複製對象在開發過程中經常會遇到,有些時候需要淺複製,有些時候需要深複製,具體它們之間有什麼區別,以及實現方式有哪些,在這裡總結一下。
實現深複製有以下幾種方法。
手動
代碼如下:
//手動複製var user2 = new User{Id = user1.Id,Name = new UserName {FirstName= user1.Name.FirstName,LastName= user1.Name.LastName}};
反射
代碼如下:
1 //反射2 var user3 = user1.Copy() as User;
擴充方法:
1 public static class DeepCopyHelper 2 { 3 public static object Copy(this object obj) 4 { 5 Object targetDeepCopyObj; 6 Type targetType = obj.GetType(); 7 //實值型別 8 if (targetType.IsValueType == true) 9 {10 targetDeepCopyObj = obj;11 }12 //參考型別 13 else14 {15 targetDeepCopyObj = System.Activator.CreateInstance(targetType); //建立引用對象 16 System.Reflection.MemberInfo[] memberCollection = obj.GetType().GetMembers();17 18 foreach (System.Reflection.MemberInfo member in memberCollection)19 {20 if (member.MemberType == System.Reflection.MemberTypes.Field)21 {22 System.Reflection.FieldInfo field = (System.Reflection.FieldInfo)member;23 Object fieldValue = field.GetValue(obj);24 if (fieldValue is ICloneable)25 {26 field.SetValue(targetDeepCopyObj, (fieldValue as ICloneable).Clone());27 }28 else29 {30 field.SetValue(targetDeepCopyObj, Copy(fieldValue));31 }32 33 }34 else if (member.MemberType == System.Reflection.MemberTypes.Property)35 {36 System.Reflection.PropertyInfo myProperty = (System.Reflection.PropertyInfo)member;37 MethodInfo info = myProperty.GetSetMethod(false);38 if (info != null)39 {40 object propertyValue = myProperty.GetValue(obj, null);41 if (propertyValue is ICloneable)42 {43 myProperty.SetValue(targetDeepCopyObj, (propertyValue as ICloneable).Clone(), null);44 }45 else46 {47 myProperty.SetValue(targetDeepCopyObj, Copy(propertyValue), null);48 }49 }50 51 }52 }53 }54 return targetDeepCopyObj;55 }56 }
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序列化
代碼如下:
1 //序列化2 var user4 = user1.DeepClone();
擴充方法:
1 /// <summary> 2 /// 深複製 3 /// 先序列化再還原序列化 4 /// </summary> 5 /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam> 6 /// <param name="obj"></param> 7 /// <returns></returns> 8 public static T DeepClone<T>(this T obj) where T : class 9 {10 return obj != null ? obj.ToJson().FromJson<T>() : null;11 }
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其它還有使用運算式。
總結:
手動複製效能最好,但是遇到很複雜的類的時候,工作量很大。
反射和序列化比起來,序列化更簡單。