server|window 本篇是介紹在WINDOWS SERVER 2003中碰到的啟動問題一般流程。
A successful Windows startup includes of the following four phases:
1個成功的WINDOWS啟動半含以下四個階段
·Initial phase 初始化階段
·Boot loader phase 啟動運行階段
·Kernel phase 核心運行階段
·Logon phase登陸階段
If a problem occurs during one of these phases, Windows may not start correctly, and you may experience one of the following problems:
如果發生其中一個問題。WDINDOWS可能不會正確啟動，你也許會碰到其中之一問題。
The computer stops responding (hangs). 電腦停止相應（掛起）
You receive an error message.收到一個出錯資訊
If a startup problem occurs after you click Microsoft Windows Server 2003 on either the boot loader menu or when you receive the "Please select the operating system to start" message, files that the operating system needs may be missing or damaged. Windows provides a variety of options that you can use to troubleshoot this issue, including Safe mode, the Recovery Console, and an Emergency Repair disk.
如果啟動問題發生在你通過啟動選擇菜單或當你收到“請選擇一個作業系統”點擊 Microsoft Windows Server 2003 之後發生的，這表明作業系統消失或已損壞。WINDOWS提供一系列操作以便你修複此問題，包括安全模式、修復主控台和緊急修複磁碟。
How to Start the Computer by Using the Last Known Good
如何通過使用最後一次正確配置啟動電腦
Configuration
配置
If the startup problem occurs immediately after you make a change to the computer (for example, after you install a new driver), try to start the computer by using the Last Known Good Configuration feature.
如果啟動問題是在你對電腦發生了一點變化後才出現的（例如，在你安裝了一個新的驅動程式），那就盡量使用最後一次正確配置啟動電腦。
When you use the Last Known Good Configuration feature, you start your computer by using the most recent settings that worked. This feature restores registry information and driver settings that were in effect the last time the computer started successfully. Use this feature when you cannot start Windows after you make a change to the computer (for example, after you install or upgrade a device driver).
當你使用最後一次正確配置的發法，電腦會根據最新一次正確設定來啟動電腦。這個方法就是恢複上次成功啟動電腦的註冊表資訊和驅動程式設定。當你不能在改變電腦設定之後正常啟動你可以使用此辦法（比如：安裝和升級驅動程式）
To start the computer by using Last Known Good Configuration, follow these steps:
通過使用最後一次正確配置啟動電腦，按照下來步驟
1.Click Start, and then click Shut Down. 開始－關機
2.Click Restart, and then click OK. 重啟－確定
3.When you see the message Please select the operating system to start, press the F8 key.
當你看到 請選擇作業系統 的資訊時 按F8
4.Use the arrow keys to select Last Known Good Configuration, and then press ENTER.
使用箭頭選擇 最後一次正確配置 按 ENTER
NOTE: NUM LOCK must be off before the arrow keys on the numeric keypad will function.
注意：在你使用數字鍵台的方向鍵必須確保NUM LOCK關閉
5. If you are running other operating systems on the computer, click Microsoft Windows Server 2003 in the list, and then press ENTER.
如果你在電腦上有其他動作系統，點擊 Microsoft Windows Server 2003 列表中，並按 ENTER
NOTES:
注意
·By selecting Last Known Good Configuration, you can recover from problems such as a newly added driver that may be incorrect for your hardware. This feature does not solve problems caused by corrupted or missing drivers or files.
通過選擇 最後一次正確配置 你能從諸如新增加的對硬體不正確驅動程式而引發的問題恢複系統。但這不能解決遭到破壞或丟失驅動程式或檔案而引發的問題。
·When you select Last Known Good Configuration, only the information in registry key HKLM\System\CurrentControlSet is restored. Any changes you have made in other registry keys remain.
當你選擇 最後一次正確配置,僅僅是恢複HKLM\System\CurrentControlSet註冊表的內容。任何你在其他的註冊表的內容不會變動。
If you can start your computer by using Last Known Good Configuration, the last change that you made to the computer (for example, the installation of a driver) may be the cause of the incorrect startup behavior. Microsoft recommends that you either remove or update the driver or program, and then test Windows for correct startup.
如果你通過使用 最後一次正確配置 啟動電腦，你對電腦所做的最新變化（比如：安裝驅動程式）可能會引起不正確的啟動表現。MICROSOFT建議你不要卸載或更新驅動程式
How to Start the Computer in Safe Mode
如何在安全模式啟動電腦
When you start the computer in Safe mode, Windows loads only the drivers and computer services that you need. You can use Safe mode when you have to identify and resolve problems that are caused by faulty drivers, programs, or services that start automatically.
當你在安全模式啟動電腦，WINDOWS僅僅載入所需的驅動程式和電腦服務。當你不得不確定和解決由錯誤的驅動程式，應用程式或啟動載入的服務，你就要驅動安全模式。
If the computer starts successfully in Safe mode but it does not start in normal mode, the computer may have a conflict with the hardware settings or the resources. There may be incompatibilities with programs, services, or drivers, or there may be registry damage. In Safe mode, you can disable or remove a program, service, or device driver that may prevent the computer from starting.
如果電腦在安全模式成功啟動但是不能正常模式啟動，電腦可能在硬體設定或資源上發生衝突。這可能是程式、服務或驅動的不相容性，或者註冊表損壞。在安全模式，你可以禁用或卸載程式、服務或阻止電腦啟動的驅動程式
To troubleshoot startup problems in Safe mode, follow these steps:
為在安全模式下解決啟動問題，請按照下列步驟
1.Click Start, and then click Shut Down. 開始－關機
2.Click Restart, and then click OK. 重啟－確定
3.When you see the message Please select the operating system to start, press F8.
當你看到 請選擇作業系統 按F8
4.In Windows Advanced Option Menu, use the arrow keys to select Safe Mode, and then press ENTER.
在WINDOWS進階選擇菜單用箭頭選擇 安全模式 並按ENTER
NOTE: NUM LOCK must be off before the arrow keys on the numeric keypad will function.
注意：當你使用數字鍵台的方向鍵NUM LOCK必須關閉
5.If you are running other operating systems on the computer, click Microsoft Windows Server 2003 on the list that is displayed, and then press ENTER.
當你電腦還有其他動作系統，點擊列表 MICROSOFT WINDOWS SERVER 2003 並按ENTER
6.Do one of the following:
按照其中之一步驟
If the computer does not start in Safe mode, try starting the computer by using the Recovery Console. If you still cannot start the computer, look for possible hardware problems, such as defective devices, installation problems, cabling problems, or connector problems. Remove any newly added hardware, and then restart the computer to see if the problem is resolved.
如果電腦不能在安全模式啟動，盡量使用修復主控台啟動電腦。如果你依然不能啟動電腦，尋找硬體問題，諸如有問題的驅動程式、安裝問題、連接線問題。去掉新增加的硬體並且通過重新啟動電腦看是否解決問題。
If the computer starts in Safe mode, go to the next section to continue to troubleshoot the startup issue.
如果電腦在安全模式下啟動，轉到下一步繼續解決啟動問題。可能你是目前很少用到通過網路構建系統，WIN2003是基於.NET的，最核心就是構建伺服器、維護伺服器、管理伺服器。查看事件記錄可以獲得額外的資訊，這些也許可以協助你判斷啟動問題的原因。按照下列步驟可以查看事件記錄
1.Do one of the following:
步驟如下
Click Start, point to Administrative Tools, and then click Event Viewer.
開始－管理工具－事件檢視器
Start the Event Viewer snap-in in Microsoft Management Console (MMC).
啟動內嵌再微軟管理主控台的事件檢視器
2.In the console tree, expand Event Viewer, and then click the log that you want to view. For example, click System log or Application log.
在控制台分類樹中，擴充 事件檢視器 然後點擊你想看的日誌，比如系統日誌或應用程式記錄檔
3.In the details pane, double-click the event that you want to view.
雙擊你想查看的事件可以可以獲得事件詳細資料
To copy the details of the event, click Copy, open a new document in the program in which you want to paste the event (for example, Microsoft Word), and then click Paste on the Edit menu.
複製事件詳細資料，點擊 複製, 開啟一個想粘貼到某個程式的新的檔案（比如：Microsoft Word）然後在編輯菜單點擊 粘貼
4.To view the description of the previous event or the next event, press the UP ARROW key or the DOWN ARROW key.
為了查看上一個或下一個事件的表述，按上箭頭或下方向鍵
To Use System Information to Identify the Cause of the Startup Problem
使用系統資訊識別啟動問題的原因
The System Information tool displays a comprehensive view of the computer's hardware, the system components, and the software environment. Use this tool to help identify possible problem devices and device conflicts. To do this, follow these steps:
系統資訊工具完整的顯示電腦硬體情況，系統組件和軟體環境。通過使用可以協助識別驅動程式的問題和衝突。如要做到這一點，按照下面步驟
1.Click Start, and then click Run. 開始－運行
2.In the Open box, type msinfo32, and then click OK. 開啟－MSINFO32－確定
3.Look for problem devices or device conflicts. To do so: 尋找問題驅動和驅動衝突，按下面做
1.In the console tree, expand Components, and then click Problem Devices.
在主控台樹狀目錄擴充 組件，然後點擊 有問題的裝置
Note any devices that are listed in the right pane. 任何有問題的裝置在右邊的視窗列出
2.In the console tree, expand Hardware Resources, and then click Conflicts/Sharing.
在主控台樹狀目錄擴充 硬體資源，然後點擊 衝突/共用
Note any resource conflicts that are listed in the right pane. 任何有問題的裝置在右邊的視窗列出
3.If you identify a problem device, perform the appropriate action (for example, remove, disable, or reconfigure the device, or update the driver), and then restart the computer in normal mode.
如果你確定了一個有問題的社別，就進行適當的操作（比如：取出、禁用或重配置裝置或更新驅動程式），然後在正常模式重啟電腦。
You can use Device Manager to remove or disable devices and their drivers. For more information about Device Manager, see the Use Device Manager to Identify the Cause of the Startup Problem section of this article.
你可以使用 裝置管理 去除或禁用裝置和相關的驅動程式。想獲得更多的關於裝置管理員資訊參考使用裝置管理員確定啟動問題原因。
If the computer starts correctly, that particular device may be the cause of the startup problem.
如果電腦正確啟動，那特定的驅動程式可能會影響啟動問題
If you disabled a device to resolve the problem, make sure that the device is listed on the Windows Server 2003 Hardware Compatibility List (HCL), and that it is installed correctly. Also, contact the manufacturer to report the behavior and to obtain information about possible updates that can resolve the startup problem. For information about how to contact computer hardware manufacturers, click the appropriate article number in the following list to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base:
如果禁用裝置可以解決問題，那麼請確認該裝置是在WINDOWS SERVER
2003 硬體相容列中（HCL），而且它被正確的安裝。同樣，向聯絡生產商彙報該現象以便擷取能解決啟動問題的可能更新。關於如何聯絡電腦硬體的生產商的更多資訊，點擊下面列表中相應的數字。
65416 Hardware and Software Third-Party Vendor Contact List, A-K 第三方硬體軟體生產商聯絡列表 A-K
微軟提供第三放的聯絡資訊可以協助你找到支援人員。這些聯絡資訊可能會在沒有通知的情況下改變，微軟並不保證這些第三方聯絡資訊的正確性。
4.If no device conflicts or problem devices are reported by the System Information tool, look for programs that start automatically when Windows starts. To do so, follow these steps:
如果沒有衝突的驅動程式或問題驅動在系統資訊工具中報告，尋找隨WINDOWS啟動的應用程式。如何做到這一點，往下看
1.In the console tree, expand Software Environment, and then click Startup Programs.
在主控台樹狀目錄擴充 軟體環境，然後點擊 啟動程式
Programs that start automatically when Windows starts are listed in the right pane. 隨WINDOWS啟動的應用程式在右邊視窗列出
2.Disable the programs, and then restart the computer.
禁用這些程式然後重啟電腦
For information about how to disable the program, see the program documentation or contact the manufacturer.
更多的關於如何禁用程式，查照程式檔案或聯絡製作商
3.If you disable the startup programs, and the startup problem is resolved, enable the programs again, one at a time.
如果你禁用啟動程式，然後問題解決，再次啟動該程式
Shut down and restart the computer each time you enable a program, and note if the incorrect startup behavior occurs. If the behavior occurs, the last program that you enabled may be causing the incorrect startup behavior.
每次啟動一個程式後關機然後重啟，並且注意是否有不正確的啟動行為。如果發生，那即使最後一個引起不正確啟動的程式。
