Num=c.getColumnIndex("data1");   }      public Contact(Cursor c)   {   mName=c.getString(Index_Name);   mNum=c.getString(Index_Num);   }      public String getName() {return mName;   }      public void setName(String mName) {this.mName = mName;   }      public String getNum() {return mNum;   }      public void setNum(String mNum) {this.mNum = mNum;   }}

4、增加連絡人

   ContentValues mValues=new ContentValues();   //擷取RawContactID   Uri mRawContactUri=mContext.getContentResolver().insert(RawContacts.CONTENT_URI, mValues);   long mRawContactID=ContentUris.parseId(mRawContactUri);   mValues.clear();   //設定RawContactID   mValues.put(StructuredName.RAW_CONTACT_ID, mRawContactID);   //設定MIMETYPE   mValues.put(Data.MIMETYPE, StructuredName.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE);   //設定連絡人姓名   mValues.put(StructuredName.DISPLAY_NAME, Name);   //插入連絡人姓名資訊   mContext.getContentResolver().insert(Data.CONTENT_URI, mValues);      mValues.clear();   //設定RawContactID   mValues.put(Phone.RAW_CONTACT_ID, mRawContactID);   //設定MIMETYPE   mValues.put(Data.MIMETYPE, StructuredName.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE);   //設定連絡人號碼      mValues.put(Phone.NUMBER, Num);   //插入連絡人號碼資訊   mContext.getContentResolver().insert(Data.CONTENT_URI, mValues);

5、簡訊讀取

/* * 簡訊讀取工具類 * @author：秦元培 * 時間：2014年1月23日 */package com.android.TelephoneAPIs.Tools;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;import android.content.Context;import android.database.Cursor;import android.net.Uri;public class ShortMessageReader {/** 定義收件匣查詢地址  **/public static final Uri SMS_INBOX=Uri.parse("content://sms/inbox");/** 定義所有資訊查詢地址 **/public static final Uri SMS_ALL=Uri.parse("content://sms");/** 定義寄件匣查詢地址  **/public static final Uri SMS_TOBOX=Uri.parse("content://sms/sent");/** 擷取所有的短訊息**/public static List  getAllMessages(Context mContext){    List Messages=new ArrayList();    Messages=queryMessage(mContext,SMS_ALL, null,null);    return Messages;}/** 擷取指定號碼的短訊息   **/    public static List getMessageByNumber(Context mContext,Uri mUri,String[]mSelectionAns)    {    List Messages=new ArrayList();    Messages=queryMessage(mContext, mUri, "address=?",mSelectionAns);    return Messages;    }        /** 擷取指定會話ID的短訊息    **/    public static List getMessageByThreadID(Context mContext,Uri mUri,String[]mSelectionAns)    {    List Messages=new ArrayList();    Messages=queryMessage(mContext, mUri, "thread_id=?",mSelectionAns);    return Messages;    }            /** 擷取任何滿足條件的短訊息    **/    public static List queryMessage(Context mContext,Uri mUri,String mSelection,String[]mSelectionAns)    {    List Messages=new ArrayList();    Cursor mCursor=mContext.getContentResolver().query(mUri, null,mSelection,mSelectionAns, null);    if(mCursor!=null && mCursor.moveToFirst())    {    do    {    ShortMessage.getColumnIndex(mCursor);        ShortMessage mMessage=new ShortMessage(mCursor);    /** 添加到Messages **/    Messages.add(mMessage);    }while(mCursor.moveToNext());    }    mCursor.close();return Messages;    }}

ShortMessage定義如下：

 package com.android.TelephoneAPIs.Tools;import android.database.Cursor;public class ShortMessage {  /** 短訊息會話ID **/  private long mThreadID;  /** 短訊息Id **/  private long mID;  /** 短訊息內容  **/  private String mBody;  /** 短訊息主題  **/  private String mSubject;  /** 短訊息發送時間  **/  private long mDate;  /** 短訊息發送人號碼  **/  private String mAddress;  /** 短訊息發送人  **/  private int mPerson;  /** 短訊息狀態   **/  private int mRead;  /** 短訊息類型  **/  private int mType;    /** 擷取會話ID索引**/  private static int Index_Thread_ID;  /** 擷取ID索引**/  private static int Index_ID;  /** 擷取地址索引  **/  private static int Index_Address;  /** 擷取時間索引  **/  private static int Index_Date;  /** 擷取主題索引 **/  private static int Index_Subject;  /** 擷取內容索引 **/  private static int Index_Body;  /** 擷取發送人索引  **/  private static int Index_Person;  /** 擷取狀態索引  **/  private static int Index_Read;  /** 擷取類型索引  **/  private static int Index_Type;      public ShortMessage(Cursor c)  {  /** 擷取會話ID **/  mThreadID=c.getLong(Index_Thread_ID);  /** 擷取ID **/  mID=c.getLong(Index_ID);  /** 擷取Address **/  mAddress=c.getString(Index_Address);  /** 擷取Subject **/  mSubject=c.getString(Index_Subject);  /** 擷取Date **/  mDate=c.getLong(Index_Date);  /** 擷取Body **/  mBody=c.getString(Index_Body);  /** 擷取Person **/  mPerson=c.getInt(Index_Person);  /** 擷取Read **/  mRead=c.getInt(Index_Read);  /** 擷取Type **/  mType=c.getInt(Index_Type);  }    public static void getColumnIndex(Cursor c)  {    /** 擷取會話ID索引**/Index_Thread_ID=c.getColumnIndex("thread_id");/** 擷取ID索引**/Index_ID=c.getColumnIndex("_id");/** 擷取地址索引  **/Index_Address=c.getColumnIndex("address");/** 擷取時間索引  **/Index_Date=c.getColumnIndex("date");/** 擷取主題索引 **/Index_Subject=c.getColumnIndex("subject");/** 擷取內容索引 **/Index_Body=c.getColumnIndex("body");/** 擷取發送人索引  **/Index_Person=c.getColumnIndex("person");/** 擷取狀態索引  **/Index_Read=c.getColumnIndex("read");/** 擷取類型索引  **/Index_Type=c.getColumnIndex("type");  }    public long getThreadID() {return mThreadID;  }    public void setThreadID(long mThreadID) {this.mThreadID = mThreadID;  }    public long getID() {return mID;  }    public void setID(long mID) {this.mID = mID;  }    public String getBody() {return mBody;  }    public void setBody(String mBody) {this.mBody = mBody;  }    public long getDate() { return mDate;  }    public void setDate(long mDate) {this.mDate = mDate;  }    public String getAddress() {return mAddress;  }    public void setAddress(String mAddress) {this.mAddress = mAddress;  }    public long getRead() {return mRead;  }    public void setRead(int mRead) {this.mRead = mRead;  }  public long getPerson() {return mPerson;  }  public void setPerson(int mPerson) {this.mPerson = mPerson;  }  public String getSubject() {return mSubject;  }  public void setSubject(String mSubject) {this.mSubject = mSubject;  }  public long getType() {return mType;  }  public void setType(int mType) {this.mType = mType;  }  }

6、簡訊發送

 public static void sendMessage(Context mContext,String mNum,String mContent,boolean mSave)   {   if(mSave)   {     SmsManager mManager=SmsManager.getDefault();     mManager.sendTextMessage(mNum, null, mContent, null, null);     ContentValues mValues=new ContentValues();     mValues.put("thread_id",getThreadIDByAddress(mContext,new String[]{mNum}));     mValues.put("body", mContent);     mValues.put("date", new Date().getTime());     mValues.put("address", mNum);     mValues.put("type", 2);     mValues.put("read", 1);     mContext.getContentResolver().insert(Uri.parse("content://sms"), mValues);   }else{ SmsManager mManager=SmsManager.getDefault(); mManager.sendTextMessage(mNum, null, mContent, null, null);   }      }   private static long getThreadIDByAddress(Context mContext,String[] SelectionArg)   {   List mMessages=ShortMessageReader.getMessageByNumber(mContext, ShortMessageReader.SMS_INBOX,SelectionArg );   ShortMessage m=mMessages.get(0);   return m.getThreadID();   }

上面的兩個方法分別是傳送簡訊和擷取短線會話ID的方法，可以設定是否儲存到資料庫中

7、將簡訊以Xml檔案形式匯出

 public static void OutputByXml(List mMessages,String mXmlFilePath)   {   File XmlFile = new File(mXmlFilePath);         try{         XmlFile.createNewFile();         }catch (IOException e) {             e.printStackTrace();       }         FileOutputStream fos = null;         try{             fos = new FileOutputStream(XmlFile);         }catch (FileNotFoundException  e) {            e.printStackTrace();       }         XmlSerializer serializer = Xml.newSerializer();         try {             serializer.setOutput(fos,"UTF-8");             serializer.startDocument(null, true);             serializer.startTag(null, "ShortMessages");             for(int i = 0; i < mMessages.size(); i ++){                 serializer.startTag(null, "Message");                 serializer.startTag(null, "Address");                 serializer.text(mMessages.get(i).getAddress());                 serializer.endTag(null, "Address");                 serializer.startTag(null, "Body");                 serializer.text(mMessages.get(i).getBody());                 serializer.endTag(null, "Body");                 serializer.endTag(null, "Message");             }             serializer.endTag(null, "ShortMessages");             serializer.endDocument();             serializer.flush();             fos.close();         } catch (Exception e) {            e.printStackTrace();       }     }

以上代碼全部測試通過，要求的權限如下：