python 提取檔案的小程式

以前提取這些檔案用的是一同事些的批次檔；用起來不怎麼順手，剛好最近在學些python，所有就自己動手寫了一個python提取檔案的小程式；
1、原理
提取檔案的原理很簡單，就是到一個指定的目錄，找出最後修改時間大於給定時間的檔案，然後將他們複製到目標目錄，目標目錄的結構必須和原始目錄一致，這樣工程人員拿到後就可以直接覆蓋整個目錄；
2、實現
為了程式的通用，我定義了下面的設定檔
config.xml 複製代碼 代碼如下:<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<config>
<srcdir>E:\temp\home\cargill</srcdir>
<destdir>E:\temp\dest\cargill</destdir>
<notinclude>
<dirs>
<dir>E:\temp\home\cargill\WEB-INF\lib</dir>
<dir>E:\temp\home\cargill\static\cargill\report</dir>
</dirs>
<files>
<file>E:\temp\home\cargill\WEB-INF\classes\myrumba.xml</file>
<file>E:\temp\home\cargill\META-INF\context.xml</file>
</files>
</notinclude>
<inittime>2008-10-11 13:15:22</inittime>
<rardir>C:\Program Files\WinRAR</rardir>
</config>

其中
<srcdir>：原始目錄，即我們tomcat的發布目錄；
<destdir>：檔案複製到得目標目錄；
<notinclude>：需要忽略的檔案夾和檔案，具體需要忽略的內容在其子節點中定義，這裡不在解釋；
<inittime>：這個是初始化需要提取的時間點，在這之後的才會提取，此處需要說明，後來在使用中，我增加了一個功能，就是每次提取完會自動將本次提取時間記錄到一個文字檔C_UPGRADETIME.txt中，這就省去每次設定這個值的煩惱，只有C_UPGRADETIME.txt為空白或者不存在時，才會用到這個值；
<rardir>：rar壓縮程式的地址；
下面是讀取設定檔的類：
config.py 複製代碼 代碼如下:'''
Created on Mar 3, 2009
@author: alex cheng
'''
from xml.dom.minidom import parse, parseString
import datetime
import time
class config(object):
'''
config.xml
'''
def __init__(self, configfile):
'''
configfile:config files
'''
dom = parse(configfile)
self.config_element = dom.getElementsByTagName("config")[0]
def getSrcDir(self):
'''
return the <srcdir> element value of self.config_element
'''
srcDir = self.config_element.getElementsByTagName("srcdir")[0]
return self.getText(srcDir.childNodes)
def getDestDir(self):
'''
return the <destdir> element value of self.config_element
'''
destDir = self.config_element.getElementsByTagName("destdir")[0]
return self.getText(destDir.childNodes)
def getNotIncludeDirs(self):
'''
return a list, it's the <dir> element values of self_config_element
'''
notinclude_dirs = self.config_element.getElementsByTagName("dir")
dirList = []
for node in notinclude_dirs:
dir = self.getText(node.childNodes)
if dir != '':
dirList.append(dir)
return dirList
def getNotIncludeFiles(self):
'''
return a list, it's the <file> element values of self.config_element
'''
notinclude_files = self.config_element.getElementsByTagName("file")
fileList = []
for node in notinclude_files:
file = self.getText(node.childNodes)
if file != '':
fileList.append(file)
return fileList
def getText(self, nodeList):
'''
return the text value of the nodeList node
'''
rc = ''
for node in nodeList:
if node.nodeType == node.TEXT_NODE:
rc = rc + node.data
return rc
def getInitTime(self):
'''
return a datetime object,it's the <inittime> element value of self.config_element
'''
initTime = self.config_element.getElementsByTagName("inittime")[0]
timeStr = self.getText(initTime.childNodes)
dt = datetime.datetime.strptime(timeStr, "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
fdt = time.mktime(dt.utctimetuple())
return fdt
def getWinRarDir(self):
'''
return the value of <rardir> element value
'''
rardir = self.config_element.getElementsByTagName('rardir')[0]
return self.getText(rardir.childNodes)
if __name__ == '__main__':
c = config('config.xml')
home = c.getSrcDir()
print('home is ', home)
dest = c.getDestDir()
print('dest is ', dest)
dirlist = c.getNotIncludeDirs()
print('not include directory is:')
for n in dirlist:
print(n)
filelist = c.getNotIncludeFiles()
print('not include files is:')
for n in filelist:
print(n)
inittime = c.getInitTime()
print('inittime is', inittime)
rardir = c.getWinRarDir()
print(rardir)

下面是程式的主體：
fetchfile.py 複製代碼 代碼如下:'''
Created on Mar 3, 2009
@author: alex cheng
'''
from config import config
from os import chdir, listdir, makedirs, system, walk, remove, rmdir, unlink, \
removedirs, stat, getcwd
from os.path import abspath, isfile, isdir, join as join_path, exists
from shutil import copy2
from sys import path
import datetime
import re
import time
def getdestdir(dir):
'''
return the dest directory name;
it's named by date,for example 20090101; if 20090101 has exist the return 20090101(1),if 20090101(1) has exist also,
then return 20090101(2), and then...
'''
today = datetime.datetime.today()
strtoday = today.strftime('%Y%m%d')
dr = join_path(dir, strtoday)
tmp = dr
index = 0
while isdir(tmp):
tmp = dr
index = index + 1
tmp = tmp + '(' + '%d' % index + ')'
return tmp
def fetchFiles(srcdir, destdir, ignoredirs, ignorefiles, lasttime=time.mktime(datetime.datetime(2000, 1, 1).utctimetuple())):
'''
fetch files from srcdir(source directory) to destdir(dest directory) ignore the notcopydires(the ignore directory list)
and notcopyfiles(the ignore file list), and the file and directory's modify time after the lasttime
'''
chdir(srcdir) # change the current directory to the srcdir
dirs = listdir('.') # get all files and directorys in srcdir, but ignore the "." and ".."
dirlist = [] # save all directorys in srcdir
for n in dirs:
if isdir(n):
dirlist.append(n)
for subdir in dirlist:
exist = False
for ignoredir in ignoredirs:
if join_path(srcdir, subdir) == ignoredir:
exist = True
break
if exist:
continue
fetchFiles(join_path(srcdir, subdir), join_path(destdir, subdir), ignoredirs, ignorefiles, lasttime)
copyfiles(srcdir, destdir, ignorefiles, lasttime)
def copyfiles(srcdir, destdir, ignorefiles, lasttime):
'''
copy the files from srcdir(source directory) to destdir(dest directory, if dest directory not exist then create is)
ignore the notcopyfiles(the ignore file list) and the file's modify time must after lasttime
'''
chdir(srcdir)
files = filter(isfile, listdir('.'))
for file in files:
if isdir(file): # ignore the directory
continue
lastmodify = stat(file).st_mtime
if lastmodify < lasttime:
continue
exist = False
for ignorefile in ignorefiles:
if join_path(srcdir, file) == ignorefile:
exist = True
if not exist:
if isdir(destdir) is False:
try:
makedirs(destdir)
print('success create directory:', destdir)
except:
raise Exception('failed create directory: ' + destdir)
try:
copy2(file, join_path(destdir, file))
print('success copy file from', join_path(srcdir, file), 'to', join_path(destdir, file))
except:
raise Exception('failed copy file from ' + join_path(srcdir, file) + ' to ' + join_path(destdir, file))

def tarfiles(dir, todir, winrardir, tarfilename):
'''
tar all files in dir(a directory) to todir(dest directory) and the tar file named tarfilename
'''
if isdir(dir) is False:
print('the directory', dir, 'not exist')
return
chdir(dir)
commond = '\"' + winrardir + '\\rar.exe\" a -r ' + todir + '\\' + tarfilename + ' *.*'
print(commond)
if system(commond) == 0:
print('success tar files')
else:
print('failed tar files')

def removeDir(dir_file, currentdir):
'''
delete the dir_file
'''
if isdir(currentdir) is False:
print()
return
chdir(currentdir)
if not exists(dir_file):
return
if isdir(dir_file):
for root, dirs, files in walk(dir_file, topdown=False):
for name in files:
remove(join_path(root, name))
for name in dirs:
rmdir(join_path(root, name))
rmdir(dir_file) # remove the main dir
else:
unlink(dir_file)
return
def getlasttime():
'''
get last modify time from txt files
'''
try:
mypath = abspath(path[0]) #get current path
file = join_path(mypath, 'C_UPGRADETIME.txt')
if isfile(file) is False:
return 0
f = open(join_path(mypath, 'C_UPGRADETIME.txt'), 'r')
lines = f.readlines()
if len(lines) == 0:
return 0
line = lines[ - 1]

dt = datetime.datetime.strptime(line, "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
lasttime = time.mktime(dt.utctimetuple())
f.close()
return lasttime
except:
print('failed to get last modify time from txt file')
return 0
def registtime():
nowstr = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S', time.localtime(time.time()))
nowfloat = time.time()
mypath = abspath(path[0]) # get current path
f = open(join_path(mypath, 'C_UPGRADETIME.txt'), 'a')
f.write('\n' + nowstr)
f.close()
def main():
c = config('config.xml')
home = c.getSrcDir()
dest = c.getDestDir()
ignoreDirs = c.getNotIncludeDirs()
ignoreFiles = c.getNotIncludeFiles()
winRarDir = c.getWinRarDir()

dest = getdestdir(dest)# get current dest directory

print ('copy all files to the temp directory ignore last fetch time')
fetchFiles(home, join_path(dest, 'temp'), ignoreDirs, ignoreFiles)

print('tar the all files')
tarfiles(join_path(dest, 'temp'), dest, winRarDir, 'CargillUpdate_ALL.rar')

print('program sleep 20 seconds to finish the tar thread')
time.sleep(20)

print('remove the temp directory...')
removeDir(join_path(dest, 'temp'), dest)
print('success remove the temp directory')
lasttime = getlasttime() # get last modify time from txt files
if lasttime == 0:
lasttime = c.getInitTime()
print ('copy all files to the temp2 directory last modify time after last fetch time')
fetchFiles(home, join_path(dest, 'temp2'), ignoreDirs, ignoreFiles, lasttime)

print('tar the all files')
tarfiles(join_path(dest, 'temp2'), dest, winRarDir, 'CargillUpdate.rar')
print('program sleep 20 seconds to finish the tar thread')
time.sleep(20)

print('remove the temp2 directory...')
removeDir(join_path(dest, 'temp2'), dest)
print('success remove the temp2 directory')

registtime() # regist current time
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()