關於C語言函數的棧結構，返回地址

做一下小測驗，熟悉一下過程幀的結構。

通過下面的代碼，即可找到函數的返回地址：

#include <stdio.h>int evil(int para) {    int var = 10;    printf("evil\n");    printf("address &para is:%p, has value:%p\n", &para, (void*) *(&para) );    printf("address &var is:%p, has value:%p\n", &var, (void*) *(&var) );    printf("\n");    printf("address &var+1 is:%p, has value:%p\n", &var+1, (void*) *(&var+1) );    printf("address &var+2 is:%p, has value:%p\n", &var+2, (void*) *(&var+2) );    printf("address &var+3 is:%p, has value:%p\n", &var+3, (void*) *(&var+3) );    printf("address &var+4 is:%p, has value:%p\n", &var+4, (void*) *(&var+4) );    printf("address &var+5 is:%p, has value:%p\n", &var+5, (void*) *(&var+5) );    printf("address &var+6 is:%p, has value:%p\n", &var+6, (void*) *(&var+6) );    printf("address &var+7 is:%p, has value:%p\n", &var+7, (void*) *(&var+7) );    printf("address &var+8 is:%p, has value:%p\n", &var+8, (void*) *(&var+8) );    printf("\n");    return var + para;}int main() {    int x = 20;    printf("\n");    printf("current line is:%d\n",__LINE__);    printf("\n");    evil(x);addr:    printf("after call evil, the return address is:%p\n",&&addr);    printf("\n");    return 0;}

$ gcc main.c

$ ./a.out

current line is:28

evil
address &para is:0xbff3f120, has value:0x14
address &var is:0xbff3f10c, has value:0xa

address &var+1 is:0xbff3f110, has value:(nil)
address &var+2 is:0xbff3f114, has value:(nil)
address &var+3 is:0xbff3f118, has value:0xbff3f148
address &var+4 is:0xbff3f11c, has value:0x8048627
address &var+5 is:0xbff3f120, has value:0x14
address &var+6 is:0xbff3f124, has value:0x1c
address &var+7 is:0xbff3f128, has value:0xa5bbdb
address &var+8 is:0xbff3f12c, has value:0xba3324

after call evil, the return address is:0x8048627

從輸出可以看出，

地址&var+4處儲存的值為 0x8048627，與返回地址一樣；

地址&var+5為 0xbff3f120，與evil函數的參數para地址一樣。

所以函數的幀大致是這樣的：

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......           |

參數          | +5 &para 調用者幀

返回地址   | +4

--------------|

......            | +1，2，3

本地變數    | &var 當前幀

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附：

http://stackoverflow.com/questions/865862/printf-the-current-address-in-c-program