php實現擷取漢字的首字母兩個執行個體

例1

主要功能是：功能明確，易於修改維護和擴充； 英文的字串：不變返回(包括數字)；中文字串：返回拼音首字元； 中英混合串: 返回拼音首字元和英文。該演算法採用了二分法尋找，修複了之前字母Z讀取成Y的錯誤。好東西要收藏，故在此留下印記，以供後人考證！

代碼如下

複製代碼

<?php  /** * 修複二分法尋找方法 * 漢字拼音首字母工具類 *  註： 英文的字串：不變返回(包括數字)    eg .abc123 => abc123 *      中文字串：返回拼音首字元        eg. 測試字串 => CSZFC *      中英混合串: 返回拼音首字元和英文   eg. 我i我j => WIWJ *  eg. *  $py = new str2PY(); *  $result = $py->getInitials('啊吧才的餓飛就好i就看了嗎你哦平去人是他uv我想一在'); */ class str2PY {     private $_pinyins = array(         176161 => 'A',         176197 => 'B',         178193 => 'C',         180238 => 'D',         182234 => 'E',         183162 => 'F',         184193 => 'G',         185254 => 'H',         187247 => 'J',         191166 => 'K',         192172 => 'L',         194232 => 'M',         196195 => 'N',         197182 => 'O',         197190 => 'P',         198218 => 'Q',         200187 => 'R',         200246 => 'S',         203250 => 'T',         205218 => 'W',         206244 => 'X',         209185 => 'Y',         212209 => 'Z',     );     private $_charset = null;     /**      * 建構函式, 指定需要的編碼 default: utf-8      * 支援utf-8, gb2312      *      * @param unknown_type $charset      */     public function __construct( $charset = 'utf-8' )     {         $this->_charset    = $charset;     }     /**      * 中文字串 substr      *      * @param string $str      * @param int    $start      * @param int    $len      * @return string      */     private function _msubstr ($str, $start, $len)     {         $start  = $start * 2;         $len    = $len * 2;         $strlen = strlen($str);         $result = '';         for ( $i = 0; $i < $strlen; $i++ ) {             if ( $i >= $start && $i < ($start + $len) ) {                 if ( ord(substr($str, $i, 1)) > 129 ) $result .= substr($str, $i, 2);                 else $result .= substr($str, $i, 1);             }             if ( ord(substr($str, $i, 1)) > 129 ) $i++;         }         return $result;     }     /**      * 字串切分為數組 (漢字或者一個字元為單位)      *      * @param string $str      * @return array      */     private function _cutWord( $str )     {         $words = array();          while ( $str != "" )          {             if ( $this->_isAscii($str) ) {/*非中文*/                 $words[] = $str[0];                 $str = substr( $str, strlen($str[0]) );             }else{                 $word = $this->_msubstr( $str, 0, 1 );                 $words[] = $word;                 $str = substr( $str, strlen($word) );             }          }          return $words;     }     /**      * 判斷字元是否是ascii字元      *      * @param string $char      * @return bool      */     private function _isAscii( $char )     {         return ( ord( substr($char,0,1) ) < 160 );     }     /**      * 判斷字串前3個字元是否是ascii字元      *      * @param string $str      * @return bool      */     private function _isAsciis( $str )     {         $len = strlen($str) >= 3 ? 3: 2;         $chars = array();         for( $i = 1; $i < $len -1; $i++ ){             $chars[] = $this->_isAscii( $str[$i] ) ? 'yes':'no';         }         $result = array_count_values( $chars );         if ( empty($result['no']) ){             return true;         }         return false;     }     /**      * 擷取中文字串的拼音首字元      *      * @param string $str      * @return string      */     public function getInitials( $str )     {         if ( empty($str) ) return '';         if ( $this->_isAscii($str[0]) && $this->_isAsciis( $str )){             return $str;         }         $result = array();         if ( $this->_charset == 'utf-8' ){             $str = iconv( 'utf-8', 'gb2312', $str );         }         $words = $this->_cutWord( $str );         foreach ( $words as $word )         {             if ( $this->_isAscii($word) ) {/*非中文*/                 $result[] = $word;                 continue;             }             $code = ord( substr($word,0,1) ) * 1000 + ord( substr($word,1,1) );             /*擷取拼音首字母A--Z*/             if ( ($i = $this->_search($code)) != -1 ){                 $result[] = $this->_pinyins[$i];             }         }         return strtoupper(implode('',$result));     }     private function _getChar( $ascii )     {         if ( $ascii >= 48 && $ascii <= 57){             return chr($ascii);  /*數字*/         }elseif ( $ascii>=65 && $ascii<=90 ){             return chr($ascii);   /* A--Z*/         }elseif ($ascii>=97 && $ascii<=122){             return chr($ascii-32); /* a--z*/         }else{             return '-'; /*其他*/         }     }     /**      * 尋找需要的漢字內碼(gb2312) 對應的拼音字元( 二分法 )      *      * @param int $code      * @return int      */     private function _search( $code )     {         $data = array_keys($this->_pinyins);         $lower = 0;         $upper = sizeof($data)-1;   $middle = (int) round(($lower + $upper) / 2);         if ( $code < $data[0] ) return -1;         for (;;) {             if ( $lower > $upper ){                 return $data[$lower-1];             }             $tmp = (int) round(($lower + $upper) / 2);             if ( !isset($data[$tmp]) ){     return $data[$middle];             }else{     $middle = $tmp;    }             if ( $data[$middle] < $code ){                 $lower = (int)$middle + 1;             }else if ( $data[$middle] == $code ) {                 return $data[$middle];             }else{                 $upper = (int)$middle - 1;             }         }     } } ?>

例2

取漢字的asc區間然後返回漢字首字母了。

 

代碼如下

複製代碼

<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> <?php  function getfirstchar($s0){        $fchar = ord($s0{0});     if($fchar >= ord("A") and $fchar <= ord("z") )return strtoupper($s0{0});     $s1 = iconv("UTF-8","gb2312", $s0);     $s2 = iconv("gb2312","UTF-8", $s1);     if($s2 == $s0){$s = $s1;}else{$s = $s0;}     $asc = ord($s{0}) * 256 + ord($s{1}) - 65536;     if($asc >= -20319 and $asc <= -20284) return "A";     if($asc >= -20283 and $asc <= -19776) return "B";     if($asc >= -19775 and $asc <= -19219) return "C";     if($asc >= -19218 and $asc <= -18711) return "D";     if($asc >= -18710 and $asc <= -18527) return "E";     if($asc >= -18526 and $asc <= -18240) return "F";     if($asc >= -18239 and $asc <= -17923) return "G";     if($asc >= -17922 and $asc <= -17418) return "I";     if($asc >= -17417 and $asc <= -16475) return "J";     if($asc >= -16474 and $asc <= -16213) return "K";     if($asc >= -16212 and $asc <= -15641) return "L";     if($asc >= -15640 and $asc <= -15166) return "M";     if($asc >= -15165 and $asc <= -14923) return "N";     if($asc >= -14922 and $asc <= -14915) return "O";     if($asc >= -14914 and $asc <= -14631) return "P";     if($asc >= -14630 and $asc <= -14150) return "Q";     if($asc >= -14149 and $asc <= -14091) return "R";     if($asc >= -14090 and $asc <= -13319) return "S";     if($asc >= -13318 and $asc <= -12839) return "T";     if($asc >= -12838 and $asc <= -12557) return "W";     if($asc >= -12556 and $asc <= -11848) return "X";     if($asc >= -11847 and $asc <= -11056) return "Y";     if($asc >= -11055 and $asc <= -10247) return "Z";     return null; }     function pinyin1($zh){     $ret = "";     $s1 = iconv("UTF-8","gb2312", $zh);     $s2 = iconv("gb2312","UTF-8", $s1);     if($s2 == $zh){$zh = $s1;}     for($i = 0; $i < strlen($zh); $i++){         $s1 = substr($zh,$i,1);         $p = ord($s1);         if($p > 160){             $s2 = substr($zh,$i++,2);             $ret .= getfirstchar($s2);         }else{             $ret .= $s1;         }     }     return $ret; } echo "這是中文字串<br/>"; echo pinyin1('這是中文字串');   ?>