the y86-64 instruction set:逻辑门:逻辑门是数字电路的基本计算单元。它们产生的输出,等于它们输入位值的某个布尔函数。包括:与(AND)、或(OR)和非(NOT)。组合电路:将狠多的逻辑门组合成一个网,就能构建计算块。组合电路和HCL布尔表达式字级的组合电路和HCL整数表达式实现所有Y86-64指令所需要的计算可以被组织成6个基本阶段。包括:取指、译码、执行、访存、写回合更新PC。Fetch refers to: The reference phase reads the instruction bytes from memory, and the address is the value of the program counter.Decoding: The decoding phase reads a maximum of two operands from the register file, obtains the corresponding value, and reads the register specified in the instruc
update pc.
Fetch refers to: The reference phase reads the instruction bytes from memory, and the address is the value of the program counter.Decoding: The decoding phase reads a maximum of two operands from the register file, obtains the corresponding value, and reads the register specified in the instruction.Execution: The ALU either executes the operation specified by the instruction, computes the valid address of the memory reference, or incr
The first week of study is mainly theoretical knowledge, understanding after mastering for the back of the knowledge to lay a good foundation.Computer FundamentalsComputerHardwareHost Core equipment: CPU (operator ALU, Controller cu), Memory: ROM, RAMHost Other Devices: storage (hard disk, floppy disk, CD-ROM, USB), input (keyboard, mouse, printer, scanner, monitor); Other: modem, light catSoftwareSystem software: Operating system, Program language Pr
1. General architectureMSP430 MCU adopts von Neumann structure, including 16-bit RISC CPU, memory, on-chip peripheral, clock system, simulation system and data bus and address bus.2, msp430x CPU (Cpux)DB AB Alu-Number
MSP430F1XX 16-bit 16-bit (maximum addressing 64KB) 16-bit->CPU
Msp430f2xx/4xx/5xx/6xx 16-bit 20-bit (maximum addressing 1MB) 20-bit->cpux
CPU Internal registers:R0:PC program Counter procedure Pointer 20bitsR1:SP point
What does the bus do? Plainly, it is used to transfer data between parts of the computer. For example, my main memory stored in the data CPU to use, need a line to pass it, the CPU internal registers between, register and Alu, CU and various parts and so on, and so on many places, in short, the parts need to transfer data
The transmitted data is divided into three kinds, corresponding to three kinds of functions of the bus
Data bus
to human thinking,So that the computer can have the human logical thinking judgment ability, can think and communicate with human,Abandon the past rely on the code program to run the computer's method, directly to the computer issued instructions.Multimedia technologyThe information processed by traditional computers is mainly characters and numbers. In fact, people are more accustomed to the picture, text, sound, such as many forms of multimedia information.Multimedia technology can set graphi
, contains the arithmetic status of the Alu. As with any other SFR, it can be the operand for any instruction.
8. movlb
Move literal to bank select register
9.
In addition to the indf operand, each FSR register pair also has four additional indirect operands. like indf, these are "virtual" registers that cannot be indirectly read or written. accessing these registers actually accesses the associated FSR register pair, but also performs a specif
over by the gate, and the take-over is simply to keep it flowing forward.In the same way, we can imagine how the "read" action is achieved? For example, read a byte into a register from a cell in memory. I guess this is the case: The register and memory are connected by 8 lines, through the previous address selector, the memory corresponding unit of the signal has been placed on the connection, and immediately to the register door, but the gate did not open AH. The so-called "read" is simply to
method is called out of the box, the JVM presses a new stack frame into the thread's Java stack, and when the method returns, the stack frame is ejected from the Java stack and discarded.The stack frame consists of three parts: The local variable area, the operand stack, and the frame data area.
The local variable area is organized into an array with a single element length of one JVM word (note not a machine word), which is used to hold local variables (locally Variables), including i
As a programmer, always listen to people talking about CPU, memory, main storage, hard disk, motherboard and so on some tall professional terminology, feel oneself weak explode.What is the use of them, now sum it up. Convenient for friends to understand.One. CPUCPU is the abbreviation of Central processing Unit, the Chinese translation as "CPU", is the brain of the computer, responsible for computing, thinking, processing data, control other equipment, no CPU, the computer can not talk about, th
Summary of the principle of computer composition1. OverviewComputer composition refers to the implementation of the properties embodied in machine architecture, which includes many hardware details that are transparent to the programmer.Including the implementation of instructions, that is, how to take instructions, analysis instructions, take operands, operations, send results and so on.Computers include software systems and hardware systems.Hardware systems include hosts and peripherals.host i
curly braces.In the case of using pointers, *p+1;* (p+1);p +1 is illegal, if one is an array then say otherwise,Priority is higher than priorityA struct is a bit like a pointer is a layer of structureWhen declaring the various elements of a struct, it is advisable to have the most stringent members of the boundary appear first, and finally to the members with the weakest boundary requirements, which can be arrogant to reduce the space loss caused by the boundary.For examplestruct
of bytes taken out of the instruction (not updated)② decodingReads up to two operands from the register file, resulting in a value of Vala or Valb③ executionThe arithmetic unit/logic unit (ALU) either executes the operation specified by the instruction, calculates the valid address of the memory reference, or increases or decreases the stack pointer. Get Vale.Here you can set the condition code④ visitData can be written to memory or read from memory.
, especially college students, must cultivate their curiosity about life and discover eyes. Only when we "Observe and ponder more, organize and summarize more, think more and share more" can we find some valuable questions around us. Here are some examples. (1) This year (2014), the "smart Garden" (smart Garden) project of the ALU team lingjia Challenge Cup ). This is a similar idea found by Li zifeng while browsing overseas sites, but it has not been
CD. I copied the prog_04_01 folder to drive D:/prog_04_01, and copied the llamaworks2d folder to drive D:/llamaworks2d, in this way, the project can reference the engine file normally, or you can set the path in Dev.Click project> project options, 5:Figure 55.2 select compiler-> linker and change "do not use standard system startup files or libraries" to "no" (yes by default; check this option; otherwise, compilation fails), as shown in Figure 6:Figure 65.3 add openal and OpenGL LibrariesRight-
the operating frequency is the same, the 64-bit CPU processing speed is faster than that of 16-bit and 32-bit. In addition to computing power, compared with 32-bit CPUs, the advantage of 64-bit CPUs is also reflected in the system's memory control. Because the address uses a special integer, a 64-bit cpu alu and a register can process larger integers, that is, a larger address. The traditional 32-bit CPU has a maximum addressing space of 4 GB, which
processor. Currently, most 16-bit single-chip microcomputer is used as the ECU.On the one hand, it collects wheel speed signals into ABSAlgorithm processing: On the other hand, the solenoid valve control command is sent to the implementing agency to handle the pressure-maintaining pressure-decompression of the wheel. At the same time, it also expands the fault detection and solenoid valve monitoring to ensure the ECUNormal operation. Both wheel speed acquisition and algorithm processing and whe
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