Real-Time SQL Monitoring using DBMS_SQLTUNE,dbmssqltune
Real-Time SQL Monitoring reports are available from three locations:
- Enterprise Manager - Click the "Performance" tab, then the "SQL Monitoring" link at the bottom-right of the page to display the "Monitored SQL Executions" screen. Click the
SQL_ID
of interest to display the SQL monitoring report.
- SQL Developer - Available from the "Tools > Monitor SQL" menu.
- DBMS_SQLTUNE package.
In this article I will demonstrate the use of the DBMS_SQLTUNE
package to display SQL monitoring reports without using Enterprise Manager or SQL Developer. This article has been updated to include additional functionality introduced in Oracle 11g Release 2.
- Introduction
- MONITOR Hint
- REPORT_SQL_MONITOR
- REPORT_SQL_MONITOR_LIST
- REPORT_SQL_DETAIL
- Active HTML Reports Offline
- Views
Related articles.
- Explain Plan Usage
- DBMS_XPLAN : Display Oracle Execution Plans
- SQL trace, 10046, trcsess and tkprof in Oracle
Introduction
Oracle 11g automatically monitors SQL statements if they are run in parallel, or consume 5 or more seconds of CPU or I/O in a single execution. This allows resource intensive SQL to be monitored as it is executing, as well as giving access to detailed information about queries once they are complete.
SQL monitoring requires the STATISTICS_LEVEL
parameter to be set to 'TYPICAL' or 'ALL', and the CONTROL_MANAGEMENT_PACK_ACCESS
parameter set to 'DIAGNOSTIC+TUNING'.
SQL> CONN / AS SYSDBAConnected.SQL> SHOW PARAMETER statistics_levelNAME TYPE VALUE------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------statistics_level string TYPICALSQL> SHOW PARAMETER control_management_pack_accessNAME TYPE VALUE------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------control_management_pack_access string DIAGNOSTIC+TUNINGSQL>
MONITOR Hint
The MONITOR
hint switches on SQL monitoring for statements that would not otherwise initiate it.
SELECT /*+ MONITOR */ d.dname, WM_CONCAT(e.ename) AS employeesFROM emp e JOIN dept d ON e.deptno = d.deptnoGROUP BY d.dnameORDER BY d.dname;
REPORT_SQL_MONITOR
The REPORT_SQL_MONITOR
function is used to return a SQL monitoring report for a specific SQL statement. The SQL statement can be identified using a variety of parameters, but it will typically be identified using the SQL_ID
parameter.
The function can accept many optional parameters, shown here, but most of the time you will probably only use the following.
SQL_ID
- The SQL_ID
of the query of interest. When NULL (the default) the last monitored statement is targeted.
SQL_EXEC_ID
- When the SQL_ID
is specified, the SQL_EXEC_ID
indicates the individual execution of interest. When NULL (the default) the most recent execution of the statement targeted by the SQL_ID
is assumed.
REPORT_LEVEL
- The amount of information displayed in the report. The basic allowed values are 'NONE', 'BASIC', 'TYPICAL' or 'ALL', but the information displayed can be modified further by adding (+) or subtracting (-) named report sections (eg. 'BASIC +PLAN +BINDS' or 'ALL -PLAN'). This is similar to the way DBMS_XPLAN output can be tailored in the later releases. I almost always use 'ALL'.
TYPE
- The format used to display the report ('TEXT', 'HTML', 'XML' or 'ACTIVE'). The 'ACTIVE' setting is new to Oracle 11g Release 2 and displays the output using HTML and Flash, similar to the way it is shown in Enterprise Manager.
SESSION_ID
- Targets a subset of queries based on the specified SID. Use SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV','SID')
for the current session.
The report accesses several dynamic performance views, so you will most likely access it from a privileged user, or a user granted the SELECT_CATALOG_ROLE
role.
To see it in action, first we make sure we have a monitored statement to work with.
CONN scott/tigerSELECT /*+ MONITOR */ d.dname, WM_CONCAT(e.ename) AS employeesFROM emp e JOIN dept d ON e.deptno = d.deptnoGROUP BY d.dnameORDER BY d.dname;
Monitored statements can be identified using the V$SQL_MONITOR
view. This view was present in Oracle 11g Release 1, but has additional columns in Oracle 11g Release 2, making it much more useful. It contains an entry for each execution monitored, so it can contain multiple entries for individual SQL statements.
CONN / AS SYSDBA-- 11gR1SELECT sql_id, statusFROM v$sql_monitor;SQL_ID STATUS------------- -------------------526mvccm5nfy4 DONE (ALL ROWS)SQL>-- 11gR2SET LINESIZE 200COLUMN sql_text FORMAT A80SELECT sql_id, status, sql_textFROM v$sql_monitorWHERE username = 'SCOTT';SQL_ID STATUS SQL_TEXT------------- ------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------526mvccm5nfy4 DONE (ALL ROWS) SELECT /*+ MONITOR */ d.dname, WM_CONCAT(e.ename) AS employees FROM emp e JOIN dept d ON e.deptno = d.deptno GROUP BY d.dname ORDER BY d.dnameSQL>
Once the SQL_ID
is identified, we can generate a report using the REPORT_SQL_MONITOR
function.
SET LONG 1000000SET LONGCHUNKSIZE 1000000SET LINESIZE 1000SET PAGESIZE 0SET TRIM ONSET TRIMSPOOL ONSET ECHO OFFSET FEEDBACK OFFSPOOL /host/report_sql_monitor.htmSELECT DBMS_SQLTUNE.report_sql_monitor( sql_id => '526mvccm5nfy4', type => 'HTML', report_level => 'ALL') AS reportFROM dual;SPOOL OFF
Examples of the output for each available TYPE
are displayed below.
- TEXT
- HTML
- XML
- ACTIVE - Active HTML available in 11gR2 requires a download of Javascript libraries and a Flash movie from an Oracle website, so must be used on a PC connected to the internet, unless you download the relevant libraries and use the
BASE_PATH
parameter in the function call to identify their location.
REPORT_SQL_MONITOR_LIST
The REPORT_SQL_MONITOR_LIST
function was added in Oracle 11g Release 2 to generate a summary screen, similar to that on the "Monitored SQL Executions" page of Enterprise Manager. There are a number of parameters to filer the content of the report (shown here), but most of the time you will probably only use the TYPE
and REPORT_LEVEL
parameters, similar to those in the REPORT_SQL_MONITOR
function. The query below shows how the function can be used.
SET LONG 1000000SET LONGCHUNKSIZE 1000000SET LINESIZE 1000SET PAGESIZE 0SET TRIM ONSET TRIMSPOOL ONSET ECHO OFFSET FEEDBACK OFFSPOOL /host/report_sql_monitor_list.htmSELECT DBMS_SQLTUNE.report_sql_monitor_list( type => 'HTML', report_level => 'ALL') AS reportFROM dual;SPOOL OFF
Examples of the output for each available TYPE
are displayed below.
- TEXT
- HTML
- XML
- ACTIVE - Active HTML is not currently supported, but the parameter list, specifically the
BASE_PATH
, suggest it will be supported in future.
REPORT_SQL_DETAIL
Although not documented as part of Real-Time SQL Monitoring, the REPORT_SQL_DETAIL
function added in Oracle 11g Release 2 returns a report containing SQL monitoring information. Once again, it has several parameters (shown here), but you will probably only use a subset of them to target specific SQL statements, as shown below.
SET LONG 1000000SET LONGCHUNKSIZE 1000000SET LINESIZE 1000SET PAGESIZE 0SET TRIM ONSET TRIMSPOOL ONSET ECHO OFFSET FEEDBACK OFFSPOOL /host/report_sql_detail.htmSELECT DBMS_SQLTUNE.report_sql_detail( sql_id => '526mvccm5nfy4', type => 'ACTIVE', report_level => 'ALL') AS reportFROM dual;SPOOL OFF
Examples of the output for each available TYPE
are displayed below.
- XML
- ACTIVE - Active HTML is default type.
Active HTML Reports Offline
As mentioned previously, by default Active HTML available in 11gR2 require a download of Javascript libraries and a Flash movie from an Oracle website, so must be used on a PC connected to the internet. An alternative to this is to download the relevant files to a HTTP server on your network (or local machine) and use the BASE_PATH
parameter to reference those files rather than the Oracle website.
To show this I will create a new directory under a HTTP server on my network and download the relevant files to it.
mkdir -p /var/www/html/sqlmoncd /var/www/html/sqlmonwget --mirror --no-host-directories --cut-dirs=1 http://download.oracle.com/otn_software/emviewers/scripts/flashver.jswget --mirror --no-host-directories --cut-dirs=1 http://download.oracle.com/otn_software/emviewers/scripts/loadswf.jswget --mirror --no-host-directories --cut-dirs=1 http://download.oracle.com/otn_software/emviewers/scripts/document.jswget --mirror --no-host-directories --cut-dirs=1 http://download.oracle.com/otn_software/emviewers/sqlmonitor/11/sqlmonitor.swf
When calling functions in the DBMS_SQLTUNE
package, I use the BASE_PATH
parameter with the value of "http://192.168.0.4/sqlmon" so the active report will use the local copies of the files, rather than accessing them from the internet.
SET LONG 1000000SET LONGCHUNKSIZE 1000000SET LINESIZE 1000SET PAGESIZE 0SET TRIM ONSET TRIMSPOOL ONSET ECHO OFFSET FEEDBACK OFFSPOOL /host/report_sql_monitor.htmSELECT DBMS_SQLTUNE.report_sql_monitor( sql_id => '526mvccm5nfy4', type => 'ACTIVE', report_level => 'ALL', base_path => 'http://192.168.0.4/sqlmon') AS reportFROM dual;SPOOL OFF
Views
The SQL monitoring functionality accesses a number of existing views, but two new dynamic performance views have been added specifically as part of it.
- V$SQL_MONITOR
- V$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
For more information see:
- Oracle Database 11g: Real-Time SQL Monitoring
- Real-Time SQL Monitoring
- DBMS_SQLTUNE
- MONITOR Hint
- Explain Plan Usage
- DBMS_XPLAN : Display Oracle Execution Plans
- SQL trace, 10046, trcsess and tkprof in Oracle
教一個oracle的問題本地動態SQL執行,與DBMS_SQL包執行這兩種分別是什? DBMS_SQL包又是什
本地執行EXECUTE IMMEIDIATE和DBMS_SQL都是用執行SQL語句的
前者方便,好理解。。適用於一些簡單的,不是特別長,不需要多次迴圈執行的SQL
後者在多次迴圈執行方面效率更高。。但使用起來複雜些,不好理解。。但DBMS_SQL支援超長SQL,在複雜的動態SQL語句方面也比EXECUTE IMMEIDIATE好。
EXECUTE IMMEIDIATE對執行的SQL語句有長度限制,過長就不行了。。
error CS0246: 找不到類型或命名空間名稱“SqlConnection”(是否缺少 using 指令或程式集引用?)
是要串連資料庫吧
在那頁代碼上面添加個
using System.Data.SqlClient; 引用就行了