Linux查看系統硬體資訊(執行個體詳解)

Linux查看系統硬體資訊(執行個體詳解) [html] blue@blue-pc:~$ lscpu  Architecture:          i686            #cpu架構  CPU op-mode(s):        32-bit, 64-bit  Byte Order:            Little Endian   #小尾序  CPU(s):                4               #總共有4核  On-line CPU(s) list:   0-3  Thread(s) per core:    1               #每個cpu核，只能支援一個線程，即不支援超執行緒  Core(s) per socket:    4               #每個cpu，有4個核  Socket(s):             1               #總共有1一個cpu  Vendor ID:             GenuineIntel    #cpu產商 intel  CPU family:            6  Model:                 42  Stepping:              7  CPU MHz:               1600.000  BogoMIPS:              5986.12  Virtualization:        VT-x            #支援cpu虛擬化技術  L1d cache:             32K  L1i cache:             32K  L2 cache:              256K  L3 cache:              6144K   查看/proc/cpuinfo,可以知道每個cpu資訊，如每個CPU的型號，主頻等。[html] #cat /proc/cpuinfo  processor    : 0  vendor_id    : GenuineIntel  cpu family    : 6  model        : 42  model name    : Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-2320 CPU @ 3.00GHz  .....   上面輸出的是第一個cpu部分資訊，還有3個cpu資訊省略了。記憶體概要查看記憶體情況 [html] free -m               total       used       free     shared    buffers     cached  Mem:          3926       3651        274          0         12        404  -/+ buffers/cache:       3235        691  Swap:         9536         31       9505   這裡的單位是MB，總共的記憶體是3926MB。[html] # cat /proc/meminfo   MemTotal:        4020868 kB  MemFree:          230884 kB  Buffers:            7600 kB  Cached:           454772 kB  SwapCached:          836 kB  .....   查看記憶體硬體資訊[html] dmidecode -t memory  # dmidecode 2.11  SMBIOS 2.7 present.    Handle 0x0008, DMI type 16, 23 bytes  Physical Memory Array      Location: System Board Or Motherboard  ....      Maximum Capacity: 32 GB  ....    Handle 0x000A, DMI type 17, 34 bytes  ....  Memory Device      Array Handle: 0x0008      Error Information Handle: Not Provided      Total Width: 64 bits      Data Width: 64 bits      Size: 4096 MB  .....   我的主板有4個槽位，只用了一個槽位，上面插了一條4096MB的記憶體。磁碟查看硬碟和分區分布 [html] # lsblk  NAME   MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT  sda      8:0    0 465.8G  0 disk   ├─sda1   8:1    0     1G  0 part /boot  ├─sda2   8:2    0   9.3G  0 part [SWAP]  ├─sda3   8:3    0  74.5G  0 part /  ├─sda4   8:4    0     1K  0 part   ├─sda5   8:5    0 111.8G  0 part /home  └─sda6   8:6    0 269.2G  0 part   顯示很直觀[html] # fdisk -l    Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes  heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders, total 976773168 sectors  Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes  Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes  I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes  Disk identifier: 0x00023728       Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System  /dev/sda1   *        2048     2148351     1073152   83  Linux  /dev/sda2         2148352    21680127     9765888   82  Linux swap / Solaris  /dev/sda3        21680128   177930239    78125056   83  Linux  /dev/sda4       177932286   976771071   399419393    5  Extended/dev/sda5       177932288   412305407   117186560   83  Linux  /dev/sda6       412307456   976771071   282231808   83  Linux   網卡查看網卡硬體資訊 [html] # lspci | grep -i 'eth'  02:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168B PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet controller (rev 06)   查看系統的所有網路介面[html] # ifconfig -a  eth0      Link encap:乙太網路  硬體地址 b8:97:5a:17:b3:8f              .....    lo        Link encap:本地環回              .....   或者是[html] ip link show  1: lo: <LOOPBACK> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state DOWN   link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00  2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000  link/ether b8:97:5a:17:b3:8f brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff   如果要查看某個網路介面的詳細資料，例如eth0的詳細參數和指標[html] # ethtool eth0  Settings for eth0:      Supported ports: [ TP MII ]      Supported link modes:   10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full                               100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full                               1000baseT/Half 1000baseT/Full #支援千兆半雙工，全雙工系統模式      Supported pause frame use: No       Supports auto-negotiation: Yes #支援自適應模式，一般都支援      Advertised link modes:  10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full                               100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full                               1000baseT/Half 1000baseT/Full      Advertised pause frame use: Symmetric Receive-only      Advertised auto-negotiation: Yes #預設使用自適應模式      Link partner advertised link modes:  10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full                                            100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full       .....      Speed: 100Mb/s #現在網卡的速度是100Mb,網卡使用自適應模式，所以推測路由是100Mb，導致網卡從支援千兆，變成要支援百兆      Duplex: Full   #全雙工系統      .....      Link detected: yes    #表示有網線串連，和路由是通的   其他查看pci資訊，即主板所有硬體槽資訊。 [html] lspci  00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 2nd Generation Core Processor Family DRAM Controller (rev 09) #主板晶片  00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 2nd Generation Core Processor Family Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 09) #顯卡  00:14.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Panther Point USB xHCI Host Controller (rev 04) #usb控制器  00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation Panther Point MEI Controller #1 (rev 04)  00:1a.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Panther Point USB Enhanced Host Controller #2 (rev 04)  00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation Panther Point High Definition Audio Controller (rev 04) #音效卡  00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Panther Point PCI Express Root Port 1 (rev c4) #pci 插槽  00:1c.2 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Panther Point PCI Express Root Port 3 (rev c4)  00:1c.3 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Panther Point PCI Express Root Port 4 (rev c4)  00:1d.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Panther Point USB Enhanced Host Controller #1 (rev 04)  00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation Panther Point LPC Controller (rev 04)  00:1f.2 IDE interface: Intel Corporation Panther Point 4 port SATA Controller [IDE mode] (rev 04) #硬碟介面  00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation Panther Point SMBus Controller (rev 04)  00:1f.5 IDE interface: Intel Corporation Panther Point 2 port SATA Controller [IDE mode] (rev 04) #硬碟介面  02:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168B PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet controller (rev 06) #網卡  03:00.0 PCI bridge: Integrated Technology Express, Inc. Device 8893 (rev 41)   如果要更詳細的資訊:lspci -v 或者 lspci -vv 如果要看裝置樹:lscpi -t 查看bios資訊 [html] # dmidecode -t bios  ......  BIOS Information      Vendor: American Megatrends Inc.      Version: 4.6.5      Release Date: 04/25/2012      .......      BIOS Revision: 4.6  ......   dmidecode以一種可讀的方式dump出機器的DMI(Desktop Management Interface)資訊。這些資訊包括了硬體以及BIOS，既可以得到當前的配置，也可以得到系統支援的最大配置，比如說支援的最大記憶體數等。 如果要查看所有有用資訊 [html] dmidecode -q   裡麵包含了很多硬體資訊。