下面我們來介紹具體php多線程實現程式碼,有需要瞭解的同學可參考。
當有人想要實現並發功能時,他們通常會想到用fork或者spawn threads,但是當他們發現php不支援多線程的時候,大概會轉換思路去用一些不夠好的語言,比如perl。
其實的是大多數情況下,你大可不必使用fork 或者線程,並且你會得到比用fork 或thread 更好的效能。
假設你要建立一個服務來檢查正在啟動並執行n台伺服器,以確定他們還在正常運轉。你可能會寫下面這樣的代碼:
代碼如下
<?php$hosts = array("host1.sample.com", "host2.sample.com", "host3.sample.com");$timeout = 15;$status = array();foreach ($hosts as $host) { $errno = 0; $errstr = ""; $s = fsockopen($host, 80, $errno, $errstr, $timeout); if ($s) { $status[$host] = "Connectedn"; fwrite($s, "HEAD / HTTP/1.0rnHost: $hostrnrn"); do { $data = fread($s, 8192); if (strlen($data) == 0) { break; } $status[$host] .= $data; } while (true); fclose($s); } else { $status[$host] = "Connection failed: $errno $errstrn"; }}print_r($status);?>
它啟動並執行很好,但是在fsockopen()分析完hostname並且建立一個成功的串連(或者延時$timeout秒)之前,擴充這段代碼來管理大量伺服器將耗費很長時間。
因此我們必須放棄這段代碼;我們可以建立非同步串連-不需要等待fsockopen返回串連狀態。PHP仍然需要解析hostname(所以直接使用ip更加明智),不過將在開啟一個串連之後立刻返回,繼而我們就可以串連下一台伺服器。
有兩種方法可以實現:PHP5中可以使用新增的stream_socket_client()函數直接替換掉fsocketopen()。PHP5之前的版本,你需要自己動手,用sockets擴充解決問題。
下面是PHP5中的解決方案:
代碼如下
<?php$hosts = array("host1.sample.com", "host2.sample.com", "host3.sample.com");$timeout = 15;$status = array();$sockets = array();/* Initiate connections to all the hosts simultaneously */foreach ($hosts as $id => $host) { $s = stream_socket_client("$$host:80", $errno, $errstr, $timeout, STREAM_CLIENT_ASYNC_CONNECT|STREAM_CLIENT_CONNECT); if ($s) { $sockets[$id] = $s; $status[$id] = "in progress"; } else { $status[$id] = "failed, $errno $errstr"; }}/* Now, wait for the results to come back in */while (count($sockets)) { $read = $write = $sockets; /* This is the magic function - explained below */ $n = stream_select($read, $write, $e = null, $timeout); if ($n > 0) { /* readable sockets either have data for us, or are failed * connection attempts */ foreach ($read as $r) { $id = array_search($r, $sockets); $data = fread($r, 8192); if (strlen($data) == 0) { if ($status[$id] == "in progress") { $status[$id] = "failed to connect"; } fclose($r); unset($sockets[$id]); } else { $status[$id] .= $data; } } /* writeable sockets can accept an HTTP request */ foreach ($write as $w) { $id = array_search($w, $sockets); fwrite($w, "HEAD / HTTP/1.0rnHost: " . $hosts[$id] . "rnrn"); $status[$id] = "waiting for response"; } } else { /* timed out waiting; assume that all hosts associated * with $sockets are faulty */ foreach ($sockets as $id => $s) { $status[$id] = "timed out " . $status[$id]; } break; }}foreach ($hosts as $id => $host) { echo "Host: $hostn"; echo "Status: " . $status[$id] . "nn";} ?>
我們用stream_select()等待sockets開啟的串連事件。stream_select()調用系統的select(2)函數來工作:前面三個參數是你要使用的streams的數組;你可以對其讀取,寫入和擷取異常(分別針對三個參數)。stream_select()可以通過設定$timeout(秒)參數來等待事件發生-事件發生時,相應的sockets資料將寫入你傳入的參數。
下面是PHP4.1.0之後版本的實現,如果你已經在編譯PHP時包含了sockets(ext/sockets)支援,你可以使用根上面類似的代碼,只是需要將上面的streams/filesystem函數的功能用ext/sockets函數實現。主要的不同在於我們用下面的函數代替stream_socket_client()來建立串連:
代碼如下
<?php// This value is correct for Linux, other systems have other valuesdefine('EINPROGRESS', 115);function non_blocking_connect($host, $port, &$errno, &$errstr, $timeout) { $ip = gethostbyname($host); $s = socket_create(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0); if (socket_set_nonblock($s)) { $r = @socket_connect($s, $ip, $port); if ($r || socket_last_error() == EINPROGRESS) { $errno = EINPROGRESS; return $s; } } $errno = socket_last_error($s); $errstr = socket_strerror($errno); socket_close($s); return false;}?>
現在用socket_select()替換掉stream_select(),用socket_read()替換掉fread(),用socket_write()替換掉fwrite(),用socket_close()替換掉fclose()就可以執行指令碼了!
PHP5的先進之處在於,你可以用stream_select()處理幾乎所有的stream-例如你可以通過include STDIN用它接收鍵盤輸入並儲存進數組,你還可以接收通過proc_open()開啟的管道中的資料。
下面來分享一個PHP多線程類
代碼如下
* @title: PHP多線程類(Thread) * @version: 1.0 * * PHP多線程應用樣本: * require_once 'thread.class.php'; * $thread = new thread(); * $thread->addthread('action_log','a'); * $thread->addthread('action_log','b'); * $thread->addthread('action_log','c'); * $thread->runthread(); * * function action_log($info) { * $log = 'log/' . microtime() . '.log'; * $txt = $info . "rnrn" . 'Set in ' . Date('h:i:s', time()) . (double)microtime() . "rn"; * $fp = fopen($log, 'w'); * fwrite($fp, $txt); * fclose($fp); * } */class thread { var $hooks = array(); var $args = array(); function thread() { } function addthread($func) { $args = array_slice(func_get_args(), 1); $this->hooks[] = $func; $this->args[] = $args; return true; } function runthread() { if(isset($_GET['flag'])) { $flag = intval($_GET['flag']); } if($flag || $flag === 0) { call_user_func_array($this->hooks[$flag], $this->args[$flag]); } else { for($i = 0, $size = count($this->hooks); $i < $size; $i++) { $fp=fsockopen($_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'],$_SERVER['SERVER_PORT']); if($fp) { $out = "GET {$_SERVER['PHP_SELF']}?flag=$i HTTP/1.1rn"; $out .= "Host: {$_SERVER['HTTP_HOST']}rn"; $out .= "Connection: Closernrn"; fputs($fp,$out); fclose($fp); } } } }}
希望本文所述對大家的PHP程式設計有所協助。