asp.net 驗證碼的簡單製作(vb.net+C#)

來源:互聯網
上載者:User
網站上驗證碼效果一般製作方法是:
1)使用HttpHandler(一般處理常式)繪製隨機驗證碼的圖,以及產生隨機碼,並輸出到頁面的OutputStream中。
2)頁面中使用非同步方式(js等)進行重新整理當前頁面的驗證碼。
【樣本】
1)建立一個“一般應用處理常式ashx”,代碼如下:
[C#]

public class ValidationCode : IHttpHandler { //隨機發生器 static Random r = new Random(Guid.NewGuid().GetHashCode()); //排除黑色、透明色顏色,因為底色黑色 static PropertyInfo[] colors = (typeof(Brushes).GetProperties(System.Reflection.BindingFlags.Public | System.Reflection.BindingFlags.GetProperty | System.Reflection.BindingFlags.Static)).Where(p => p.Name != "Black" && p.Name != "Transparent").Select(p => p).ToArray(); //排除黑色顏色,因為底色黑色 static PropertyInfo[] linecolors = (typeof(Pens).GetProperties(System.Reflection.BindingFlags.Public | System.Reflection.BindingFlags.GetProperty | System.Reflection.BindingFlags.Static)).Where(p => p.Name != "Black").Select(p => p).ToArray(); //擷取靜態類Brushes執行個體對象 static object colorobj = typeof(Brushes).GetConstructor(BindingFlags.NonPublic, null, Type.EmptyTypes, null); //擷取靜態類Pens執行個體對象 static object penobj = typeof(Pens).GetConstructor(BindingFlags.NonPublic, null, Type.EmptyTypes, null); //每個隨機字元的寬度 const float PERNUMBERWIDTH = 40.0f; //每個字元的高度 const float PERNUMBERHEIGHT = 50.0f; public void ProcessRequest(HttpContext context) { //擷取要產生多少隨機數(預設產生5個) int reqNum = 5; if (context.Request.QueryString["reqNum"] != null) { int.TryParse(context.Request.QueryString["reqNum"], out reqNum); } //產生多少大的背景圖 Bitmap bt = new Bitmap((int)(PERNUMBERWIDTH*reqNum), (int)PERNUMBERHEIGHT); Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(bt); //產生4個隨機數(number可以被儲存到Session中) string numbers = ""; //繪製數字 for (int i = 1; i <= reqNum; i++) { numbers += r.Next(0, 9).ToString(); var color = (PropertyInfo)colors.GetValue(r.Next(0, colors.Length)); context.Response.Write(color.Name + "<br/>"); Brush randomcolor = (Brush)color.GetValue(colorobj, null); g.DrawString(numbers[i-1].ToString(), new Font("黑體", PERNUMBERWIDTH),randomcolor, new PointF((i-1)*PERNUMBERWIDTH, 0f)); } //繪製隨機線條 int linenum = r.Next(10, 21); for (int i = 1; i <= linenum; i++) { var linecolor = (PropertyInfo)linecolors.GetValue(r.Next(0, colors.Length)); Pen randomcolor = (Pen)linecolor.GetValue(penobj, null); g.DrawLine(randomcolor, new PointF((float)(r.NextDouble() * PERNUMBERWIDTH * reqNum), (float)(r.NextDouble() * PERNUMBERHEIGHT)), new PointF((float)(r.NextDouble() * PERNUMBERWIDTH * reqNum), (float)(r.NextDouble() * PERNUMBERHEIGHT))); } g.Dispose(); context.Response.Clear(); context.Response.ContentType = "image/jpeg"; bt.Save(context.Response.OutputStream, ImageFormat.Jpeg); bt.Dispose(); context.Response.End(); } public bool IsReusable { get { return false; } } }

[VB.NET]

Public Class ValidationCode Implements IHttpHandler '隨機發生器 Shared r As New Random(Guid.NewGuid().GetHashCode()) '排除黑色、透明色顏色,因為底色黑色 Shared colors As PropertyInfo() = (GetType(Brushes).GetProperties(System.Reflection.BindingFlags.[Public] Or System.Reflection.BindingFlags.GetProperty Or System.Reflection.BindingFlags.[Static])).Where(Function(p) p.Name <> "Black" AndAlso p.Name <> "Transparent").[Select](Function(p) p).ToArray() '排除黑色顏色,因為底色黑色 Shared linecolors As PropertyInfo() = (GetType(Pens).GetProperties(System.Reflection.BindingFlags.[Public] Or System.Reflection.BindingFlags.GetProperty Or System.Reflection.BindingFlags.[Static])).Where(Function(p) p.Name <> "Black").[Select](Function(p) p).ToArray() '擷取靜態類Brushes執行個體對象 Shared colorobj As Object = GetType(Brushes).GetConstructor(BindingFlags.NonPublic, Nothing, Type.EmptyTypes, Nothing) '擷取靜態類Pens執行個體對象 Shared penobj As Object = GetType(Pens).GetConstructor(BindingFlags.NonPublic, Nothing, Type.EmptyTypes, Nothing) '每個隨機字元的寬度 Const PERNUMBERWIDTH As Single = 40F '每個字元的高度 Const PERNUMBERHEIGHT As Single = 50F Public Sub ProcessRequest(context As HttpContext) '擷取要產生多少隨機數(預設產生5個) Dim reqNum As Integer = 5 If context.Request.QueryString("reqNum") IsNot Nothing Then Integer.TryParse(context.Request.QueryString("reqNum"), reqNum) End If '產生多少大的背景圖 Dim bt As New Bitmap(CInt(Math.Truncate(PERNUMBERWIDTH * reqNum)), CInt(Math.Truncate(PERNUMBERHEIGHT))) Dim g As Graphics = Graphics.FromImage(bt) '產生4個隨機數(number可以被儲存到Session中) Dim numbers As String = "" '繪製數字 For i As Integer = 1 To reqNum numbers += r.[Next](0, 9).ToString() Dim color = DirectCast(colors.GetValue(r.[Next](0, colors.Length)), PropertyInfo) context.Response.Write(Convert.ToString(color.Name) & "<br/>") Dim randomcolor As Brush = DirectCast(color.GetValue(colorobj, Nothing), Brush) g.DrawString(numbers(i - 1).ToString(), New Font("黑體", PERNUMBERWIDTH), randomcolor, New PointF((i - 1) * PERNUMBERWIDTH, 0F)) Next '繪製隨機線條 Dim linenum As Integer = r.[Next](10, 21) For i As Integer = 1 To linenum Dim linecolor = DirectCast(linecolors.GetValue(r.[Next](0, colors.Length)), PropertyInfo) Dim randomcolor As Pen = DirectCast(linecolor.GetValue(penobj, Nothing), Pen) g.DrawLine(randomcolor, New PointF(CSng(r.NextDouble() * PERNUMBERWIDTH * reqNum), CSng(r.NextDouble() * PERNUMBERHEIGHT)), New PointF(CSng(r.NextDouble() * PERNUMBERWIDTH * reqNum), CSng(r.NextDouble() * PERNUMBERHEIGHT))) Next g.Dispose() context.Response.Clear() context.Response.ContentType = "image/jpeg" bt.Save(context.Response.OutputStream, ImageFormat.Jpeg) bt.Dispose() context.Response.[End]() End Sub Public ReadOnly Property IsReusable() As Boolean Get Return False End Get End Property End Class

注意:
1)一些諸如Brushes等特定因為是公用的,需要通過反射擷取全部的顏色屬性列表,因此使用了靜態變數,這樣不必每次都初始化,節省記憶體和時間。
2)Brushes避免黑色和透明色(本樣本背景色是黑色),Pens只需避免黑色即可。有關Brushes顏色,可以查閱:http://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/system.windows.media.brush(v=vs.95).aspx
3)Bitmap類是用於繪製使用的,一般是空白的黑色背景。一般配合Image類+Graphics畫布使用,進行繪製。
4)BitMap的Save方法有若干個重載版本,其中之一可以指定輸出資料流以及設定圖片格式。本樣本就是使用了這個函數。
【應用】

Html中代碼(驗證碼部分,局部):

<h1> 驗證碼 </h1> <script> function ChangeSD() { document.getElementById("imgSD").src = ""; document.getElementById("imgSD").src = "/ValidationCode.ashx?reqNum=10"; }; </script> <img src="/ValidationCode.ashx?reqNum=10" id="imgSD" /> <input type="button" value="Change Validation Key" onclick="ChangeSD()" />

注意,之所以使用js設定img的src兩次,是因為重複的路徑不會引發請求。

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