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67. Summary: random Number & quot; equi probability & quot; vs & quot; unequal probability & quot; generate related questions [random generator with equal or unequal probability]

[Link to this article] Http://www.cnblogs.com/hellogiser/p/random-generator-with-equal-or-unequal-probability.html1. equi probability generation (1) rand5 generate rand3 There is now a Rand5 function that can generate random integers in the range of [0, 5) with equal probability. This function is required to write a Rand3 function (In addition, can no longer use any function or data source that can generate

Probability theory and Mathematical statistics (chapter One basic concepts of probability theory)

Note: This article only records chapter concepts and is used to recall knowledge systems. Reference book "Probability Theory and Mathematical Statistics Fourth Edition".Chapter One basic concept of probability theory random test (with three characteristics) sample space, random event sample space sample point random Event (event) event occurrence basic event inev

Probability, prior probability, posterior probability

For God, everything is definite, so probability, as a learning existence, exactly proves human ignorance. Fortunately, humans are still smart enough. We are not at risk because things are random. We decide our actions based on the possibility of things. For example, before a person grabs a bank, he must have repeatedly considered various possibilities. If people wait until everything is confirmed, you may not be able to do anything, because almost eve

Probability, prior probability and Posterior Probability

For many people, these concepts are clear and vague. The following is a vivid illustration. For God, everything is definite, so probability, as a learning existence, exactly proves human ignorance. Fortunately, humans are still smart enough. We are not at risk because things are random. We decide our actions based on the possibility of things. For example, before a person grabs a bank, he must have repeatedly considered various possibilities. If peopl

"Machine learning" prior probability, posteriori probability, Bayesian formula, likelihood function

Original URL: http://m.blog.csdn.net/article/details?id=49130173 first, transcendental probability, posterior probability, Bayesian formula, likelihood function In machine learning, these concepts are always involved, but never really understand the connection between them. Here's a good idea to start with the basics, Memo. 1. Prior probability A priori

Stochastic event probability gambling poisson distribution

result of concern, and the opposite result is that the probability of "success" in each trial of "failure" is independent of the PN test. When the two-item distribution graph is p=0.5, when the two-item distribution is centered-symmetric p≠0.5, the two-item distribution is always asymmetric pIt is often used to describe the random distribution law of the total number of rare "particles" in unit time, unit plane or unit space. The number of occurrence

cs281:advanced Machine Learning second section probability theory probability theory

Basic concepts of probability theory two basic laws in probability theory of discrete variables: addition and multiplication, the addition rule defines the direct relation between the random variable x and the condition variable Y. The multiplication rule defines the most important conditional probabilities in probability, which can also be called joint probabili

Probability statistics: Seventh Chapter parameter Estimation _ probability statistics

Seventh Chapter parameter estimation Content Summary: One, point estimate 1, set for the overall sample, the overall distribution function is known as the parameters to be evaluated for the corresponding sample observations. The problem of point estimation is to construct an appropriate statistic and estimate the value of the parameters to be evaluated with its observations. Here is called the estimate, called the estimated value, both of which are collectively estimated. This is called the poin

Anterior probability and posterior probability and Bayesian Formula

The anterior probability and posterior probability have not yet occurred. The magnitude of the likelihood of this event is a prior probability. Something has happened. The reason for this is the possibility of a factor, which is the posterior probability. i. A prior probability

Probability statistics: chapter II random variables and their distributions _ probability statistics

variables can be listed at most, the random variables are called discrete random variables. 2. Distribution law of discrete random variables (1) Definition: All possible values of discrete random variables and the probability value when taking each value, called discrete random variable distribution law, expressed as Or in a tabular representation: X1 X2 ... xn ... Pk P1 P2 ... pn ... or recorded as ~ (2) Nature:, Note: This property is a suffici

Probability statistics: Chapter three multidimensional random variables and their distributions _ probability statistics

distribution of random variables, is called a finite pair or an infinite set of two-dimensional random variables. The distribution function of two-dimensional discrete random variables is: 5, for a two-dimensional random variable distribution function, if there is a nonnegative integrable function for any real number has is called a continuous two-dimensional random variable, a function called the probability density of a two-dimensional random vari

p1-probability theory basis (Primer on probability theory)

2.1 Probability density function2.1.1 DefinitionSet P (x) as the probability density function of the random variable x in the interval [a, b], p (x) is a nonnegative function and satisfiesNote the difference between probability and probability density function.Probability is the area of the corresponding area under the

Using equal probability Rand5 to generate equal probability Rand3

Transfer from http://outofmemory.cn/wr/?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gocalf.com%2Fblog%2Funbalanced-coin.htmlUsing equal probability Rand5 to generate equal probability Rand3The problem itself is very clear, but do not know what the topic is good, let's say so first.Problem Description: There is now a function called Rand5, which can generate a random integer in the range of [0, 5) equal

PHP winning probability algorithm, winning probability algorithm _php tutorial

PHP winning probability algorithm, winning probability algorithm We first completed the background PHP process, the main work of PHP is responsible for the allocation of prizes and the corresponding probability of winning, the current page click to flip a block will want to background PHP to send AJAX requests, then the background PHP based on the

Probability map Model (PGM) learning Notes (iii) pattern judgment and probability graph flow

We still use the "Student Network" as a sample, 1.Figure 1First, the intuitive interpretation of causal judgment (causal reasoning) is given.To figure it out.That is, the probability of a student getting a good recommendation is about 0.5.But suppose we know that students have a lower IQ. Then the probability of getting a good letter of recommendation is reduced:Further. Assuming that the exam is very diffi

Probability statistics: Eighth chapter: Hypothesis Test _ probability statistics

false" the error, uses the expression to make the first kind of mistake the probability, namely {}; (2) When the hypothesis H0 actual error, by the sample observation value made to accept the H0 error conclusion, called the second type of error or "false" error, with the expression of the probability of committing the second type of error, that is {}; When the sample capacity is fixed, to reduce the

PHP probability calculation function summary, php probability function _ PHP Tutorial

PHP probability calculation function summary, php probability function. Summary of PHP probability computing functions. php probability functions are actually useless in this blog. it's too simple for people to think about it. no one else can think about it. But looking at the summary of PHP

Php winning probability algorithm and winning probability algorithm

Php winning probability algorithm and winning probability algorithm We will first complete the PHP process in the background. The main task of PHP is to configure the awards and the corresponding winning probability. When the front-end page clicks a box, we will want PHP to send ajax requests in the background, then, based on the configuration

PHP probability calculation function summary, php Probability Function

PHP probability calculation function summary, php Probability Function In fact, this blog is useless. It's too simple. People will not be able to think about it, and even people will think about it. But it's really bad to watch my blog for so long ~. In the next article, only the code of hydrology occupies at least 10 KB of OSC database space. This is a classic probabi

Winning probability algorithm (php can be used for scratch cards, big turntable and other lottery algorithms), winning probability scratch card _ PHP Tutorial

The winning probability algorithm (php can be used for scratch cards, big turntable and other lottery algorithms) and the winning probability scratch cards. The winning probability algorithm (php can be used for lottery algorithm such as scratch cards and big turntable), the winning probability scratch card php winning

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