昨天使用python寫了操作嵌入式資料庫SQLite的方法,今天用python寫了針對個人比較熟悉的開來源資料庫PostgreSQL的常用操作,開發過程簡介如下:
一、環境資訊:
1、作業系統:
RedHat Enterprise Linux 4
Windows XP SP2
2、資料庫:
PostgreSQL8.3
3、 開發工具:
Eclipse+Pydev+python2.6+PyGreSQL(提供pg模組)
4、說明:
a、PostgreSQL資料庫運行於RedHat Linux上,Windows下也要安裝pgAdmin(訪問PostgreSQL伺服器的用戶端)。
b、PyGreSQL(即pg)模組下載路徑及API手冊:http://www.pygresql.org/
二、配置:
1、將pgAdmin安裝路徑下以下子目錄添加到系統內容變數中:
E:\Program Files\PostgreSQL\8.3\lib
E:\Program Files\PostgreSQL\8.3\bin
2、將python安裝目錄C:\Python26\Lib\site-packages\pywin32_system32下的dll檔案拷貝到C:\WINDOWS\system32
3、說明:
a. 如果跳過以上兩步,在import pg時將會報錯,浪費較長時間才搞定。
b. 如果對PostgreSQL安裝和配置不熟悉,請參考本部落格中以下幾篇文章:
《RedHat Linux上安裝PostgreSQL》
《PostgreSQL服務端監聽設定及用戶端串連方法》
《PostgreSQL資料庫建立、刪除方法》
更多PostgreSQL相關知識請訪問從我的部落格專欄:PostgreSQL系列
三、程式實現:
#!/usr/bin/env python# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-#匯入日誌及pg模組import loggingimport logging.configimport pg#日誌設定檔名LOG_FILENAME = 'logging.conf'#日誌語句提示資訊LOG_CONTENT_NAME = 'pg_log'def log_init(log_config_filename, logname): ''' Function:日誌模組初始化函數 Input:log_config_filename:日誌設定檔名 lognmae:每條日誌前的提示句 Output: logger author: socrates date:2012-02-12 ''' logging.config.fileConfig(log_config_filename) logger = logging.getLogger(logname) return loggerdef operate_postgre_tbl_product(): ''' Function:操作pg資料庫函數 Input:NONE Output: NONE author: socrates date:2012-02-12 ''' pgdb_logger.debug("operate_postgre_tbl_product enter...") #串連資料庫 try: pgdb_conn = pg.connect(dbname = 'kevin_test', host = '192.168.230.128', user = 'dyx1024', passwd = '888888') except Exception, e: print e.args[0] pgdb_logger.error("conntect postgre database failed, ret = %s" % e.args[0]) return pgdb_logger.info("conntect postgre database(kevin_test) succ.") #刪除表 sql_desc = "DROP TABLE IF EXISTS tbl_product3;" try: pgdb_conn.query(sql_desc) except Exception, e: print 'drop table failed' pgdb_logger.error("drop table failed, ret = %s" % e.args[0]) pgdb_conn.close() return pgdb_logger.info("drop table(tbl_product3) succ.") #建立表 sql_desc = '''CREATE TABLE tbl_product3( i_index INTEGER, sv_productname VARCHAR(32) );''' try: pgdb_conn.query(sql_desc) except Exception, e: print 'create table failed' pgdb_logger.error("create table failed, ret = %s" % e.args[0]) pgdb_conn.close() return pgdb_logger.info("create table(tbl_product3) succ.") #插入記錄 sql_desc = "INSERT INTO tbl_product3(sv_productname) values('apple')" try: pgdb_conn.query(sql_desc) except Exception, e: print 'insert record into table failed' pgdb_logger.error("insert record into table failed, ret = %s" % e.args[0]) pgdb_conn.close() return pgdb_logger.info("insert record into table(tbl_product3) succ.") #查詢表 1 sql_desc = "select * from tbl_product3" for row in pgdb_conn.query(sql_desc).dictresult(): print row pgdb_logger.info("%s", row) #查詢表2 sql_desc = "select * from tbl_test_port" for row in pgdb_conn.query(sql_desc).dictresult(): print row pgdb_logger.info("%s", row) #關閉資料庫連接 pgdb_conn.close() pgdb_logger.debug("operate_sqlite3_tbl_product leaving...") if __name__ == '__main__': #初始化日誌系統 pgdb_logger = log_init(LOG_FILENAME, LOG_CONTENT_NAME) #操作資料庫 operate_postgre_tbl_product()
四、測試:
1、運行後命令列列印結果:
{'sv_productname': 'apple', 'i_index': None}{'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 2, 'i_index': 1}{'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 3, 'i_index': 2}{'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 5, 'i_index': 3}{'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 0, 'i_index': 5}{'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 18, 'i_index': 7}{'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 8, 'i_index': 8}{'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 7, 'i_index': 9}{'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 21, 'i_index': 10}{'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 23, 'i_index': 11}{'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 29, 'i_index': 12}{'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 3000, 'i_index': 4}{'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 1999, 'i_index': 6}
2、記錄檔內容:
[2012-02-12 18:09:53,536 pg_log]DEBUG: operate_postgre_tbl_product enter... (test_func.py:36)[2012-02-12 18:09:53,772 pg_log]INFO: conntect postgre database(kevin_test) succ. (test_func.py:46)[2012-02-12 18:09:53,786 pg_log]INFO: drop table(tbl_product3) succ. (test_func.py:58)[2012-02-12 18:09:53,802 pg_log]INFO: create table(tbl_product3) succ. (test_func.py:73)[2012-02-12 18:09:53,802 pg_log]INFO: insert record into table(tbl_product3) succ. (test_func.py:85)[2012-02-12 18:09:53,802 pg_log]INFO: {'sv_productname': 'apple', 'i_index': None} (test_func.py:91)[2012-02-12 18:09:53,802 pg_log]INFO: {'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 2, 'i_index': 1} (test_func.py:97)[2012-02-12 18:09:53,802 pg_log]INFO: {'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 3, 'i_index': 2} (test_func.py:97)[2012-02-12 18:09:53,802 pg_log]INFO: {'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 5, 'i_index': 3} (test_func.py:97)[2012-02-12 18:09:53,802 pg_log]INFO: {'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 0, 'i_index': 5} (test_func.py:97)[2012-02-12 18:09:53,819 pg_log]INFO: {'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 18, 'i_index': 7} (test_func.py:97)[2012-02-12 18:09:53,819 pg_log]INFO: {'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 8, 'i_index': 8} (test_func.py:97)[2012-02-12 18:09:53,819 pg_log]INFO: {'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 7, 'i_index': 9} (test_func.py:97)[2012-02-12 18:09:53,819 pg_log]INFO: {'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 21, 'i_index': 10} (test_func.py:97)[2012-02-12 18:09:53,819 pg_log]INFO: {'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 23, 'i_index': 11} (test_func.py:97)[2012-02-12 18:09:53,819 pg_log]INFO: {'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 29, 'i_index': 12} (test_func.py:97)[2012-02-12 18:09:53,819 pg_log]INFO: {'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 3000, 'i_index': 4} (test_func.py:97)[2012-02-12 18:09:53,819 pg_log]INFO: {'i_status': 1, 'i_port': 1999, 'i_index': 6} (test_func.py:97)[2012-02-12 18:09:53,819 pg_log]DEBUG: operate_sqlite3_tbl_product leaving... (test_func.py:101)
3、psql查看結果:
[root@kevin ~]# su - postgres[postgres@kevin ~]$ psql -U dyx1024 -d kevin_testpsql (8.4.2)Type "help" for help.kevin_test=# \dt List of relations Schema | Name | Type | Owner --------+---------------+-------+---------------- public | tbl_product3 | table | dyx1024 public | tbl_test_port | table | pg_test_user_3(2 rows)kevin_test=# select * from tbl_product3; i_index | sv_productname ---------+---------------- | apple(1 row)kevin_test=# select * from tbl_test_port; i_index | i_port | i_status ---------+--------+---------- 1 | 2 | 1 2 | 3 | 1 3 | 5 | 1 5 | 0 | 1 7 | 18 | 1 8 | 8 | 1 9 | 7 | 1 10 | 21 | 1 11 | 23 | 1 12 | 29 | 1 4 | 3000 | 1 6 | 1999 | 1(12 rows)kevin_test=# \q[postgres@kevin ~]$