Windows Phone7推播通知服務

跟林永堅老師說wp7

代碼下載

概述：

• 為什麼使用推送服務
• 推播通知服務的原理
• 使用規範
• 訊息類型（Raw Notification，Toast Notification,tile Notification） 
• 定時更新Tile

首先為什麼使用推送服務？Windows Phone執行模型決定了只有一個第三方的應用可以在前台運行，所以第三方的應用就不能在後台不斷的往cloud拉資料，微軟提供推播通知服務給第三方應用取得更新通知的訊息，伺服器主動發起通訊，可以減少電池的消耗，

那麼推播通知服務的過程和原理是怎樣的 呢：

• WP裝置到MPNS註冊PN服務，並得到唯一的URI，
• Wp裝置吧服務URI傳遞給Cloud服務，並註冊
• 當有更新訊息發生時，Cloud往MPNS發送通知
• MPNS把訊息把更新通知發送到WP裝置上

 使用規範：

wp7.0版本只支援最多15個推播通知服務，所以最好詢問使用者是否使用推播通知服務，為使用者提供取消訂閱的選項

訊息類型：

• Raw Notification：可以發送任何格式的資料，應用程式可以根據需要加工資料，只有在程式啟動並執行時候才接收訊息
• Toast Notification：發送的資料指定為XML,如果程式正在運行，訊息發送到應用中，如果程式沒有在運行，彈出Toast 訊息框顯示訊息，
• Tile Notification:發送的資料指定為XML，程式運行時不會接收訊息，只有程式被Pin To Start時，更新資料才會發送到Start Screen的 Tile裡面，包含三個屬性：背景，標題，數目，每個屬性都有固定的格式與位置，可以使用其中的屬性，不一定三個一起使用,

Xaml.cs代碼：

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Net;using System.Windows;using System.Windows.Controls;using System.Windows.Documents;using System.Windows.Input;using System.Windows.Media;using System.Windows.Media.Animation;using System.Windows.Shapes;using Microsoft.Phone.Controls;using Microsoft.Phone.Notification;using System.Diagnostics;using System.IO;using System.Text;namespace PushNotifications{    public partial class MainPage : PhoneApplicationPage    {        HttpNotificationChannel httpchanel;        string channelname = "channel1";        // Constructor        public MainPage()        {            InitializeComponent();        }        private void button1_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)        {            httpchanel = HttpNotificationChannel.Find(channelname);            if (httpchanel != null)            {                httpchanel.Close();                httpchanel.Dispose();            }            httpchanel = new HttpNotificationChannel(channelname, "NotificationService");            httpchanel.ChannelUriUpdated += new EventHandler<NotificationChannelUriEventArgs>(httpchanel_ChannelUriUpdated);            httpchanel.ErrorOccurred += new EventHandler<NotificationChannelErrorEventArgs>(httpchanel_ErrorOccurred);            httpchanel.HttpNotificationReceived += new EventHandler<HttpNotificationEventArgs>(httpchanel_HttpNotificationReceived);           //程式運行時處理toast;            httpchanel.ShellToastNotificationReceived += new EventHandler<NotificationEventArgs>(httpchanel_ShellToastNotificationReceived);            httpchanel.Open();            //程式不在運行時處理toast;            httpchanel.BindToShellToast();            //程式不在運行時處理toast;            httpchanel.BindToShellTile();        }        void httpchanel_ShellToastNotificationReceived(object sender, NotificationEventArgs e)        {            StringBuilder message = new StringBuilder();            string relativeUri = string.Empty;            message.AppendFormat("Received Toast {0}:\n", DateTime.Now.ToShortTimeString());            // Parse out the information that was part of the message.            foreach (string key in e.Collection.Keys)            {                message.AppendFormat("{0}: {1}\n", key, e.Collection[key]);                if (string.Compare(                    key,                    "wp:Param",                    System.Globalization.CultureInfo.InvariantCulture,                    System.Globalization.CompareOptions.IgnoreCase) == 0)                {                    relativeUri = e.Collection[key];                }            }            // Display a dialog of all the fields in the toast.            Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(() => MessageBox.Show(message.ToString()));        }        void httpchanel_HttpNotificationReceived(object sender, HttpNotificationEventArgs e)        {            using(var Reader=new StreamReader(e.Notification.Body))            {                string msg = Reader.ReadToEnd();                Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(() => {                    MessageBox.Show(msg);                });            }        }        void httpchanel_ErrorOccurred(object sender, NotificationChannelErrorEventArgs e)        {            Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(()=>{                MessageBox.Show(e.Message);            });        }        void httpchanel_ChannelUriUpdated(object sender, NotificationChannelUriEventArgs e)        {            Debug.WriteLine("ChannelUri{0}", e.ChannelUri);        }    }}

　　

 xaml代碼：

<phone:PhoneApplicationPage     x:Class="PushNotifications.MainPage"    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"    xmlns:phone="clr-namespace:Microsoft.Phone.Controls;assembly=Microsoft.Phone"    xmlns:shell="clr-namespace:Microsoft.Phone.Shell;assembly=Microsoft.Phone"    xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"    xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"    mc:Ignorable="d" d:DesignWidth="480" d:DesignHeight="768"    FontFamily="{StaticResource PhoneFontFamilyNormal}"    FontSize="{StaticResource PhoneFontSizeNormal}"    Foreground="{StaticResource PhoneForegroundBrush}"    SupportedOrientations="Portrait" Orientation="Portrait"    shell:SystemTray.IsVisible="True">    <!--LayoutRoot is the root grid where all page content is placed-->    <Grid x:Name="LayoutRoot" Background="Transparent">        <Grid.RowDefinitions>            <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>            <RowDefinition Height="*"/>        </Grid.RowDefinitions>        <!--TitlePanel contains the name of the application and page title-->        <StackPanel x:Name="TitlePanel" Grid.Row="0" Margin="12,17,0,28">            <TextBlock x:Name="ApplicationTitle" Text="示範程式" Style="{StaticResource PhoneTextNormalStyle}"/>            <TextBlock x:Name="PageTitle" Text="推播通知服務" Margin="9,-7,0,0" Style="{StaticResource PhoneTextTitle1Style}"/>        </StackPanel>        <!--ContentPanel - place additional content here-->        <Grid x:Name="ContentPanel" Grid.Row="1" Margin="12,0,12,0">            <Button Content="串連" Height="72" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="44,50,0,0" Name="button1" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="160" Click="button1_Click" />            <TextBlock Height="124" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="44,160,0,0" Name="textBlock1" Text="TextBlock" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="269" />        </Grid>    </Grid>     <!--Sample code showing usage of ApplicationBar-->    <!--<phone:PhoneApplicationPage.ApplicationBar>        <shell:ApplicationBar IsVisible="True" IsMenuEnabled="True">            <shell:ApplicationBarIconButton IconUri="/Images/appbar_button1.png" Text="Button 1"/>            <shell:ApplicationBarIconButton IconUri="/Images/appbar_button2.png" Text="Button 2"/>            <shell:ApplicationBar.MenuItems>                <shell:ApplicationBarMenuItem Text="MenuItem 1"/>                <shell:ApplicationBarMenuItem Text="MenuItem 2"/>            </shell:ApplicationBar.MenuItems>        </shell:ApplicationBar>    </phone:PhoneApplicationPage.ApplicationBar>--></phone:PhoneApplicationPage>

　　雲端程式處理代碼：

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.ComponentModel;using System.Data;using System.Drawing;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Windows.Forms;using System.Net;using System.IO;namespace CloudServer{    public partial class Form1 : Form    {        public Form1()        {            InitializeComponent();        }        private void SendRawMsg(byte[] bytes)        {            HttpWebRequest sendrequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(textBox1.Text);            sendrequest.Method = WebRequestMethods.Http.Post;            sendrequest.Headers["X-MessageID"] = Guid.NewGuid().ToString();            sendrequest.ContentType = "text/xml;charset=utf-8";            sendrequest.Headers.Add("X-NotificationClass", "3");            sendrequest.ContentLength = bytes.Length;            byte[] notificationmsg = bytes;            using (Stream requeststream = sendrequest.GetRequestStream())            {                requeststream.Write(notificationmsg, 0, notificationmsg.Length);            }            HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)sendrequest.GetResponse();            string msgstatus = response.Headers["X-NotificationStatus"];            string channelstatus = response.Headers["X-SubscriptionStatus"];            string devicestatus = response.Headers["X-DeviceConnectionStatus"];            label6.Text = string.Format("訊息狀態:{0},管道狀態：{1},裝置串連狀態：{2}", msgstatus, channelstatus, devicestatus);        }        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)        {            string msg = string.Format("訊息類型：{0}{1}{2},{3}度", comboBox1.Text, comboBox2.Text, comboBox3.Text, textBox5.Text);            string type = comboBox1.Text.ToUpper();            MessageBox.Show(type);            if (type == "RAW")            {                byte[] strbytes = new UTF8Encoding().GetBytes(msg);                SendRawMsg(strbytes);            }            if (type == "TOAST")            {                string toastMessage = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\"?>" +             "<wp:Notification xmlns:wp=\"WPNotification\">" +                "<wp:Toast>" +                     "<wp:Text1>天氣更新</wp:Text1>" +                     "<wp:Text2>" + msg + "</wp:Text2>" +                "</wp:Toast> " +             "</wp:Notification>";                byte[] strbytes = new UTF8Encoding().GetBytes(toastMessage);                SendToastMsg(strbytes);            }            if (type == "TILE")            {                string tileMessage = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\"?>" +                        "<wp:Notification xmlns:wp=\"WPNotification\">" +                            "<wp:Tile>" +                              "<wp:BackgroundImage>Red.jpg</wp:BackgroundImage>" +                              "<wp:Title>" + msg + "</wp:Title>" +                           "</wp:Tile> " +                        "</wp:Notification>";                byte[] strbytes = new UTF8Encoding().GetBytes(tileMessage);                SendTileMsg(strbytes);            }        }        private void SendTileMsg(byte[] tile)        {            try            {                // Get the URI that the Microsoft Push Notification Service returns to the push client when creating a notification channel.                // Normally, a web service would listen for URIs coming from the web client and maintain a list of URIs to send                // notifications out to.                string subscriptionUri = textBox1.Text;                HttpWebRequest sendNotificationRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(subscriptionUri);                // Create an HTTPWebRequest that posts the toast notification to the Microsoft Push Notification Service.                // HTTP POST is the only method allowed to send the notification.                sendNotificationRequest.Method = "POST";                // The optional custom header X-MessageID uniquely identifies a notification message.                 // If it is present, the same value is returned in the notification response. It must be a string that contains a UUID.                sendNotificationRequest.Headers["X-MessageID"] = Guid.NewGuid().ToString();                // Set the notification payload to send.                byte[] notificationMessage = tile;                // Set the web request content length.                sendNotificationRequest.ContentLength = notificationMessage.Length;                sendNotificationRequest.ContentType = "text/xml";                sendNotificationRequest.Headers.Add("X-WindowsPhone-Target", "token");                sendNotificationRequest.Headers.Add("X-NotificationClass", "1");                using (Stream requestStream = sendNotificationRequest.GetRequestStream())                {                    requestStream.Write(notificationMessage, 0, notificationMessage.Length);                }                // Send the notification and get the response.                HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)sendNotificationRequest.GetResponse();                string notificationStatus = response.Headers["X-NotificationStatus"];                string notificationChannelStatus = response.Headers["X-SubscriptionStatus"];                string deviceConnectionStatus = response.Headers["X-DeviceConnectionStatus"];                // Display the response from the Microsoft Push Notification Service.                  // Normally, error handling code would be here. In the real world, because data connections are not always available,                // notifications may need to be throttled back if the device cannot be reached.                label6.Text = notificationStatus + " | " + deviceConnectionStatus + " | " + notificationChannelStatus;            }            catch (Exception ex)            {                label6.Text = "Exception caught sending update: " + ex.ToString();            }        }        private void SendToastMsg(byte[] toastmsg)        {            try            {                // Get the URI that the Microsoft Push Notification Service returns to the push client when creating a notification channel.                // Normally, a web service would listen for URIs coming from the web client and maintain a list of URIs to send                // notifications out to.                string subscriptionUri = textBox1.Text;                HttpWebRequest sendNotificationRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(subscriptionUri);                // Create an HTTPWebRequest that posts the toast notification to the Microsoft Push Notification Service.                // HTTP POST is the only method allowed to send the notification.                sendNotificationRequest.Method = "POST";                // The optional custom header X-MessageID uniquely identifies a notification message.                 // If it is present, the same value is returned in the notification response. It must be a string that contains a UUID.                sendNotificationRequest.Headers["X-MessageID"] = Guid.NewGuid().ToString();                sendNotificationRequest.ContentType = "text/xml";                sendNotificationRequest.Headers.Add("X-WindowsPhone-Target", "toast");                sendNotificationRequest.Headers.Add("X-NotificationClass", "2");                // Set the web request content length.                sendNotificationRequest.ContentLength = toastmsg.Length;                // Set the notification payload to send.                byte[] notificationMessage = toastmsg;                using (Stream requestStream = sendNotificationRequest.GetRequestStream())                {                    requestStream.Write(notificationMessage, 0, notificationMessage.Length);                }                // Send the notification and get the response.                HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)sendNotificationRequest.GetResponse();                string notificationStatus = response.Headers["X-NotificationStatus"];                string notificationChannelStatus = response.Headers["X-SubscriptionStatus"];                string deviceConnectionStatus = response.Headers["X-DeviceConnectionStatus"];                // Display the response from the Microsoft Push Notification Service.                  // Normally, error handling code would be here. In the real world, because data connections are not always available,                // notifications may need to be throttled back if the device cannot be reached.                label6.Text = notificationStatus + " | " + deviceConnectionStatus + " | " + notificationChannelStatus;            }            catch (Exception ex)            {                label6.Text = "Exception caught sending update: " + ex.ToString();            }        }    }}

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