Python內建函數(9)——callable,pythoncallable
英文文檔:
callable(object)
Return True if the object argument appears callable, False if not. If this returns true, it is still possible that a call fails, but if it is false, calling object will never succeed. Note that classes are callable (calling a class returns a new instance); instances are callable if their class has a __call__() method.
說明:
1. 方法用來檢測對象是否可被調用,可被調用指的是對象能否使用()括弧的方法調用。
>>> callable(callable)
True
>>> callable(1)
False
>>> 1()
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<pyshell#5>", line 1, in <module>
1()
TypeError: 'int' object is not callable
>>>
2. 可調用對象,在實際調用也可能調用失敗;但是不可調用對象,調用肯定不成功。
3. 類對象都是可被調用對象,類的執行個體對象是否可調用對象,取決於類是否定義了__call__方法。
>>> class A: #定義類A pass>>> callable(A) #類A是可調用對象True>>> a = A() #調用類A>>> callable(a) #執行個體a不可調用False>>> a() #調用執行個體a失敗Traceback (most recent call last): File "<pyshell#31>", line 1, in <module> a()TypeError: 'A' object is not callable>>> class B: #定義類B def __call__(self): print('instances are callable now.') >>> callable(B) #類B是可調用對象True>>> b = B() #調用類B>>> callable(b) #執行個體b是可調用對象True>>> b() #調用執行個體b成功instances are callable now.