在asp中利用excel的一個方法是將excel檔案作為一個資料庫進行連結,然後的操作和對access資料庫操作類似.但是這個方法不是總能有用的，應為excel不是關係型的資料庫。對於一個固定格式,這個格式裡有複雜的儲存格合并,邊框線條樣式,還有圖案,儲存格之間還有公式關係等等的,我想最容易理解的就是在後台開啟一個已有設定好模板的檔案,然後在需要的地方插入資料,儲存,輸出... ...
這裡提到的這種方法是直接建立一個excel對象,在後台可以更方便的對excel文檔進行各種操作。
伺服器端還必須要設定的一點是COM組件的操作許可權。在命令列鍵入“DCOMCNFG”，則進入COM組件配置介面，選擇MicrosoftExcel後點擊屬性按鈕，將三個單選項一律選擇自訂，編輯中將Everyone加入所有許可權。儲存完畢後重新啟動伺服器。
很重要.不設定的話,別的電腦將無法完成excel對象的建立.
但是這種方法也有一個缺憾,在我實際操作中,如果伺服器上已有開啟的excel檔案,再執行同一檔案,就會出錯.暫時還搞不明白為何.可能還有一些地方沒設定好吧.
另外,上面引用的文章中執行個體代碼格式不太完整,其中很多換行和空格格式不準確,如果代碼完整,只要複製代碼,就可以運行成功,然後再慢慢進行研究修改,就很容易上手了.現把修改後的代碼如下(刪去了其中畫圖表的部分):
程式碼：
<% On Error Resume Next strAddr=Server.MapPath(".") set objExcelApp=CreateObject("Excel.Application") objExcelApp.DisplayAlerts=false objExcelApp.Application.Visible=false objExcelApp.WorkBooks.Open(strAddr&"\Templet\Null.xls") set objExcelBook=objExcelApp.ActiveWorkBook set objExcelSheets=objExcelBook.Worksheets set objExcelSheet=objExcelBook.Sheets(1) objExcelSheet.Range("B2:k2").Value=Array("Week1","Week2","Week3","Week4","Week5","Week6","Week7")objExcelSheet.Range("B3:k3").Value=Array("67","87","5","9","7","45","45","54","54","10") objExcelSheet.Range("B4:k4").Value=Array("10","10","8","27","33","37","50","54","10","10") objExcelSheet.Range("B5:k5").Value=Array("23","3","86","64","60","18","5","1","36","80") objExcelSheet.Cells(3,1).Value="InternetExplorer" objExcelSheet.Cells(4,1).Value="Netscape" objExcelSheet.Cells(5,1).Value="Other" objExcelSheet.Range("b2:k5").Select SaveAs(strAddr&"\Temp\Excel.xls") objExcelApp.Quit set objExcelApp=Nothing %> <!DOCTYPEHTMLPUBLIC"-//W3C//DTDHTML4.0Transitional//EN"> <HTML> <HEAD> <TITLE>NewDocument</TITLE> <METANAME="Generator"CONTENT="MicrosoftFrontPage5.0"> <METANAME="Author"CONTENT=""> <METANAME="Keywords"CONTENT=""> <METANAME="Description"CONTENT=""> </HEAD> <BODY> </BODY> </HTML>
操作完excel檔案需要將檔案進行輸出,實際弄一下,用ASP的redirect到excel方法,有時候是在IE中直接開啟,有時候是彈出"下載 開啟 儲存"視窗.如果需要直接在IE中開啟,不放用FSO載入excel檔案,然後在IE中輸出.
程式碼:
<% Dim Fso,FileExt,strFilePath,Mime strFilePath = "f:\aspxuexi.doc" Set Fso=Server.CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject") FileExt = Fso.GetExtensionName(strFilePath) Set fso=Nothing Select Case FileExt Case "doc" Mime="Application/msword" Case "xls" Mime="Application/msexcel" End Select Call OutPut(strFilePath,Mime) '###################################################### Function OutPut(strFilePath,Mime) Response.ContentType = Mime Const adTypeBinary = 1 Set objStream = Server.CreateObject("ADODB.Stream") objStream.Open objStream.Type = adTypeBinary objStream.LoadFromFile strFilePath Response.BinaryWrite objStream.Read objStream.Close Set objStream = Nothing End Function '###################################################### %>
在實際應用中.當伺服器端正在運行excel或ACCESS程式時,用戶端提交建立excel.application對象無法成功.另一種情況,當一個用戶端提交請求時,並沒有結束時,另一個用戶端提交的請求也無法成功!或許這個問題有別的解決方案,但是至少這是不穩定的.
正好我們部門內部網上有相關成功的例子,挖出來看,原來是在用戶端建立excel.application的.這樣,伺服器端不會再衝突.對於用戶端,因為是在區域網路內運行,客戶IE安全層級可以設低,並允許運行相關activeX(就是在IE工具選項中把各類涉及安全的東西都設為允許,具體的哪一項沒有去追究),即使沒有設定,IE也會彈出警告視窗:"是否允許運行activeX?"
實現的代碼和上篇日誌差不多,簡單的如下:
程式碼:
<script language="vbscript"> set objExcelApp=CreateObject("Excel.Application") objExcelApp.DisplayAlerts=true objExcelApp.WorkBooks.Open("http://XXX.XXX.XXX/XXX.xls") '完整網路地址的xls檔案,這個檔案已經設定好格式及列印樣式,儲存在伺服器上 set objExcelBook=objExcelApp.ActiveWorkBook set objExcelSheets=objExcelBook.Worksheets set objExcelSheet=objExcelBook.Sheets(1) '====此處為對excel儲存格進行填寫資料的語句,如果是從資料庫提取資料,可由背景程式產生這些語句,ASP中的示列: '如:response.write "objExcelSheet.Range(""B2"").Value="""&rs("XXX")&"""" '或 objExcelSheet.Range("B2").Value="<%=rs("XXX")%>" objExcelSheet.Range("B2:k2").Value=Array("Week1","Week2","Week3","Week4","Week5","Week6","Week7")objExcelSheet.Range("B3:k3").Value=Array("67","87","5","9","7","45","45","54","54","10") objExcelSheet.Range("B4:k4").Value=Array("10","10","8","27","33","37","50","54","10","10") objExcelSheet.Range("B5:k5").Value=Array("23","3","86","64","60","18","5","1","36","80") objExcelSheet.Cells(3,1).Value="InternetExplorer" objExcelSheet.Cells(4,1).Value="Netscape" objExcelSheet.Cells(5,1).Value="Other" '================== 'objExcelApp.Quit 'set objExcelApp=Nothing </script>
上述代碼中
'objExcelApp.Quit 'set objExcelApp=Nothing
作為取消執行,因為此處不要關閉excel.applicaition,不然資料填完後,excel會關閉掉.這時在用戶端開啟的excel檔案需要由客戶進行修改或列印等操作。
以上就是利用ASP輸出excel檔案的全部過程，希望對大家的學習有所協助。
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