Shell使用Epoch進行日期時間轉換和計算的幾個小函數

核心代碼

當你遇到一個date命令不給力的系統時，可以試試這幾個小函數。 #日期轉天數 function date2days {   echo "$*" | awk '{     z=int((14-$2)/12); y=$1+4800-z; m=$2+12*z-3;     j=int((153*m+2)/5)+$3+y*365+int(y/4)-int(y/100)+int(y/400)-2472633;     print j   }' } date2days `echo "2010-08-18 18:59:19" | sed 's/-/ /g;s/:/ /g'` #天數轉日期 function days2date {   echo "$1" | awk '{     a=$1+2472632; b=int((4*a+3)/146097); c=int((-b*146097)/4)+a;      d=int((4*c+3)/1461); e=int((-1461*d)/4)+c; m=int((5*e+2)/153);     dd=-int((153*m+2)/5)+e+1; mm=int(-m/10)*12+m+3; yy=b*100+d-4800+int(m/10);     printf ("%4d-%02d-%02d\n",yy,mm,dd)   }' } days2date 14839 #日期轉分鐘 function date2minutes {   echo "$*" | awk '{     z=int((14-$2)/12); y=$1+4800-z; m=$2+12*z-3;     j=int((153*m+2)/5)+$3+y*365+int(y/4)-int(y/100)+int(y/400)-2472633;     j=j*1440+$4*60+$5     print j   }' } date2minutes `echo "2010-08-18 18:59:19" | sed 's/-/ /g;s/:/ /g'` #分鐘轉日期 function minutes2date {   echo "$1" | awk '{     i=$1; nn=i%60; i=int(i/60); hh=i%24; dd=int(i/24); i=int(i/24);     a=i+2472632; b=int((4*a+3)/146097); c=int((-b*146097)/4)+a;      d=int((4*c+3)/1461); e=int((-1461*d)/4)+c; m=int((5*e+2)/153);     dd=-int((153*m+2)/5)+e+1; mm=int(-m/10)*12+m+3; yy=b*100+d-4800+int(m/10);     printf ("%4d-%02d-%02d %02d:%02d\n",yy,mm,dd,hh,nn)   }' } minutes2date 21369299 #日期轉秒數 function date2seconds {   echo "$*" | awk '{     z=int((14-$2)/12); y=$1+4800-z; m=$2+12*z-3;     j=int((153*m+2)/5)+$3+y*365+int(y/4)-int(y/100)+int(y/400)-2472633;     j=j*86400+$4*3600+$5*60+$6     print j   }' } date2seconds `echo "2010-08-18 18:59:19" | sed 's/-/ /g;s/:/ /g'` #秒數轉日期 function seconds2date {   echo "$1" | awk '{     i=$1; ss=i%60; i=int(i/60); nn=i%60; i=int(i/60); hh=i%24; dd=int(i/24); i=int(i/24);     a=i+2472632; b=int((4*a+3)/146097); c=int((-b*146097)/4)+a;      d=int((4*c+3)/1461); e=int((-1461*d)/4)+c; m=int((5*e+2)/153);     dd=-int((153*m+2)/5)+e+1; mm=int(-m/10)*12+m+3; yy=b*100+d-4800+int(m/10);     printf ("%4d-%02d-%02d %02d:%02d:%02d\n",yy,mm,dd,hh,nn,ss)   }' } seconds2date 1282157959 #日期轉毫秒 function date2milliseconds {   echo "$*" | awk '{     z=int((14-$2)/12); y=$1+4800-z; m=$2+12*z-3;     j=int((153*m+2)/5)+$3+y*365+int(y/4)-int(y/100)+int(y/400)-2472633;     j=j*86400+$4*3600+$5*60+$6     printf ("%d%s\n",j,$7)   }' } date2milliseconds `echo "2010-08-18 18:59:19.073" | sed 's/-/ /g;s/:/ /g;s/\./ /g'` #毫秒轉日期 function milliseconds2date {   echo "$1" | awk '{     i=$1; ms=i%1000; i=int(i/1000); ss=i%60; i=int(i/60); nn=i%60; i=int(i/60); hh=i%24; dd=int(i/24); i=int(i/24);     a=i+2472632; b=int((4*a+3)/146097); c=int((-b*146097)/4)+a;      d=int((4*c+3)/1461); e=int((-1461*d)/4)+c; m=int((5*e+2)/153);     dd=-int((153*m+2)/5)+e+1; mm=int(-m/10)*12+m+3; yy=b*100+d-4800+int(m/10);     printf ("%4d-%02d-%02d %02d:%02d:%02d.%03d\n",yy,mm,dd,hh,nn,ss,ms)   }' } milliseconds2date 1282157959073

應用執行個體：

計算今天的N天之後的日期

#!/bin/bash function date2days {   echo "$1 $2 $3" | awk '{     z=int((14-$2)/12); y=$1+4800-z; m=$2+12*z-3;     j=int((153*m+2)/5)+$3+y*365+int(y/4)-int(y/100)+int(y/400)-2472633;     print j   }' } function days2date {   echo "$1" | awk '{     a=$1+2472632; b=int((4*a+3)/146097); c=int((-b*146097)/4)+a;      d=int((4*c+3)/1461); e=int((-1461*d)/4)+c; m=int((5*e+2)/153);     dd=-int((153*m+2)/5)+e+1; mm=int(-m/10)*12+m+3; yy=b*100+d-4800+int(m/10);     printf ("%4d%02d%02d\n",yy,mm,dd)   }' } year=`date +%Y`; month=`date +%m`; day=`date +%d` days=`date2days $year $month $day` N=5 let days-=$N days2date $days

計算某天的N天之後的日期

#!/bin/bash function date2days {   echo "$1 $2 $3" | awk '{     z=int((14-$2)/12); y=$1+4800-z; m=$2+12*z-3;     j=int((153*m+2)/5)+$3+y*365+int(y/4)-int(y/100)+int(y/400)-2472633;     print j   }' } function days2date {   echo "$1" | awk '{     a=$1+2472632; b=int((4*a+3)/146097); c=int((-b*146097)/4)+a;      d=int((4*c+3)/1461); e=int((-1461*d)/4)+c; m=int((5*e+2)/153);     dd=-int((153*m+2)/5)+e+1; mm=int(-m/10)*12+m+3; yy=b*100+d-4800+int(m/10);     printf ("%4d%02d%02d\n",yy,mm,dd)   }' } year=2010; month=01; day=20 days=`date2days $year $month $day` let days+=5 days2date $days

計算上一個星期的全部日期

#!/bin/bash function date2days {   echo "$1 $2 $3" | awk '{     z=int((14-$2)/12); y=$1+4800-z; m=$2+12*z-3;     j=int((153*m+2)/5)+$3+y*365+int(y/4)-int(y/100)+int(y/400)-2472633;     print j   }' } function days2date {   echo "$1" | awk '{     a=$1+2472632; b=int((4*a+3)/146097); c=int((-b*146097)/4)+a;      d=int((4*c+3)/1461); e=int((-1461*d)/4)+c; m=int((5*e+2)/153);     dd=-int((153*m+2)/5)+e+1; mm=int(-m/10)*12+m+3; yy=b*100+d-4800+int(m/10);     printf ("%4d%02d%02d\n",yy,mm,dd)   }' } function date2week {   echo "$1 $2 $3" | awk '{     z=int((14-$2)/12); y=$1+4800-z; m=$2+12*z-3;     dow=(int((153*m+2)/5)+$3+y*365+int(y/4)-int(y/100)+int(y/400)-2472629)%7;     print dow   }' } year=`date +%Y`; month=`date +%m`; day=`date +%d` days=`date2days $year $month $day` week=`date2week $year $month $day` let dateEnd=$days-$week-1 let dateBegin=$dateEnd-6 for ((i=$dateBegin;i<=$dateEnd;i++)); do   days2date $i done

日期時間轉換成毫秒

function date2milliseconds {   echo "$*" | awk '{     z=int((14-$2)/12); y=$1+4800-z; m=$2+12*z-3;     j=int((153*m+2)/5)+$3+y*365+int(y/4)-int(y/100)+int(y/400)-2472633;     j=j*86400+$4*3600+$5*60+$6     print j$7   }' } date2milliseconds `echo "2010-08-18 18:59:19.073" | /usr/xpg4/bin/awk -F'[:.-]+' '$1=$1'`

日期時間轉換成秒

function date2seconds {   echo "$*" | awk '{     z=int((14-$2)/12); y=$1+4800-z; m=$2+12*z-3;     j=int((153*m+2)/5)+$3+y*365+int(y/4)-int(y/100)+int(y/400)-2472633;     j=j*86400+$4*3600+$5*60+$6     print j   }' } date2seconds `echo "2010-07-21 00:00:00" | sed 's/-/ /g;s/:/ /g'`

判斷一個數字是否為合法日期

function date2days {   echo "$*" | awk '{     z=int((14-$2)/12); y=$1+4800-z; m=$2+12*z-3;     j=int((153*m+2)/5)+$3+y*365+int(y/4)-int(y/100)+int(y/400)-2472633;     print j   }' } function days2date {   echo "$1" | awk '{     a=$1+2472632; b=int((4*a+3)/146097); c=int((-b*146097)/4)+a;      d=int((4*c+3)/1461); e=int((-1461*d)/4)+c; m=int((5*e+2)/153);     dd=-int((153*m+2)/5)+e+1; mm=int(-m/10)*12+m+3; yy=b*100+d-4800+int(m/10);     printf ("%4d%02d%02d\n",yy,mm,dd)   }' } num1=20105050 num2=20101001 arg1=`echo "$num1" | sed -r 's/(....)(..)(..)/\1 \2 \3/g'` arg2=`echo "$num2" | sed -r 's/(....)(..)(..)/\1 \2 \3/g'` days1=`date2days $arg1` date1=`days2date $days1` days2=`date2days $arg2` date2=`days2date $days2` [ "$num1" -eq "$date1" ] && echo "$num1 is valid date" || echo "$num1 is invalid date" [ "$num2" -eq "$date2" ] && echo "$num2 is valid date" || echo "$num2 is invalid date"

計算10分鐘之前的時間

function date2minutes {   echo "$*" | awk '{     z=int((14-$2)/12); y=$1+4800-z; m=$2+12*z-3;     j=int((153*m+2)/5)+$3+y*365+int(y/4)-int(y/100)+int(y/400)-2472633;     j=j*1440+$4*60+$5     print j   }' } function minutes2date {   echo "$1" | awk '{     i=$1; nn=i%60; i=int(i/60); hh=i%24; dd=int(i/24); i=int(i/24);     a=i+2472632; b=int((4*a+3)/146097); c=int((-b*146097)/4)+a;      d=int((4*c+3)/1461); e=int((-1461*d)/4)+c; m=int((5*e+2)/153);     dd=-int((153*m+2)/5)+e+1; mm=int(-m/10)*12+m+3; yy=b*100+d-4800+int(m/10);     printf ("%4d-%02d-%02d %02d:%02d\n",yy,mm,dd,hh,nn)   }' } now=`date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M" | sed 's/-/ /g;s/:/ /g'` minutes=`date2minutes $now` let minutes-=10 minutes2date $minutes

計算指定日期和當前系統日期之家相差多少天

#!/bin/bash function date2days {   echo "$*" | awk '{     z=int((14-$2)/12); y=$1+4800-z; m=$2+12*z-3;     j=int((153*m+2)/5)+$3+y*365+int(y/4)-int(y/100)+int(y/400)-2472633;     print j   }' } echo "Enter your date:" read input InpuDays=$(date2days ${input:0:4} ${input:4:2} ${input:6:2}) SysDays=$(date2days `date +"%Y %m %d"`) let result=$InpuDays-$SysDays echo $result

#./test.sh Enter your date: 20110605 25

上個星期周一的日期

#!/bin/bash function date2days {   echo "$1 $2 $3" | awk '{     z=int((14-$2)/12); y=$1+4800-z; m=$2+12*z-3;     j=int((153*m+2)/5)+$3+y*365+int(y/4)-int(y/100)+int(y/400)-2472633;     print j   }' } function days2date {   echo "$1" | awk '{     a=$1+2472632; b=int((4*a+3)/146097); c=int((-b*146097)/4)+a;      d=int((4*c+3)/1461); e=int((-1461*d)/4)+c; m=int((5*e+2)/153);     dd=-int((153*m+2)/5)+e+1; mm=int(-m/10)*12+m+3; yy=b*100+d-4800+int(m/10);     printf ("%4d%02d%02d\n",yy,mm,dd)   }' } function date2week {   echo "$1 $2 $3" | awk '{     z=int((14-$2)/12); y=$1+4800-z; m=$2+12*z-3;     dow=(int((153*m+2)/5)+$3+y*365+int(y/4)-int(y/100)+int(y/400)-2472629)%7;     print dow   }' } year=`date +%Y`; month=`date +%m`; day=`date +%d` days=`date2days $year $month $day` week=`date2week $year $month $day` let date=$days-$week-7 days2date $date