Python基礎-XML模組

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xml是實現不同語言或程式之間進行資料交換的協議，跟json差不多，但json使用起來更簡單，不過，古時候，在json還沒誕生的黑暗年代，大家只能選擇用xml呀，至今很多傳統公司如金融行業的很多系統的介面還主要是xml。

1、xml的格式如下，就是通過<>節點來區別資料結構的:

<?xml version="1.0"?><data>    <country name="Liechtenstein">        <rank updated="yes">2</rank>        <year>2008</year>        <gdppc>141100</gdppc>        <neighbor name="Austria" direction="E"/>        <neighbor name="Switzerland" direction="W"/>    </country>    <country name="Singapore">        <rank updated="yes">5</rank>        <year>2011</year>        <gdppc>59900</gdppc>        <neighbor name="Malaysia" direction="N"/>    </country>    <country name="Panama">        <rank updated="yes">69</rank>        <year>2011</year>        <gdppc>13600</gdppc>        <neighbor name="Costa Rica" direction="W"/>        <neighbor name="Colombia" direction="E"/>    </country></data>

2、xml協議在各個語言裡的都 是支援的，在python中可以用以下模組操作xml 　　

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ETtree = ET.parse("xmltest.xml")root = tree.getroot()print(root.tag)#遍曆xml文檔for child in root:    print(child.tag, child.attrib)    for i in child:        print(i.tag,i.text)#只遍曆year 節點for node in root.iter(‘year‘):    print(node.tag,node.text)

修改和刪除xml文檔內容

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ETtree = ET.parse("xmltest.xml")root = tree.getroot()#修改for node in root.iter(‘year‘):    new_year = int(node.text) + 1    node.text = str(new_year)    node.set("updated","yes")tree.write("xmltest.xml")#刪除nodefor country in root.findall(‘country‘):   rank = int(country.find(‘rank‘).text)   if rank > 50:     root.remove(country)tree.write(‘output.xml‘)

3、自己建立xml文檔

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ETnew_xml = ET.Element("namelist")name = ET.SubElement(new_xml,"name",attrib={"enrolled":"yes"})age = ET.SubElement(name,"age",attrib={"checked":"no"})sex = ET.SubElement(name,"sex")sex.text = ‘33‘name2 = ET.SubElement(new_xml,"name",attrib={"enrolled":"no"})age = ET.SubElement(name2,"age")age.text = ‘19‘et = ET.ElementTree(new_xml) #產生文檔對象et.write("test.xml", encoding="utf-8",xml_declaration=True)ET.dump(new_xml) #列印產生的格式

Python基礎-XML模組