Windows 8 Store Apps學習(62) 通訊: Socket TCP, Socket UDP

介紹

重新想象 Windows 8 Store Apps 之 通訊

Socket - Tcp Demo

Socket - 實現一個自訂的 http server

Socket - Udp Demo

樣本

1、示範 socket tcp 的應用（本例既做服務端又做用戶端）

Communication/Socket/TcpDemo.xaml

<Page    x:Class="XamlDemo.Communication.Socket.TcpDemo"    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"    xmlns:local="using:XamlDemo.Communication.Socket"    xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"    xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"    mc:Ignorable="d">        <Grid Background="Transparent">        <StackPanel Margin="120 0 0 0" Orientation="Horizontal">                            <StackPanel>                <Button Name="btnStartListener" Content="start a socket listener" Click="btnStartListener_Click" />                <Button Name="btnConnectListener" Content="connect to the socket listener" Click="btnConnectListener_Click" Margin="0 10 0 0" />                <Button Name="btnSendData" Content="send data" Click="btnSendData_Click" Margin="0 10 0 0" />                <Button Name="btnCloseSocket" Content="close server socket and client socket" Click="btnCloseSocket_Click" Margin="0 10 0 0" />            </StackPanel>                            <TextBlock Name="lblMsg" FontSize="14.667" TextWrapping="Wrap" Margin="20 0 0 0" />                        </StackPanel>    </Grid></Page>

Communication/Socket/TcpDemo.xaml.cs

/* * 示範 socket tcp 的應用（本例既做服務端又做用戶端） *  * 通過 StreamSocketListener 實現 tcp 通訊的服務端的 socket 監聽 * 通過 StreamSocket 實現 tcp 通訊的用戶端 socket *  * 註：需要在 Package.appxmanifest 中增加配置 <Capability Name="privateNetworkClientServer" /> */    using System;using Windows.Networking;using Windows.Networking.Sockets;using Windows.Storage.Streams;using Windows.UI.Core;using Windows.UI.Xaml;using Windows.UI.Xaml.Controls;    namespace XamlDemo.Communication.Socket{    public sealed partial class TcpDemo : Page    {        /// <summary>        /// 服務端 socket        /// </summary>        private StreamSocketListener _listener;            /// <summary>        /// 用戶端 socket        /// </summary>        private StreamSocket _client;            /// <summary>        /// 用戶端向服務端發送資料時的 DataWriter        /// </summary>        private DataWriter _writer;            public TcpDemo()        {            this.InitializeComponent();        }            // 在服務端啟動一個 socket 監聽        private async void btnStartListener_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)        {            // 執行個體化一個 socket 監聽對象            _listener = new StreamSocketListener();            // 監聽在接收到一個串連後所觸發的事件            _listener.ConnectionReceived += _listener_ConnectionReceived;                try            {                // 在指定的連接埠上啟動 socket 監聽                await _listener.BindServiceNameAsync("2211");                    lblMsg.Text += "已經在原生 2211 連接埠啟動了 socket(tcp) 監聽";                lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;                }            catch (Exception ex)            {                SocketErrorStatus errStatus = SocketError.GetStatus(ex.HResult);                    lblMsg.Text += "errStatus: " + errStatus.ToString();                lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;                lblMsg.Text += ex.ToString();                lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;            }        }            // socket 監聽接收到一個串連後        async void _listener_ConnectionReceived(StreamSocketListener sender, StreamSocketListenerConnectionReceivedEventArgs args)        {            // 執行個體化一個 DataReader，用於讀取資料            DataReader reader = new DataReader(args.Socket.InputStream);                await this.Dispatcher.RunAsync(CoreDispatcherPriority.Normal, () =>            {                lblMsg.Text += "服務端收到了來自: " + args.Socket.Information.RemoteHostName.RawName + ":" + args.Socket.Information.RemotePort + " 的 socket 串連";                lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;            });                try            {                while (true)                {                    // 自訂協議（header|body）：前4個位元組代表實際資料的長度，之後的實際資料為一個字串資料                        // 讀取 header                    uint sizeFieldCount = await reader.LoadAsync(sizeof(uint));                    if (sizeFieldCount != sizeof(uint))                    {                        // 在擷取到合法資料之前，socket 關閉了                        return;                    }                        // 讀取 body                    uint stringLength = reader.ReadUInt32();                    uint actualStringLength = await reader.LoadAsync(stringLength);                    if (stringLength != actualStringLength)                    {                        // 在擷取到合法資料之前，socket 關閉了                        return;                    }                        await this.Dispatcher.RunAsync(CoreDispatcherPriority.Normal,                    () =>                    {                        // 顯示用戶端發送過來的資料                        lblMsg.Text += "接收到資料: " + reader.ReadString(actualStringLength);                        lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;                    });                }            }            catch (Exception ex)            {                var ignore = this.Dispatcher.RunAsync(CoreDispatcherPriority.Normal, () =>                {                    SocketErrorStatus errStatus = SocketError.GetStatus(ex.HResult);                        lblMsg.Text += "errStatus: " + errStatus.ToString();                    lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;                    lblMsg.Text += ex.ToString();                    lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;                });            }        }            // 建立一個用戶端 socket，並串連到服務端 socket        private async void btnConnectListener_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)        {            HostName hostName;            try            {                hostName = new HostName("127.0.0.1");            }            catch (Exception ex)            {                lblMsg.Text += ex.ToString();                lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;                    return;            }                // 執行個體化一個用戶端 socket 對象            _client = new StreamSocket();                try            {                // 串連到指定的服務端 socket                await _client.ConnectAsync(hostName, "2211");                    lblMsg.Text += "已經串連上了 127.0.0.1:2211";                lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;            }            catch (Exception ex)            {                SocketErrorStatus errStatus = SocketError.GetStatus(ex.HResult);                    lblMsg.Text += "errStatus: " + errStatus.ToString();                lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;                lblMsg.Text += ex.ToString();                lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;            }        }            // 從用戶端 socket 發送一個字串資料到服務端 socket        private async void btnSendData_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)        {            // 執行個體化一個 DataWriter，用於發送資料            if (_writer == null)                _writer = new DataWriter(_client.OutputStream);                // 自訂協議（header|body）：前4個位元組代表實際資料的長度，之後的實際資料為一個字串資料                string data = "hello webabcd " + DateTime.Now.ToString("hh:mm:ss");            _writer.WriteUInt32(_writer.MeasureString(data)); // 寫 header 資料            _writer.WriteString(data); // 寫 body 資料                try            {                // 發送資料                await _writer.StoreAsync();                    lblMsg.Text += "資料已發送: " + data;                lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;            }            catch (Exception ex)            {                SocketErrorStatus errStatus = SocketError.GetStatus(ex.HResult);                    lblMsg.Text += "errStatus: " + errStatus.ToString();                lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;                lblMsg.Text += ex.ToString();                lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;            }        }            // 關閉用戶端 socket 和服務端 socket        private void btnCloseSocket_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)        {            try            {                _writer.DetachStream(); // 分離 DataWriter 與 Stream 的關聯                _writer.Dispose();                    _client.Dispose();                _listener.Dispose();                    lblMsg.Text += "服務端 socket 和用戶端 socket 都關閉了";                lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;            }            catch (Exception ex)            {                lblMsg.Text += ex.ToString();                lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;            }        }    }}