linux中製作PHP的RPM包教程

下面我們以製作php的rpm開始介紹其製作方法。以下操作在CentOS6.6 64位系統進行。

安裝rpm-build

[root@linuxeye.com SOURCES]# yum -y install rpm-build

建立工作車間目錄

[root@linuxeye.com SOURCES]# vim ~/.rpmmacros
%_topdir /root/rpmbuild
[root@linuxeye.com SOURCES]# mkdir -pv ~/rpmbuild/{BUILD,RPMS,SOURCES,SPECS,SRPMS}

在redhat下，rpm包的預設製作路徑在/usr/src/redhat下,但CentOS並沒有該目錄，因此，我們不得不自訂工作目錄，這其中包含了6個目錄（要求全部大寫）

BUILD：原始碼解壓以後放的位置
RPMS：製作完成後的rpm包存放目錄，為特定平台指定子目錄（x86_64）
SOURCES：收集的源檔案，源材料，補丁檔案等存放位置   
SPECS：存放spec檔案，作為製作rpm包的領崗檔案，以rpm名.spec
SRPMS：src格式的rpm包位置 ，既然是src格式的包，就沒有平台的概念了          
BuiltRoot：假根，使用install臨時安裝到這個目錄，把這個目錄當作根來用的，所以在這個目錄下的目錄檔案，才是真正的目錄檔案。當打包完成後，在清理階段，這個目錄將被刪除

[root@linuxeye.com SOURCES]# rpmbuild --showrc | grep topdir  #工作車間目錄：_topdir /root/rpmbuild
-14: _builddir  %{_topdir}/BUILD
-14: _buildrootdir      %{_topdir}/BUILDROOT
-14: _rpmdir    %{_topdir}/RPMS
-14: _sourcedir %{_topdir}/SOURCES
-14: _specdir   %{_topdir}/SPECS
-14: _srcrpmdir %{_topdir}/SRPMS
-14: _topdir    /root/rpmbuild

rpmbuild –showrc顯示所有的宏，以底線開頭，一個底線：定義環境的使用方式，二個底線：通常定義的是命令，為什麼要定義宏，因為不同的系統，命令的存放位置可能不同，所以通過宏的定義找到命令的真正存放位置

收集源碼檔案指令檔

[root@linuxeye.com SOURCES]# pwd
/root/rpmbuild/SOURCES
[root@linuxeye.com SOURCES]# ls
php-5.4.45.tar.gz
編寫SPEC檔案
[root@linuxeye.com SPEC]# pwd
/root/rpmbuild/SOURCES
[root@linuxeye.com SPEC]# vim php.spec #內容如下：
%define _user www
%define _group www
%define _prefix /usr/local/php

Name: php  #軟體包名稱
Version: 5.4.45  #版本號碼（不能使用-）
Release: 1%{?dist}   #release號，對應下面的changelog，如php-5.4.45-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
Summary: PHP is a server-side scripting language for creating dynamic Web pages  #簡要描述資訊，最好不要超過50個字元，如要詳述，使用下面的%description

Group: Development/Languages   #要全用這裡面的一個組：less /usr/share/doc/rpm-version/GROUPS
License: GPLv2  #軟體授權方式
URL: http://www.php.net  #源碼相關網站
Packager: yeho <lj2007331@gmail.com>  #打包人的資訊
Vendor: OneinStack  #發行商或打包組織的資訊
Source0: %{name}-%{version}.tar.gz  #原始碼包，可以帶多個用Source1、Source2等源，後面也可以用%{source1}、%{source2}引用
BuildRoot: %_topdir/BUILDROOT  #安裝或編譯時間使用的“虛擬目錄”

Requires: libmcrypt
Requires: mhash
Requires: mcrypt 
Requires: libiconv #定義php依賴的包，需要yum安裝(此處使用epel源)

%description  #軟體包詳述
PHP is a widely-used general-purpose scripting language that is especially suited for Web development and can be embedded into HTML.

%prep  #軟體編譯之前的處理，如解壓
%setup -q  #這個宏的作用靜默模式解壓並cd

%build  #開始編譯軟體
%configure --prefix=%{_prefix} --with-config-file-path=%{_prefix}/etc \
--with-fpm-user=%{_user} --with-fpm-group=%{_group} --enable-fpm --enable-fileinfo \
--with-mysql=mysqlnd --with-mysqli=mysqlnd --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd \
--with-iconv-dir=/usr/local --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib \
--with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-exif \
--enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --enable-mbregex --enable-inline-optimization \
--enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl \
--with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-xmlrpc --enable-ftp --enable-calendar \
--with-gettext --enable-zip --enable-soap --disable-ipv6 --disable-debug

make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv' %{?_smp_mflags}  #%{?_smp_mflags} 的意思是：如果就多處理器的話

make時並行編譯

%install  #開始安裝軟體，如make install
rm -rf %{buildroot}
make INSTALL_ROOT=%{buildroot} install
rm -rf %{buildroot}/{.channels,.depdb,.depdblock,.filemap,.lock,.registry}
%{__install} -p -D -m 0755 sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm %{buildroot}/etc/init.d/php-fpm
%{__install} -p -D -m 0644 php.ini-production %{buildroot}/%{_prefix}/etc/php.ini

#rpm安裝前執行的指令碼
%pre
echo '/usr/local/lib' > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/local.conf
/sbin/ldconfig
if [ $1 == 1 -a -z "`grep ^%{_user} /etc/passwd`" ]; then    # $1有3個值，代表動作，安裝類型，處理類型
    groupadd %{_group} -g 10000                              # 1：表示安裝
    useradd -u 10000 -g 10000 -m %{_user}                    # 2：表示升級
fi                                                           # 0：表示卸載

#rpm安裝後執行的指令碼
%post
if [ $1 == 1 ];then
    [ -z "`grep ^'export PATH=' /etc/profile`" ] && echo "export PATH=%{_prefix}/bin:\$PATH" >> /etc/profile
    [ -n "`grep ^'export PATH=' /etc/profile`" -a -z "`grep '%{_prefix}' /etc/profile`" ] && sed -i "s@^export PATH=\(.*\)@export PATH=%{_prefix}/bin:\1@" /etc/profile
    /sbin/chkconfig --add php-fpm
    /sbin/chkconfig php-fpm on
    Mem=`free -m | awk '/Mem:/{print $2}'`  #下面主要是參數的最佳化
    if [ $Mem -le 640 ];then
        Mem_level=512M
        Memory_limit=64
    elif [ $Mem -gt 640 -a $Mem -le 1280 ];then
        Mem_level=1G
        Memory_limit=128
    elif [ $Mem -gt 1280 -a $Mem -le 2500 ];then
        Mem_level=2G
        Memory_limit=192
    elif [ $Mem -gt 2500 -a $Mem -le 3500 ];then
        Mem_level=3G
        Memory_limit=256
    elif [ $Mem -gt 3500 -a $Mem -le 4500 ];then
        Mem_level=4G
        Memory_limit=320
    elif [ $Mem -gt 4500 -a $Mem -le 8000 ];then
        Mem_level=6G
        Memory_limit=384
    elif [ $Mem -gt 8000 ];then
        Mem_level=8G
        Memory_limit=448
    fi

    sed -i "s@^memory_limit.*@memory_limit = ${Memory_limit}M@" %{_prefix}/etc/php.ini
    sed -i 's@^output_buffering =@output_buffering = On\noutput_buffering =@' %{_prefix}/etc/php.ini
    sed -i 's@^;cgi.fix_pathinfo.*@cgi.fix_pathinfo=0@' %{_prefix}/etc/php.ini
    sed -i 's@^short_open_tag = Off@short_open_tag = On@' %{_prefix}/etc/php.ini
    sed -i 's@^expose_php = On@expose_php = Off@' %{_prefix}/etc/php.ini
    sed -i 's@^request_order.*@request_order = "CGP"@' %{_prefix}/etc/php.ini
    sed -i 's@^;date.timezone.*@date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai@' %{_prefix}/etc/php.ini
    sed -i 's@^post_max_size.*@post_max_size = 50M@' %{_prefix}/etc/php.ini
    sed -i 's@^upload_max_filesize.*@upload_max_filesize = 50M@' %{_prefix}/etc/php.ini
    sed -i 's@^;upload_tmp_dir.*@upload_tmp_dir = /tmp@' %{_prefix}/etc/php.ini
    sed -i 's@^max_execution_time.*@max_execution_time = 5@' %{_prefix}/etc/php.ini
    sed -i 's@^disable_functions.*@disable_functions = passthru,exec,system,chroot,chgrp,chown,shell_exec,proc_open,proc_get_status,ini_alter,ini_restore,dl,openlog,syslog,readlink,symlink,popepassthru,stream_socket_server,fsocket,popen@' %{_prefix}/etc/php.ini
    sed -i 's@^session.cookie_httponly.*@session.cookie_httponly = 1@' %{_prefix}/etc/php.ini
    sed -i 's@^mysqlnd.collect_memory_statistics.*@mysqlnd.collect_memory_statistics = On@' %{_prefix}/etc/php.ini

    cat > %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf <<EOF
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; FPM Configuration ;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; Global Options ;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

[global]
pid = run/php-fpm.pid
error_log = log/php-fpm.log
log_level = warning

emergency_restart_threshold = 30
emergency_restart_interval = 60s
process_control_timeout = 10s
daemonize = yes

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; Pool Definitions ;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

[%{_user}]
;listen = /dev/shm/php-cgi.sock
listen = 127.0.0.1:9000
listen.backlog = -1
listen.allowed_clients = 127.0.0.1
listen.owner = %{_user}
listen.group = %{_group}
listen.mode = 0666
user = %{_user}
group = %{_group}

pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 12
pm.start_servers = 8
pm.min_spare_servers = 6
pm.max_spare_servers = 12
pm.max_requests = 2048
pm.process_idle_timeout = 10s
request_terminate_timeout = 120
request_slowlog_timeout = 0

slowlog = log/slow.log
rlimit_files = 51200
rlimit_core = 0

catch_workers_output = yes
;env[HOSTNAME] = $HOSTNAME
env[PATH] = /usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin
env[TMP] = /tmp
env[TMPDIR] = /tmp
env[TEMP] = /tmp
EOF
    if [ $Mem -le 3000 ];then
        sed -i "s@^pm.max_children.*@pm.max_children = $(($Mem/2/20))@" %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
        sed -i "s@^pm.start_servers.*@pm.start_servers = $(($Mem/2/30))@" %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
        sed -i "s@^pm.min_spare_servers.*@pm.min_spare_servers = $(($Mem/2/40))@" %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
        sed -i "s@^pm.max_spare_servers.*@pm.max_spare_servers = $(($Mem/2/20))@" %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
    elif [ $Mem -gt 3000 -a $Mem -le 4500 ];then
        sed -i "s@^pm.max_children.*@pm.max_children = 80@" %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
        sed -i "s@^pm.start_servers.*@pm.start_servers = 50@" %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
        sed -i "s@^pm.min_spare_servers.*@pm.min_spare_servers = 40@" %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
        sed -i "s@^pm.max_spare_servers.*@pm.max_spare_servers = 80@" %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
    elif [ $Mem -gt 4500 -a $Mem -le 6500 ];then
        sed -i "s@^pm.max_children.*@pm.max_children = 90@" %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
        sed -i "s@^pm.start_servers.*@pm.start_servers = 60@" %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
        sed -i "s@^pm.min_spare_servers.*@pm.min_spare_servers = 50@" %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
        sed -i "s@^pm.max_spare_servers.*@pm.max_spare_servers = 90@" %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
    elif [ $Mem -gt 6500 -a $Mem -le 8500 ];then
        sed -i "s@^pm.max_children.*@pm.max_children = 100@" %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
        sed -i "s@^pm.start_servers.*@pm.start_servers = 70@" %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
        sed -i "s@^pm.min_spare_servers.*@pm.min_spare_servers = 60@" %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
        sed -i "s@^pm.max_spare_servers.*@pm.max_spare_servers = 100@" %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
    elif [ $Mem -gt 8500 ];then
        sed -i "s@^pm.max_children.*@pm.max_children = 120@" %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
        sed -i "s@^pm.start_servers.*@pm.start_servers = 80@" %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
        sed -i "s@^pm.min_spare_servers.*@pm.min_spare_servers = 70@" %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
        sed -i "s@^pm.max_spare_servers.*@pm.max_spare_servers = 120@" %{_prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
    fi

fi

#rpm卸載前執行的指令碼

%preun
if [ $1 == 0 ];then
    /etc/init.d/php-fpm stop > /dev/null 2>&1
    /sbin/chkconfig --del php-fpm
    if [ -e '/etc/profile.d/custom_profile_new.sh' ];then
        sed -i 's@%{_prefix}/bin:@@' /etc/profile.d/custom_profile_new.sh
    else
        sed -i 's@%{_prefix}/bin:@@' /etc/profile
    fi
fi

#%postun rpm卸載後執行的指令碼

%clean    #clean的主要作用就是刪除BUILD
rm -rf %{buildroot}

%files  #指定哪些檔案需要被打包，如/usr/local/php
%defattr(-,root,root,-)
%{_prefix}
%attr(0755,root,root) /etc/init.d/php-fpm

%changelog  #日誌改變段， 這一段主要描述軟體的開發記錄
* Sat Oct 24 2015 yeho <lj2007331@gmail.com> 5.4.45-1
- Initial version

下面是php-redis.spec

[root@linuxeye.com SOURCES]# pwd
/root/rpmbuild/SOURCES
[root@linuxeye.com SOURCES]# ls
redis-2.2.7.tgz
[root@linuxeye.com SOURCES]# cd ../SPEC
[root@linuxeye.com SPEC]# vim php-redis.spec
%global php_extdir %(/usr/local/php/bin/php-config --extension-dir 2>/dev/null || echo "undefined")

Name: php-redis
Version: 2.2.7
Release: 1%{?dist}
Summary: The phpredis extension provides an API for communicating with the Redis key-value store.

Group: Development/Languages
License: PHP
URL: http://pecl.php.net/package/redis
Source0: redis-%{version}.tgz
BuildRoot: %_topdir/BUILDROOT

Requires: php
BuildRequires: php >= 5.4.40

%description
The phpredis extension provides an API for communicating with the Redis key-value store.

%prep
%setup -q -n redis-%{version}

%build
/usr/local/php/bin/phpize
%configure
make %{?_smp_mflags}

%install
rm -rf %{buildroot}
mkdir -p %{buildroot}%{php_extdir}
make install INSTALL_ROOT=%{buildroot}
find %{buildroot} -name redis.so -exec /bin/mv {} %{buildroot}%{php_extdir} \;

#rpm安裝後執行的指令碼
%post
if [ $1 == 1 ];then
    [ -z "`grep '^extension_dir' /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini`" ] && echo "extension_dir = \"%{php_extdir}\"" >> /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
    sed -i 's@^extension_dir\(.*\)@extension_dir\1\nextension = "redis.so"@' /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
fi

#rpm卸載前執行的指令碼
%preun
if [ $1 == 0 ];then
    /etc/init.d/php-fpm stop > /dev/null 2>&1
    sed -i '/redis.so/d' /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
fi

#%postun rpm卸載後執行的指令碼
if [ $1 == 0 ];then
    /etc/init.d/php-fpm start > /dev/null 2>&1
fi

%clean
rm -rf %{buildroot}

%files
%defattr(-,root,root,-)
%{php_extdir}/redis.so

%changelog
* Sat Oct 24 2015 yeho <lj2007331@gmail.com> 2.2.7-1
- Initial version
編譯rpm包
[root@linuxeye.com SPEC]# rpmbuild -bb php.spec 製作php rpm二進位包
[root@linuxeye.com SPEC]# rpmbuild -bb php-redis.spec 製作php-redis rpm二進位包