這篇文章主要為大家詳細介紹了PHP迭代與遞迴實現無限級分類,具有一定的參考價值,感興趣的小夥伴們可以參考一下
無限級分類是開發中常見的情況,因此本文對常見的無限極分類演算法進行總結歸納.
1.迴圈迭代實現
$arr = [ 1=>['id'=>1,'name'=>'父1','father'=>NULL], 2=>['id'=>2,'name'=>'父2','father'=>NULL], 3=>['id'=>3,'name'=>'父3','father'=>NULL], 4=>['id'=>4,'name'=>'兒1-1','father'=>1], 5=>['id'=>5,'name'=>'兒1-2','father'=>1], 6=>['id'=>6,'name'=>'兒1-3','father'=>1], 7=>['id'=>7,'name'=>'兒2-1','father'=>2], 8=>['id'=>8,'name'=>'兒2-1','father'=>2], 9=>['id'=>9,'name'=>'兒3-1','father'=>3], 10=>['id'=>10,'name'=>'兒3-1-1','father'=>9], 11=>['id'=>11,'name'=>'兒1-1-1','father'=>4], 12=>['id'=>12,'name'=>'兒2-1-1','father'=>7],];function generateTree($items){ $tree = array(); foreach($items as $item){ if(isset($items[$item['father']])){ $items[$item['father']]['son'][] = &$items[$item['id']]; }else{ $tree[] = &$items[$item['id']]; } } return $tree;}$tree = generateTree($arr);print_r(json_encode($tree));
輸出:
分析:
這個演算法利用了迴圈迭代,將線性結構按照父子關係以樹形結構輸出,演算法的關鍵在於使用了引用.
優點:速度快,效率高.
缺點:數組的key值必須與id值相同,不便於取出資料(同樣使用迭代擷取資料)
2.遞迴實現
$arr = [ 0=>['id'=>1,'name'=>'父1','father'=>0], 1=>['id'=>2,'name'=>'父2','father'=>0], 2=>['id'=>3,'name'=>'父3','father'=>0], 3=>['id'=>4,'name'=>'兒1-1','father'=>1], 4=>['id'=>5,'name'=>'兒1-2','father'=>1], 5=>['id'=>6,'name'=>'兒1-3','father'=>1], 6=>['id'=>7,'name'=>'兒2-1','father'=>2], 7=>['id'=>8,'name'=>'兒2-1','father'=>2], 8=>['id'=>9,'name'=>'兒3-1','father'=>3], 9=>['id'=>10,'name'=>'兒3-1-1','father'=>9], 10=>['id'=>11,'name'=>'兒1-1-1','father'=>4], 11=>['id'=>12,'name'=>'兒2-1-1','father'=>7],];function generateTree($arr,$id,$step){ static $tree=[]; foreach($arr as $key=>$val) { if($val['father'] == $id) { $flg = str_repeat('└―',$step); $val['name'] = $flg.$val['name']; $tree[] = $val; generateTree($arr , $val['id'] ,$step+1); } } return $tree;}$tree = generateTree($arr,0,0);foreach ($tree as $val){ echo $val['name'].'<br>';}
輸出:
分析:
利用了遞迴,數組的key值與id值可以不相同,最後以順序的結構輸出數組
優點:方便遍曆,尋找父子項目
缺點:php不擅長遞迴,資料量大的情況下效率會顯著降低