ubuntu-12.04.2-desktop-amd64 安裝整合 nginx + php + mysql + phpmyadmin + tomcat

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最近需要做jsp項目,部署在ubuntu 下,周末抽時間配置了nginx + php + mysql + phpmyadmin + tomcat 環境,從windows 的C# 轉過來, 多少有些不適應, 估計要走全棧的方向了. 順便整理了一下入門的配置方法, 完全在控制台下完成.1.1  Common

• Start Terminal

　　　　Ctrl+Alt+T

•  使用root使用者

　　　　sudo –sH

• 查看進程

　　　　linux命令ps aux|grep xxx

• 軟串連

　　　　ln -s 源地址  目的地址

　　　比如把linux檔案系統rootfs_dir軟連結到/home/jyg/目錄下

　　　ln -s /opt/linux/rootfs_dir  /home/jyg/rootfs_dir就可以了

• 尋找檔案

　　　　find / -name [filename]

• 基於Debian 軟體庫安裝

　　　　apt-get

1.2  Install Java

• OpenJDK 1.6.0

sudo apt-get install openjdk-6-jdk

sudo apt-get install openjdk-7-jdk

sudo update-alternatives --config java

sudo update-alternatives --config javac

sudo update-alternatives --config javaws

sudo vi /etc/environment

#Add following

JAVA_HOME=”/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.6.0-openjdk-i386”

Test:

source /etc/environment

echo $JAVA_HOME

 

uninstall

sudo apt-get remove openjdk-6-jdk

 

• oracle JDK 1.7:

The easy way to install the last JKD1.7

-- sudo apt-get install python-software-properties

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/java

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install oracle-java7-installer

　　uninstall

　　　　sudo apt-get remove oracle-java7-installer

• Oralce JDK 1.7.0_03 (由於公司要求,live環境指定了JDK 版本)

　　Download JDK

http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/7u3-b04/jdk-7u3-linux-x64.tar.gz

(you get the permission by access the page:  http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jdk7-downloads-1637583.html )

cd ~/Downloads

tar –zxcf jdk-7u3-linux-x64.tar.gz

#you will see the folder jdk1.7.0_03, for the same which live ,change the folder name to jdk 1.7.0

 mv jdk1.7.0_03 jdk1.7.0

 sudo mkdir –p –m ug+rw /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0

 sodu mv  jdk1.7.0 /usr/lib/jvm/

 sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/java" "java" "/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1. 1.7.0/bin/java" 1

 sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/javac" "javac" "/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1. 1.7.0/bin/javac" 1

 sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/javaws" "javaws" "/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0/bin/javaws" 1

 sudo update-alternatives --config java

 sudo update-alternatives --config javac //

 sudo update-alternatives --config javaws

 sudo vi /etc/environment

#Add following

JAVA_HOME=”/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0”

 Test:

source /etc/environment

echo $JAVA_HOME 

Notice: If you want to install other version JDK, Please see Install Other JDK

1.3  Install Nginx

sudo apt-get install nginx

Useful Command about Nginx.

Start Nginx：sudo /etc/init.d/nginx start;   // sudo service nginx start

Test: Browser the location：http://localhost ; if browser show "Welcome to nginx!", you have installed Nginx successfully;

Shutdown Nginx：sudo /etc/init.d/nginx stop;

Restart nginx：sudo /etc/init.d/nginx restart;

 **You can run the following command to reveal your virtual server’s IP address.

ifconfig eth0 | grep inet | awk ‘{ print $2 }‘

When you visit your IP address page in your browser, you will see the words, “Welcome to nginx”

You can see a screenshot of the utilitarian nginx welcome page here

To ensure that nginx will be up after reboots, it’s best to add it to the startup. Type this command into terminal:

update-rc.d nginx defaults

1.4  Install PHP

• 安裝

sudo apt-get install php5-cli php5-cgi php5-fpm php5-mcrypt php5-mysql

php5-fpm:與nginx配合方式之一,另外個是：spawn-fcgi；

php5-mysql:訪問mysql；

 

• 修改nginx配置

sudo vi/etc/nginx/sites-available/default

將index的一行修改為：“index index.html index.htm index.php;”

去掉下面的注釋用於支援php指令碼：      

location ~ \.php$ {

       fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;

       fastcgi_index index.php;

       include fastcgi_params;

}

•  測試

Nginx 預設網站目錄: cd /usr/share/nginx/www

echo "<?php phpinfo();?>" > test.php

啟動nginx:

sudo /etc/init.d/nginx start

訪問：http://localhost/test.php

出現php詳細資料，配置成功。

關閉nginx

sudo /etc/init.d/nginx stop

1.5  Install Mysql

• 安裝

sudo apt-get install mysql-server

安裝過程中要求輸入使用者名稱秘密. [mysqlUser] /[mysqlPW]

• 測試

mysql –u [mysqlUser]–p

              進入到mysql 控制台.

1.6  Install phpmyAdmin

• 下載phpMyAdmin-4.2.7-all-languages.tar.gz (這個需要手工下載,使用Debian 直接安裝的話,和 nginx 整合會比較麻煩)

網站直接下載: http://www.phpmyadmin.net/home_page/downloads.php

Terminal 下載

wget http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/phpmyadmin/phpMyAdmin-4.2.7-all-languages.tar.gz

儲存檔案到 /var/lib: sudo mv phpMyAdmin-4.2.7-all-languages.tar.gz /var/lib/phpMyAdmin

• 下載解壓:

      cd /var/lib/phpMyAdmin

sudo tar zxvf phpMyAdmin-4.2.7-all-languages.tar.gz

• 建立軟串連:

      ln –s /var/lib/phpMyAdmin/ phpMyAdmin-4.2.7-all-languages /usr/share/nginx/www/phpmyadmin

• 測試

訪問：http://localhost/phpmyadmin

出現登陸頁面, 用mysql 的使用者名稱密度登陸即可.

1.7  Install tomcat 7

sudo apt-get install tomcat7 tomcat7-docs tomcat7-examples tomcat7-admin

Choose username and password to manage tomcat and add to /etc/tomcat7/tomcat-users.xml file in the below format.

<role rolename="manager-gui"/>

<role rolename="admin-gui"/>

<user username="[tomactAdmin]" password="[tomcatPW]" roles="manager-gui,admin-gui"/>

This code must be within this < tomcat-users > …. < / tomcat-users > Tags

Now restart the service.

sudo /etc/init.d/tomcat7 restart

 

• 與nginx整合
  • Must make sure stop tomcat7 and nginx first: (如果沒有stop tomcat 7 , 會出現很多很奇怪的問題)

sudo /etc/init.d/tomcat7 stop

sudo /etc/init.d/nginx stop

 

• • 修改tomcat配置

sudo vi /etc/tomcat7/server.xml

將<Host name="localhost" appBase="webapps" ...>修改為<Host name="localhost" appBase="/usr/share/nginx/www" ...>

• • 修改nginx下proxy_params

sudo vi /etc/nginx/proxy_params

       添加:

        client_max_body_size    10m;

        client_body_buffer_size 128k;

        proxy_connect_timeout   90;

        proxy_send_timeout      90;

        proxy_read_timeout      90;

        proxy_buffer_size       4k;

        proxy_buffers           4 32k;

        proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k;

        proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k;

• • 修改ngingx配置：

sudo vi /etc/nginx/sites-available/default

        修改index行為：“index index.html index.htm index.php index.jsp;”

        在"location ~ \.php${...}"php配置節添加：

        location ~ \.jsp$ {

        index index.jsp;

        proxy_pass http://localhost:8080;

        include proxy_params;

        }

• • 測試

建立目錄：sudo mkdir /usr/share/nginx/www/test

 建立JSP檔案：sudo vi /usr/share/nginx/www /test/test.jsp

       輸入：

       <HTML>

        <BODY>

          <%

             out.println("IP:");

             out.println(request.getHeader("x-forwarded-for"));

          %>

        </BODY>

       </HTML>

啟動 tomcat: sudo /etc/init.d/tomcat7 start

啟動nginx：sudo /etc/init.d/nginx start

訪問：http://localhost/test/test.jsp

如有問題 查看tomcat log:

cat /var/log/tomcat7catalina.out |more

出現"IP:192.168.11.22"配置成功。

說明下，因為此處用了nginx代理的功能，所以要用request.getHeader("x-forwarded-for")獲得IP；request.getRemoteHost()獲得的將是代理的IP，即：127.0.0.1。

1.8  Install eclipse

sudo apt-get install eclipse-platform

sudo apt-get install eclipse-jdk

 --need reconfig java vm

sudo update-alternatives --config java

sudo update-alternatives --config javac

sudo update-alternatives --config javaws

 

主要參考:  

http://wenku.baidu.com/view/f1b8592a192e45361066f5ad.html