python支援中文

環境：python 2.7.*

做法：

在.py檔案中，要加

# -*- coding:utf-9 -*-

如果要支援中文，必須在中文前面加u，如u‘我是pythoner’

解釋：
>>> test1 = "我是pythoner"

>>> test2 = u"我是pythoner"

>>> test1
'\xe6\x88\x91\xe6\x98\xafpythoner'
>>> test2
u'\u6211\u662fpythoner'

>>> test11 = test1.encode('gb2312')
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xe6 in position 0: ordinal not in range(128)
>>> test12 = test1.encode('utf-8')
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xe6 in position 0: ordinal not in range(128)
>>> test13 = test1.decode('utf-8')
>>> test13
u'\u6211\u662fpythoner'
>>> test14 = test1.decode('gb2312')
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
UnicodeDecodeError: 'gb2312' codec can't decode bytes in position 0-1: illegal multibyte sequence

>>> test15 = test1.decode('utf-8').encode('utf-8')
>>> test15
'\xe6\x88\x91\xe6\x98\xafpythoner'
>>> test16 = test1.decode('utf-8').encode('gb2312')
>>> test16
'\xce\xd2\xca\xc7pythoner'

>>> test21 = test2.encode('gb2312')
>>> test21
'\xce\xd2\xca\xc7pythoner'
>>> test22 = test21.decode('gb2312')
>>> test22
u'\u6211\u662fpythoner'
>>> test23 = test2.encode('gb18030')
>>> test23
'\xce\xd2\xca\xc7pythoner'
>>> test24 = test23.decode('gb2312')
>>> test24
u'\u6211\u662fpythoner'

>>> test25 = test23.decode('utf-8')
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/encodings/utf_8.py", line 16, in decode
    return codecs.utf_8_decode(input, errors, True)
UnicodeEncodeError: 'ascii' codec can't encode characters in position 0-1: ordinal not in range(128)

結論：

        本來是gb2312碼，只能解碼為utf-8 ，後編碼為gb18030碼

        本來是utf-8碼，編碼為其他碼，解碼的時候，也要為相應的碼。