python之wxPython菜單使用詳解_python

本文執行個體講述了python中wxPython菜單的使用方法，分享給大家供大家參考。具體如下：

先來看看下面這段代碼:

import wx APP_EXIT=1  #定義一個控制項ID  class Example(wx.Frame):   def __init__(self, parent, id, title):     super(Example,self).__init__(parent, id, title)    #調用你類的初始化      self.InitUI()      #調用自身的函數    def InitUI(self):  #自訂的函數,完成菜單的設定      menubar = wx.MenuBar()    #產生功能表列     filemenu = wx.Menu()    #產生一個菜單       qmi = wx.MenuItem(filemenu, APP_EXIT, "Quit")   #產生一個功能表項目     qmi.SetBitmap(wx.Bitmap("2.bmp"))    #給功能表項目前面加個小表徵圖     filemenu.AppendItem(qmi)      #把功能表項目加入到菜單中      menubar.Append(filemenu, "&File")    #把菜單加入到功能表列中     self.SetMenuBar(menubar)      #把功能表列加入到Frame架構中      self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.OnQuit, id=APP_EXIT)  #給功能表項目加入事件處理      self.SetSize((300, 200))      #設定下Frame的大小,標題,和置中對齊     self.SetTitle("simple menu")     self.Centre()      self.Show(True)    #顯示架構    def OnQuit(self, e):  #自訂函數　響應功能表項目　　     self.Close()  def main():    ex = wx.App()      #產生一個應用程式   Example(None, id=-1, title="main")  #調用我們的類   ex.MainLoop()#訊息迴圈  if __name__ == "__main__":   main() 

運行效果如下圖所示：

這裡再來解釋下幾個API，官方文檔如下：

wxMenuItem* wxMenu::AppendSeparator()

Adds a separator to the end of the menu.
See also:
Append(), InsertSeparator()

wxMenuItem::wxMenuItem ( wxMenu *  parentMenu = NULL,
     int  id = wxID_SEPARATOR,
     const wxString &  text = wxEmptyString,
     const wxString &  helpString = wxEmptyString,
    wxItemKind  kind = wxITEM_NORMAL,
    wxMenu *  subMenu = NULL 
  )

Constructs a wxMenuItem object.
Menu items can be standard, or "stock menu items", or custom. For the standard menu items (such as commands to open a file, exit the program and so on, see Stock items for the full list) it is enough to specify just the stock ID and leave text and helpString empty. Some platforms (currently wxGTK only, and see the remark in SetBitmap() documentation) will also show standard bitmaps for stock menu items.
Leaving at least text empty for the stock menu items is actually strongly recommended as they will have appearance and keyboard interface (including standard accelerators) familiar to the user.
For the custom (non-stock) menu items, text must be specified and while helpString may be left empty, it's recommended to pass the item description (which is automatically shown by the library in the status bar when the menu item is selected) in this parameter.
Finally note that you can e.g. use a stock menu label without using its stock help string:
       
 // use all stock properties:
        helpMenu->Append(wxID_ABOUT);

        // use the stock label and the stock accelerator but not the stock help string:
        helpMenu->Append(wxID_ABOUT, "", "My custom help string");

        // use all stock properties except for the bitmap:
        wxMenuItem *mymenu = new wxMenuItem(helpMenu, wxID_ABOUT);
        mymenu->SetBitmap(wxArtProvider::GetBitmap(wxART_WARNING));
        helpMenu->Append(mymenu);
that is, stock properties are set independently one from the other.

Parameters:
  parentMenu  Menu that the menu item belongs to. Can be NULL if the item is going to be added to the menu later.
  id  Identifier for this menu item. May be wxID_SEPARATOR, in which case the given kind is ignored and taken to be wxITEM_SEPARATOR instead.
  text  Text for the menu item, as shown on the menu. See SetItemLabel() for more info.
  helpString  Optional help string that will be shown on the status bar.
  kind  May be wxITEM_SEPARATOR, wxITEM_NORMAL, wxITEM_CHECK or wxITEM_RADIO.
  subMenu  If non-NULL, indicates that the menu item is a submenu.

wxMenuItem* wxMenu::Append (  int  id,
     const wxString &  item = wxEmptyString,
     const wxString &  helpString = wxEmptyString,
    wxItemKind  kind = wxITEM_NORMAL 
  )     
Adds a menu item.
Parameters:
  id  The menu command identifier.
  item  The string to appear on the menu item. See wxMenuItem::SetItemLabel() for more details.
  helpString  An optional help string associated with the item. By default, the handler for the wxEVT_MENU_HIGHLIGHT event displays this string in the status line.
  kind  May be wxITEM_SEPARATOR, wxITEM_NORMAL, wxITEM_CHECK or wxITEM_RADIO.

Example:
        m_pFileMenu->Append(ID_NEW_FILE, "&New file\tCTRL+N", "Creates a new XYZ document");
or even better for stock menu items (see wxMenuItem::wxMenuItem):
        m_pFileMenu->Append(wxID_NEW, "", "Creates a new XYZ document");
Remarks:
This command can be used after the menu has been shown, as well as on initial creation of a menu or menubar.

希望本文所述對大家的Python程式設計有所協助。