使用C#控制遠端電腦的服務

來源:互聯網
上載者:User
在.net中提供了一些類來顯示和控制Windows系統上的服務,並可以實現對遠端電腦服務服務的訪問,如System.ServiceProcess命名空間下面的ServiceController 類,System.Management下面的一些WMI操作的類。雖然用ServiceController可以很方便的實現對服務的控制,而且很直觀、簡潔和容易理解。但是我認為他的功能同通過WMI來操作服務相比,那可能就有些單一了,並且對多個服務的操作可能就比較麻煩,也無法列出系統中的所有服務的具體資料。這裡要講的就是如何使用System.Management組件來操作遠程和本機電腦上的服務。

        WMI作為Windows 2000作業系統的一部分提供了可伸縮的,可擴充的管理架構.公用資訊模型(CIM)是由分布式管理工作標準協會(DMTF)設計的一種可擴充的、物件導向的架構,用於管理系統、網路、應用程式、資料庫和裝置。Windows管理規範也稱作CIM for Windows,提供了統一的訪問管理資訊的方式。如果需要擷取詳細的WMI資訊請讀者查閱MSDN。System.Management組件提供對大量管理資訊和管理事件集合的訪問,這些資訊和事件是與根據 Windows 管理規範 (WMI) 結構對系統、裝置和應用程式設定檢測點有關的。        但是上面並不是我們最關心的,下面才是我們需要談的話題。毫無疑問,我們要引用System.Management.Dll程式集,並要使用System.Management命名空間下的類,如ManagementClass,ManagementObject等。下面用一個名為Win32ServiceManager的類把服務的一些相關操作封裝了一下,代碼如下:using System;using System.Management;namespace ZZ.Wmi{     public class Win32ServiceManager     {         private string strPath;         private ManagementClass managementClass;         public Win32ServiceManager():this(".",null,null)         {         }         public Win32ServiceManager(string host,string userName,string password)         {              this.strPath = "////"+host+"//root//cimv2:Win32_Service";              this.managementClass = new ManagementClass(strPath);               if(userName!=null&&userName.Length>0)              {                   ConnectionOptions connectionOptions = new ConnectionOptions();                   connectionOptions.Username = userName;                   connectionOptions.Password = password;                   ManagementScope managementScope = new ManagementScope( "////" +host+ "//root//cimv2",connectionOptions) ;                   this.managementClass.Scope = managementScope;              }         }          // 驗證是否能串連到遠端電腦         public static bool RemoteConnectValidate(string host,string userName,string password)         {              ConnectionOptions connectionOptions = new ConnectionOptions();              connectionOptions.Username = userName;              connectionOptions.Password = password;              ManagementScope managementScope = new ManagementScope( "////" +host+ "//root//cimv2",connectionOptions) ;              try              {                   managementScope.Connect();              }              catch              {              }              return managementScope.IsConnected;         }         // 擷取指定服務屬性的值         public object GetServiceValue(string serviceName,string propertyName)         {              ManagementObject mo = this.managementClass.CreateInstance();              mo.Path = new ManagementPath(this.strPath+".Name=/""+serviceName+"/"");              return mo[propertyName];         }         // 擷取所串連的電腦的所有服務資料         public string [,] GetServiceList()         {              string [,] services = new string [this.managementClass.GetInstances().Count,4];              int i = 0;              foreach(ManagementObject mo in this.managementClass.GetInstances())              {                   services[i,0] = (string)mo["Name"];                   services[i,1] = (string)mo["DisplayName"];                   services[i,2] = (string)mo["State"];                   services[i,3] = (string)mo["StartMode"];                   i++;              }              return services;         }         // 擷取所串連的電腦的指定服務資料         public string [,] GetServiceList(string serverName)         {              return GetServiceList(new string []{serverName});         }         // 擷取所串連的電腦的的指定服務資料         public string [,] GetServiceList(string [] serverNames)         {              string [,] services = new string [serverNames.Length,4];              ManagementObject mo = this.managementClass.CreateInstance();              for(int i = 0;i<serverNames.Length;i++)              {                   mo.Path = new ManagementPath(this.strPath+".Name=/""+serverNames[i]+"/"");                   services[i,0] = (string)mo["Name"];                   services[i,1] = (string)mo["DisplayName"];                   services[i,2] = (string)mo["State"];                   services[i,3] = (string)mo["StartMode"];              }              return services;         }         // 停止指定的服務         public string StartService(string serviceName)         {              string strRst = null;              ManagementObject mo = this.managementClass.CreateInstance();              mo.Path = new ManagementPath(this.strPath+".Name=/""+serviceName+"/"");              try              {                   if((string)mo["State"]=="Stopped")//!(bool)mo["AcceptStop"]                       mo.InvokeMethod("StartService",null);              }              catch(ManagementException e)              {                   strRst =e.Message;               }              return strRst;         }         // 暫停指定的服務         public string PauseService(string serviceName)         {              string strRst = null;              ManagementObject mo = this.managementClass.CreateInstance();              mo.Path = new ManagementPath(this.strPath+".Name=/""+serviceName+"/"");              try              {                   //判斷是否可以暫停                   if((bool)mo["acceptPause"]&&(string)mo["State"]=="Running")                       mo.InvokeMethod("PauseService",null);              }              catch(ManagementException e)              {                   strRst =e.Message;               }              return strRst;         }         // 恢複指定的服務         public string ResumeService(string serviceName)         {              string strRst = null;              ManagementObject mo = this.managementClass.CreateInstance();              mo.Path = new ManagementPath(this.strPath+".Name=/""+serviceName+"/"");              try              {                   //判斷是否可以恢複                   if((bool)mo["acceptPause"]&&(string)mo["State"]=="Paused")                       mo.InvokeMethod("ResumeService",null);              }              catch(ManagementException e)              {                   strRst =e.Message;               }              return strRst;         }         // 停止指定的服務         public string StopService(string serviceName)         {              string strRst = null;              ManagementObject mo = this.managementClass.CreateInstance();              mo.Path = new ManagementPath(this.strPath+".Name=/""+serviceName+"/"");              try              {                   //判斷是否可以停止                   if((bool)mo["AcceptStop"])//(string)mo["State"]=="Running"                       mo.InvokeMethod("StopService",null);              }              catch(ManagementException e)              {                   strRst =e.Message;               }              return strRst;         }    }}在Win32ServiceManager中通過RemoteConnectValidate靜態方法來測試連接成功與否;另外提供了GetServiceValue方法和GetServiceList方法以及它的重載來擷取服務資訊;後面的四個方法就是對服務的狀態控制了。     下面建立一個簡單的視窗來使用它。大致的介面如下:通過vs.net 2003可以很快做出上面的表單,下面列出了一些增加的代碼:

using ZZ.Wmi;namespace ZZForm{     public class Form1 : System.Windows.Forms.Form     {         //……         private Win32ServiceManager serviceManager;         public Form1()         {              InitializeComponent();              this.serviceManager = null;         }         //……         [STAThread]         static void Main()          {              Application.Run(new Form1());         }         //修改服務狀態         private void buttonChangeState_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)         {              switch(((Button)sender).Text)              {                   case "啟動":                       string startRst = this.serviceManager.StartService(this.listViewService.SelectedItems[0].SubItems[0].Text);                       if(startRst==null)                            MessageBox.Show("操作成功,請點擊擷取重新整理按鈕重新整理結果!");                       else                            MessageBox.Show(startRst);                       break;                   case "暫停":                       string startPause = this.serviceManager.PauseService(this.listViewService.SelectedItems[0].SubItems[0].Text);                       if(startPause==null)                            MessageBox.Show("操作成功,請點擊擷取重新整理按鈕重新整理結果!");                       else                            MessageBox.Show(startPause);                       break;                   case "繼續":                       string startResume = this.serviceManager.ResumeService(this.listViewService.SelectedItems[0].SubItems[0].Text);                       if(startResume==null)                            MessageBox.Show("操作成功,請點擊擷取重新整理按鈕重新整理結果!");                       else                            MessageBox.Show(startResume);                       break;                   case "停止":                       string startStop = this.serviceManager.StopService(this.listViewService.SelectedItems[0].SubItems[0].Text);                       if(startStop==null)                            MessageBox.Show("操作成功,請點擊擷取重新整理按鈕重新整理結果!");                       else                            MessageBox.Show(startStop);                       break;              }         }         //擷取和重新整理資料         private void buttonLoadRefresh_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)         {              if(this.textBoxHost.Text.Trim().Length>0)              {                   if(this.textBoxHost.Text.Trim()==".")                   {                       this.serviceManager = new Win32ServiceManager();                   }                   else                   {                        if(Win32ServiceManager.RemoteConnectValidate(this.textBoxHost.Text.Trim(),this.textBoxName.Text.Trim(),this.textBoxPassword.Text.Trim()))                       {                            this.serviceManager = new Win32ServiceManager(this.textBoxHost.Text.Trim(),this.textBoxName.Text.Trim(),this.textBoxPassword.Text.Trim());                       }                       else                       {                            MessageBox.Show("串連到遠端電腦驗證錯誤.");                            return;                       }                   }                   string [,] services = serviceManager.GetServiceList();                   this.listViewService.BeginUpdate();                   this.listViewService.Items.Clear();                   for(int i=0;i<services.GetLength(0);i++)                   {                       ListViewItem item = new ListViewItem(new string[]{services[i,0],services[i,1],services[i,2],services[i,3]});                       this.listViewService.Items.Add(item);                   }                   this.listViewService.EndUpdate();              }              else                   MessageBox.Show("請輸入電腦名稱或IP地址");         }    }}     說明,其實一個服務的屬性和方法除了上面這幾個還有很多,我們可以通過執行個體化ManagementClass類,使用它的Properties屬性和Methods屬性列出所有的屬性和方法。上面的Win32ServiceManager中產生的每個服務執行個體都是ManagementObejct類型的,其實還有一種強型別的類,可以通過編程和工具來產生。     總結,通過引用System.Management命名空間,上面簡單的實現了通過訪問/root/cimv2:Win32_Service名稱空間對服務進行顯示和操作。此外,我們還可以通過訪問其他名稱空間來訪問電腦的一些硬體資訊,軟體資訊以及網路等,有興趣的讀者可以研究一下。

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