標籤：元素 篩選 python time style 檔案 pytho http body
1 html = """ 2 <html><head><title>The Dormouse‘s story</title></head> 3 <body> 4 <p class="title" name="dromouse"><b>The Dormouse‘s story</b></p> 5 <p class="story">Once upon a time there were three little sisters; and their names were 6 <a href="http://example.com/elsie" class="sister" id="link1"><!-- Elsie --></a>, 7 <a href="http://example.com/lacie" class="sister" id="link2">Lacie</a> and 8 <a href="http://example.com/tillie" class="sister" id="link3">Tillie</a>; 9 and they lived at the bottom of a well.</p>10 <p class="story">...</p>11 """
我們在寫 CSS 時，標籤名不加任何修飾，類名前加點，id名前加 #，在這裡我們也可以利用類似的方法來篩選元素，用到的方法是 soup.select()，傳回型別是 list
（1）通過標籤名尋找
print soup.select(‘title‘) #[<title>The Dormouse‘s story</title>] print soup.select(‘a‘)#[<a class="sister" href="http://example.com/elsie" id="link1"><!-- Elsie --></a>, <a class="sister" href="http://example.com/lacie" id="link2">Lacie</a>, <a class="sister" href="http://example.com/tillie" id="link3">Tillie</a>] print soup.select(‘b‘)#[<b>The Dormouse‘s story</b>]
（2）通過類名尋找
print soup.select(‘.sister‘)#[<a class="sister" href="http://example.com/elsie" id="link1"><!-- Elsie --></a>, <a class="sister" href="http://example.com/lacie" id="link2">Lacie</a>, <a class="sister" href="http://example.com/tillie" id="link3">Tillie</a>]
（3）通過 id 名尋找
print soup.select(‘#link1‘)#[<a class="sister" href="http://example.com/elsie" id="link1"><!-- Elsie --></a>]
（4）組合尋找
組合尋找即和寫 class 檔案時，標籤名與類名、id名進行的組合原理是一樣的，例如尋找 p 標籤中，id 等於 link1的內容，二者需要用空格分開
print soup.select(‘p #link1‘)#[<a class="sister" href="http://example.com/elsie" id="link1"><!-- Elsie --></a>]
直接子標籤尋找
print soup.select("head > title")#[<title>The Dormouse‘s story</title>]
（5）屬性尋找
尋找時還可以加入屬性元素，屬性需要用中括弧括起來，注意屬性和標籤屬於同一節點，所以中間不能加空格，否則會無法匹配到。
print soup.select("head > title")#[<title>The Dormouse‘s story</title>] print soup.select(‘a[href="http://example.com/elsie"]‘)#[<a class="sister" href="http://example.com/elsie" id="link1"><!-- Elsie --></a>]
同樣，屬性仍然可以與上述尋找方式組合，不在同一節點的空格隔開，同一節點的不加空格
print soup.select(‘p a[href="http://example.com/elsie"]‘)#[<a class="sister" href="http://example.com/elsie" id="link1"><!-- Elsie --></a>]
python爬蟲：BeautifulSoup 使用select方法詳解
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