YUM更換源(1)--yum找不到安裝包(轉)

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公司提供的CentOS VM中，/etc/yum.repos.d 下 只有一個build.repo，其中提供的yum 源只有公司內部的幾個源，很多包在這些源中都找不到。於是要添加別的源，下面的文章中介紹了如何在CentOS中添加中科大、搜狐和163的yum源：http://www.husw.net/blog/post/1386/。摘錄如下：

本文章介紹的yum源支援的版本是CentOS 6系列，理論上支援RHEL6系列。
更新方法如下：
先進入yum源配置目錄

cd /etc/yum.repos.d

 

備份系統內建的yum源

mv CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Base.repo.save

下載其他更快的yum源
中科大的yum源：

wget http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/CentOS-Base.repo

163的yum源：

wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS-Base-163.repo

sohu的yum源

wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/help/CentOS-Base-sohu.repo

更新完yum源後，建議更新一下，使操作立即生效

yum makecache  [yasi]:在執行最後一步，即yum makecache的時候，遇到錯誤：

Loaded plugins: fastestmirrorRepository base is listed more than once in the configurationRepository updates is listed more than once in the configurationRepository extras is listed more than once in the configurationRepository centosplus is listed more than once in the configurationRepository contrib is listed more than once in the configurationLoading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * addons: mirrors.163.com * base: mirror.metrocast.net * extras: mirror.beyondhosting.net * fasttrack: centos.vipernetworksystems.com * updates: centos.vipernetworksystems.comhttp://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/addons/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] PYCURL ERROR 22 - "The requested URL returned error: 404"Trying other mirror.http://mirror.centos.org/centos/6/addons/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] PYCURL ERROR 22 - "The requested URL returned error: 404"Trying other mirror.Error: Cannot retrieve repository metadata (repomd.xml) for repository: addons. Please verify its path and try again

原因是，http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/addons/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml和 http://mirror.centos.org/centos/6/addons/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml 確實不存在，可能被更新掉了。解決辦法是， 找到可用的URL替換之，或者把相應的.repo檔案中的項整個注釋掉。這裡我採用後者。 例如，在CentOS-Base-163.repo中，注釋掉整個addon項

#[addons]#name=CentOS-$releasever - Addons - 163.com#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=addons#baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/addons/$basearch/#gpgcheck=1#pgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5

 在CentOS-Base-sohu.repo中注釋掉下面的內容

#[addons]#name=CentOS-$releasever - Addons - sohu.com#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=addons#baseurl=http://mirrors.sohu.com/centos/$releasever/addons/$basearch/#gpgcheck=1#gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5CentOS-Base-sohu.repo

 然後，再執行yum makecache。之後，yum就可以找到我要安裝的包了，比如gdb, subversion, gcc-c++ 等。  注意： 有時用yum list xxx找不到某個包，可用嘗試用yum search xxx。如，yum list vim 就報告 Error: No matching Packages to list。而 yum search vim 則返回：

vim-X11.x86_64 : The VIM version of the vi editor for the X Window Systemvim-common.x86_64 : The common files needed by any version of the VIM editorvim-enhanced.x86_64 : A version of the VIM editor which includes recent enhancementsvim-minimal.x86_64 : A minimal version of the VIM editor

使用 yum 程式安裝所需開發包（以下為標準的rpm包名稱）
yum install gcc gcc-c++ gcc-g77 flex bison autoconf automake bzip2-develzlib-devel ncurses-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel libtiff-develfreetype-devel pam-devel openssl-devel libxml2-devel gettext-devel pcre-devel mysql-devel net-snmp-develcurl-devel perl-DBI

YUM更換源(1)--yum找不到安裝包(轉)