WPF 3D：使用變換中的TranslateTransform3D

程式效果：

 

WPF 3D中的TranslateTransform3D應該是所有3D變換中最簡單的變換，使用起來非常簡單，先定義好3D對象，接著在適當的位置加入變換就可以了。

 

當然WPF 3D中變換（Transform3D類型）可以應用在如下屬性中：

• 照相機：Camera類型
• 3D模型定義：Model3D類型
• 容納3D模型的Visual3D：ModelVisual3D類型

 

對於2D的TranslateTransform，只有兩個屬性X和Y。3D的TranslateTransform則對應OffsetX, OffsetY和OffsetZ屬性來調整X，Y，Z三軸的座標。

 

下面是介面XAML：

<DockPanel>

    <DockPanel.Resources>

        <Style TargetType="Button">

            <Setter Property="HorizontalAlignment" Value="Center"/>

            <Setter Property="Padding" Value="3"/>

        </Style>

    </DockPanel.Resources>

    <StackPanel DockPanel.Dock="Top"

               Background="Gray">

        <Button Click="up_Click">↑</Button>

        <StackPanel HorizontalAlignment="Center"

                   Orientation="Horizontal">

            <Button Click="left_Click">←</Button>

            <Button Click="out_Click"></Button>

            <Button Click="in_Click"></Button>

            <Button Click="right_Click">→</Button>

        </StackPanel>

        <Button Click="down_Click">↓</Button>

    </StackPanel>

    <Viewport3D>

        <Viewport3D.Camera>

            <PerspectiveCamera Position="-2.5 2.5 5" LookDirection="0.5 -0.5 -1"/>

        </Viewport3D.Camera>

        <ModelVisual3D>

            <ModelVisual3D.Content>

                <Model3DGroup>

                    <DirectionalLight Direction="1 0 -7"

                            Color="White"/>

                    <GeometryModel3D>

                        <GeometryModel3D.Geometry>

                            <MeshGeometry3D Positions="-1 1 1, 1 1 1, -1 -1 1, 1 -1 1, -1 1 -1, 1 1 -1, -1 -1 -1, 1 -1 -1

                                                       1 1 1, 1 1 -1, 1 -1 1, 1 -1 -1, -1 1 1, -1 1 -1, -1 -1 1, -1 -1 -1

                                                       -1 1 1, -1 1 -1, 1 1 1, 1 1 -1, -1 -1 1, -1 -1 -1, 1 -1 1, 1 -1 -1"

                                           TriangleIndices="0 2 1, 1 2 3, 5 6 4, 5 7 6

                                                             8 10 9, 9 10 11, 13 14 12, 13 15 14

                                                             16 18 17, 17 18 19, 22 21 20, 22 23 21"/>

                        </GeometryModel3D.Geometry>

                        <GeometryModel3D.Material>

                            <DiffuseMaterial Brush="Green"/>

                        </GeometryModel3D.Material>

                        <GeometryModel3D.BackMaterial>

                            <DiffuseMaterial Brush="Red"/>

                        </GeometryModel3D.BackMaterial>

                    </GeometryModel3D>

                </Model3DGroup>

            </ModelVisual3D.Content>

            <ModelVisual3D.Transform>

                <TranslateTransform3D x:Name="transform" />

            </ModelVisual3D.Transform>

        </ModelVisual3D>

    </Viewport3D>

</DockPanel>

 

 

背後代碼則是根據功能，把相應Transform的屬性進行加減從而達到變換效果。

private void up_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)

{

    transform.OffsetY++;

}

 

private void left_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)

{

    transform.OffsetX--;

}

 

private void out_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)

{

    transform.OffsetZ--;

}

 

private void in_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)

{

    transform.OffsetZ++;

}

 

private void right_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)

{

    transform.OffsetX++;

}

 

private void down_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)

{

    transform.OffsetY—;

}