python實現圖片驗證碼

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1 驗證基礎知識
1.1 Python產生隨機驗證碼，需要使用PIL模組.

# 安裝pip3 install pillow

1.2 建立圖片

from PIL import Imageimg = Image.new(mode="RGB", size=(120, 30), color=(125, 255, 255))# 儲存圖片到本地with open("code.png",‘wb‘) as f:img.save(f,format="png")

1.3 建立畫筆

from PIL import Imagefrom PIL import ImageDrawimg = Image.new(mode="RGB", size=(120, 30), color=(255,255,255))draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img, mode="RGB")

1.4 畫點

from PIL import Imagefrom PIL import ImageDrawimg = Image.new(mode="RGB", size=(120, 30), color=(255,255,255))draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img, mode="RGB")# 第一個參數：表示座標# 第二個參數：表示顏色draw.point([100,20], fill="red")draw.point([50,10], fill=(255, 135, 255))with open("code.png",‘wb‘) as f:img.save(f,format="png")

1.5 畫線

from PIL import Imagefrom PIL import ImageDrawimg = Image.new(mode="RGB", size=(120, 30), color=(255,255,255))draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img, mode="RGB")# 第一個參數：表示起始座標和結束座標# 第二個參數：表示顏色draw.line((10, 10, 10, 30), fill="red")draw.line((10, 10, 30, 10), fill=(255, 135, 255))with open("code.png",‘wb‘) as f:img.save(f,format="png")

1.6 畫圓

from PIL import Imagefrom PIL import ImageDrawimg = Image.new(mode="RGB", size=(150, 150), color=(255,255,255))draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img, mode="RGB")# 第一個參數：表示起始座標和結束座標(圓要畫在中間)# 第二個參數：表示開始角度# 第三個參數：表示結束角度# 第四個參數：表示顏色draw.arc((50, 50, 100, 100), 0, 360, fill="red")with open("code.png",‘wb‘) as f:img.save(f,format="png")

1.7 寫文本

from PIL import Imagefrom PIL import ImageDrawimg = Image.new(mode="RGB", size=(120, 30), color=(255,255,255))draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img, mode="RGB")# 第一個參數：表示起始座標# 第二個參數：表示寫入內容# 第三個參數：表示顏色draw.text([20, 10], "python", fill="red")with open("code.png",‘wb‘) as f:img.save(f,format="png")

1.8 設定特殊字型

from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFontimg = Image.new(mode="RGB", size=(120, 30), color=(255,255,255))draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img, mode="RGB")# 第一個參數：表示字型路徑# 第二個參數：表示字型大小font = ImageFont.truetype("kumo.ttf", 25)# 第一個參數：表示起始座標# 第二個參數：表示寫入內容# 第三個參數：表示顏色# 第四個參數：表示字型draw.text([30, 0], "python", fill="red", font=font)with open("code.png",‘wb‘) as f:img.save(f,format="png")

2 應用

2.1 應用方法

import randomfrom io import BytesIOfrom PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFontdef check_code(width=120, height=30, char_length=5, font_file=‘kumo.ttf‘, font_size=28):    f = BytesIO()    img = Image.new(mode=‘RGB‘, size=(width, height),                    color=(random.randint(50, 250), random.randint(50, 255), random.randint(50, 255)))    draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img, mode=‘RGB‘)    char_list = []    # 畫字    for i in range(char_length):        char = random.choice([chr(random.randint(65, 90)), str(random.randint(1, 9)), chr(random.randint(97, 122)), ])        font = ImageFont.truetype("blog/static/fonts/"+font_file, font_size)        draw.text([i * 24, 0], char, (random.randint(200, 255), random.randint(0, 50), random.randint(0, 50)),                  font=font)        char_list.append(char)    def rndColor():        """        產生隨機顏色        :return:        """        return (random.randint(0, 255), random.randint(10, 255), random.randint(64, 255))    # 寫幹擾點    for i in range(40):        draw.point([random.randint(0, width), random.randint(0, height)], fill=rndColor())    # 寫幹擾圓圈    for i in range(40):        draw.point([random.randint(0, width), random.randint(0, height)], fill=rndColor())        x = random.randint(0, width)        y = random.randint(0, height)        draw.arc((x, y, x + 4, y + 4), 0, 90, fill=rndColor())    # 畫幹擾線    for i in range(5):        x1 = random.randint(0, width)        y1 = random.randint(0, height)        x2 = random.randint(0, width)        y2 = random.randint(0, height)        draw.line((x1, y1, x2, y2), fill=rndColor())    img.save(f, "png")    data = f.getvalue()    s_code = ‘‘.join(char_list)    return data,s_code

2.2 調用方法

def get_valid_img(request):    ‘‘‘    登入和註冊的驗證碼    :param request:    :return:    ‘‘‘    data,s_code = check_code()    request.session["valid_code"] = s_code    return HttpResponse(data)

python實現圖片驗證碼