文章目錄
1. CASE WHEN 運算式有兩種形式
--簡單Case函數 CASE sex WHEN '1' THEN '男' WHEN '2' THEN '女' ELSE '其他' END --Case搜尋函數 CASEWHEN sex = '1' THEN '男' WHEN sex = '2' THEN '女' ELSE '其他' END
2. CASE WHEN 在語句中不同位置的用法
2.1 SELECT CASE WHEN 用法
SELECT grade, COUNT (CASE WHEN sex = 1 THEN 1 /*sex 1為男生,2位女生*/ ELSE NULL END) 男生數, COUNT (CASE WHEN sex = 2 THEN 1 ELSE NULL END) 女生數 FROM students GROUP BY grade;
2.3 WHERE CASE WHEN 用法
SELECT T2.*, T1.* FROM T1, T2 WHERE (CASE WHEN T2.COMPARE_TYPE = 'A' AND T1.SOME_TYPE LIKE 'NOTHING%' THEN 1 WHEN T2.COMPARE_TYPE != 'A' AND T1.SOME_TYPE NOT LIKE 'NOTHING%' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) = 1
2.4 GROUP BY CASE WHEN 用法
SELECT CASE WHEN salary <= 500 THEN '1' WHEN salary > 500 AND salary <= 600 THEN '2' WHEN salary > 600 AND salary <= 800 THEN '3' WHEN salary > 800 AND salary <= 1000 THEN '4' ELSE NULL END salary_class, -- 別名命名COUNT(*) FROM Table_A GROUP BY CASE WHEN salary <= 500 THEN '1' WHEN salary > 500 AND salary <= 600 THEN '2' WHEN salary > 600 AND salary <= 800 THEN '3' WHEN salary > 800 AND salary <= 1000 THEN '4' ELSE NULL END;
3.關於IF-THEN-ELSE的其他實現3.1 DECODE() 函數
select decode(sex, 'M', 'Male', 'F', 'Female', 'Unknown')from employees;
貌似只有Oracle提供該函數,而且不支援ANSI SQL,文法上也沒CASE WHEN清晰,個人不推薦使用。
3.2 在WHERE中特殊實現
SELECT T2.*, T1.* FROM T1, T2 WHERE (T2.COMPARE_TYPE = 'A' AND T1.SOME_TYPE LIKE 'NOTHING%') OR (T2.COMPARE_TYPE != 'A' AND T1.SOME_TYPE NOT LIKE 'NOTHING%')
這種方法也是在特殊情況下使用,要多注意邏輯,不要弄錯。