iOS網路訪問之使用AFNetworking

標籤：

 　　AFNetworking是IOS上常用的第三方網路訪問庫，我們可以在github上下載它，同時github上有它詳細的使用說明，最新的AFNetworing2.0與1.0有很大的變化，這裡僅對2.0常用的使用方法進行總結　　基於NSURLConnection的API　　 提交GET請求　　AFHTTPRequestOperationManager *manager = [AFHTTPRequestOperationManager manager];　　[manager GET:@"http://example.com/resources.json" parameters:nil success:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, id responseObject) {　　NSLog(@"JSON: %@", responseObject);　　} failure:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) {　　NSLog(@"Error: %@", error);　　}];　　AFResponseSerializer　　上面代碼中responseObject代表了返回的值，當網路返回json或者xml之類的資料時，它們的本質都是字串，我們需要通過一定操作才能把字串轉成希望的對象，AFNetWorking通過設定AFHTTPRequestOperationManager對象的responseSerializer屬性替我們做了這些事。　　如果返回的資料時json格式，那麼我們設定　　manager.responseSerializer = [[AFJSONResponseSerializer alloc] init]，responseObject就是獲得的json的根對象（NSDictionary或者NSArray）　　如果返回的是plist格式我們就用AFPropertyListResponseSerializer解析器　　如果返回的是xml格式我們就用AFXMLParserResponseSerializer解析器，responseObject代表了NSXMLParser對像　　如果返回的是圖片，可以使用AFImageResponseSerializer　　如果只是希望獲得返回二進位格式，那麼可以使用AFHTTPResponseSerializer　　AFRequestSerializer　　AFHTTPRequestOperationManager還可以通過設定requestSeializer屬性佈建要求的格式　 　有如下的請求地址與參數　　NSString *URLString = @"http://example.com";　　NSDictionary *parameters = @{@"foo": @"bar", @"baz": @[@1, @2, @3]};　　我們使用AFHTTPRequestSerializer的GET提交方式　　[[AFHTTPRequestSerializer serializer] requestWithMethod:@"GET" URLString:URLString parameters:parameters error:nil];　　GET http://example.com?foo=bar&baz[]=1&baz[]=2&baz[]=3　　我們使用AFHTTPRequestSerializer的POST提交方式　　[[AFHTTPRequestSerializer serializer] requestWithMethod:@"POST" URLString:URLString parameters:parameters];　　POST http://example.com/　　Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded　　foo=bar&baz[]=1&baz[]=2&baz[]=3　　我們使用AFJSONRequestSerializer　　[[AFJSONRequestSerializer serializer] requestWithMethod:@"POST" URLString:URLString parameters:parameters];　　POST http://example.com/　　Content-Type: application/json　　{"foo": "bar", "baz": [1,2,3]}　　預設提交請求的資料是二進位（AFHTTPRequestSerializer）的,返回格式是JSON（AFJSONResponseSerializer）
提交POST請求

AFHTTPRequestOperationManager *manager = [AFHTTPRequestOperationManager manager];NSDictionary *parameters = @{@"foo": @"bar"};[manager POST:@"http://example.com/resources.json" parameters:parameters success:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, id responseObject) {NSLog(@"JSON: %@", responseObject);} failure:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) {NSLog(@"Error: %@", error);}];

　　提交POST請求時附帶檔案

AFHTTPRequestOperationManager *manager = [AFHTTPRequestOperationManager manager];NSDictionary *parameters = @{@"foo": @"bar"};NSURL *filePath = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:@"file://path/to/image.png"];[manager POST:@"http://example.com/resources.json" parameters:parameters constructingBodyWithBlock:^(id<AFMultipartFormData> formData) {[formData appendPartWithFileURL:filePath name:@"image" error:nil];} success:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, id responseObject) {NSLog(@"Success: %@", responseObject);} failure:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) {NSLog(@"Error: %@", error);}];

　　也可以通過appendPartWithFileData上傳NSData資料的檔案　　AFHTTPRequestOperation　　除了使用AFHTTPRequestOperationManager訪問網路外還可以通過AFHTTPRequestOperation，AFHTTPRequestOperation繼承自AFURLConnectionOperation，　　AFURLConnectionOperation繼承自NSOperation，所以可以通過AFHTTPRequestOperation定義了一個網路請求任務，然後添加到隊列中執行。

NSMutableArray *mutableOperations = [NSMutableArray array];for (NSURL *fileURL in filesToUpload) {NSURLRequest *request = [[AFHTTPRequestSerializer serializer] multipartFormRequestWithMethod:@"POST" URLString:@"http://example.com/upload" parameters:nil constructingBodyWithBlock:^(id<AFMultipartFormData> formData) {[formData appendPartWithFileURL:fileURL name:@"images[]" error:nil];}];AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation = [[AFHTTPRequestOperation alloc] initWithRequest:request];[mutableOperations addObject:operation];}NSArray *operations = [AFURLConnectionOperation batchOfRequestOperations:@[...] progressBlock:^(NSUInteger numberOfFinishedOperations, NSUInteger totalNumberOfOperations) {NSLog(@"%lu of %lu complete", numberOfFinishedOperations, totalNumberOfOperations);} completionBlock:^(NSArray *operations) {NSLog(@"All operations in batch complete");}];[[NSOperationQueue mainQueue] addOperations:operations waitUntilFinished:NO];

　　批量任務處理

NSMutableArray *mutableOperations = [NSMutableArray array];for (NSURL *fileURL in filesToUpload) {NSURLRequest *request = [[AFHTTPRequestSerializer serializer] multipartFormRequestWithMethod:@"POST" URLString:@"http://example.com/upload" parameters:nil constructingBodyWithBlock:^(id<AFMultipartFormData> formData) {[formData appendPartWithFileURL:fileURL name:@"images[]" error:nil];}];AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation = [[AFHTTPRequestOperation alloc] initWithRequest:request];[mutableOperations addObject:operation];}NSArray *operations = [AFURLConnectionOperation batchOfRequestOperations:@[...] progressBlock:^(NSUInteger numberOfFinishedOperations, NSUInteger totalNumberOfOperations) {NSLog(@"%lu of %lu complete", numberOfFinishedOperations, totalNumberOfOperations);} completionBlock:^(NSArray *operations) {NSLog(@"All operations in batch complete");}];[[NSOperationQueue mainQueue] addOperations:operations waitUntilFinished:NO];

　　上面的API是基於NSURLConnection，IOS7之後AFNetWorking還提供了基於NSURLSession的API　　 基於NSURLSession的API　　下載任務

NSURLSessionConfiguration *configuration = [NSURLSessionConfiguration defaultSessionConfiguration];AFURLSessionManager *manager = [[AFURLSessionManager alloc] initWithSessionConfiguration:configuration];NSURL *URL = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://example.com/download.zip"];NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:URL];NSURLSessionDownloadTask *downloadTask = [manager downloadTaskWithRequest:request progress:nil destination:^NSURL *(NSURL *targetPath, NSURLResponse *response) {NSURL *documentsDirectoryURL = [[NSFileManager defaultManager] URLForDirectory:NSDocumentDirectory inDomain:NSUserDomainMask appropriateForURL:nil create:NO error:nil];return [documentsDirectoryURL URLByAppendingPathComponent:[response suggestedFilename]];} completionHandler:^(NSURLResponse *response, NSURL *filePath, NSError *error) {NSLog(@"File downloaded to: %@", filePath);}];[downloadTask resume];

　　檔案上傳任務

NSURLSessionConfiguration *configuration = [NSURLSessionConfiguration defaultSessionConfiguration];AFURLSessionManager *manager = [[AFURLSessionManager alloc] initWithSessionConfiguration:configuration];NSURL *URL = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://example.com/upload"];NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:URL];NSURL *filePath = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:@"file://path/to/image.png"];NSURLSessionUploadTask *uploadTask = [manager uploadTaskWithRequest:request fromFile:filePath progress:nil completionHandler:^(NSURLResponse *response, id responseObject, NSError *error) {if (error) {NSLog(@"Error: %@", error);} else {NSLog(@"Success: %@ %@", response, responseObject);}}];[uploadTask resume];

　　帶進度的檔案上傳

NSMutableURLRequest *request = [[AFHTTPRequestSerializer serializer] multipartFormRequestWithMethod:@"POST" URLString:@"http://example.com/upload" parameters:nil constructingBodyWithBlock:^(id<AFMultipartFormData> formData) {[formData appendPartWithFileURL:[NSURL fileURLWithPath:@"file://path/to/image.jpg"] name:@"file" fileName:@"filename.jpg" mimeType:@"image/jpeg" error:nil];} error:nil];AFURLSessionManager *manager = [[AFURLSessionManager alloc] initWithSessionConfiguration:[NSURLSessionConfiguration defaultSessionConfiguration]];NSProgress *progress = nil;NSURLSessionUploadTask *uploadTask = [manager uploadTaskWithStreamedRequest:request progress:&progress completionHandler:^(NSURLResponse *response, id responseObject, NSError *error) {if (error) {NSLog(@"Error: %@", error);} else {NSLog(@"%@ %@", response, responseObject);}}];[uploadTask resume];NSURLSessionDataTaskNSURLSessionConfiguration *configuration = [NSURLSessionConfiguration defaultSessionConfiguration];AFURLSessionManager *manager = [[AFURLSessionManager alloc] initWithSessionConfiguration:configuration];NSURL *URL = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://example.com/upload"];NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:URL];NSURLSessionDataTask *dataTask = [manager dataTaskWithRequest:request completionHandler:^(NSURLResponse *response, id responseObject, NSError *error) {if (error) {NSLog(@"Error: %@", error);} else {NSLog(@"%@ %@", response, responseObject);}}];[dataTask resume];

　　 查看網路狀態　　蘋果官方提供Reachablity用來查看網路狀態，AFNetWorking也提供這方面的API

NSURL *baseURL = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://example.com/"];AFHTTPRequestOperationManager *manager = [[AFHTTPRequestOperationManager alloc] initWithBaseURL:baseURL];NSOperationQueue *operationQueue = manager.operationQueue;[manager.reachabilityManager setReachabilityStatusChangeBlock:^(AFNetworkReachabilityStatus status) {switch (status) {case AFNetworkReachabilityStatusReachableViaWWAN:case AFNetworkReachabilityStatusReachableViaWiFi:[operationQueue setSuspended:NO];break;case AFNetworkReachabilityStatusNotReachable:default:[operationQueue setSuspended:YES];break;}}];//開始監控[manager.reachabilityManager startMonitoring];

iOS網路訪問之使用AFNetworking