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complete the three-to-TCP handshake.
To achieve passive measurement, each measurement interface on the device is configured with a virtual IP address (fictitious IP address,vip). Returns an 1x1 pixel GIF image when the address is accessed via HTTP or HTTPS. Pathcontrol provides this GIF directly, measuring the time it took to establish a TCP call with a client computer. As long as the VIP address is embedded in an href on the Web page, the measurement begins once a client requests the page. Th
* BGP is designed to process a large number of Route entries.Control the bandwidth traffic in a certain transmission direction.1. Controllable attributes:· Local priority:It is valid for outbound traffic.Relatively speaking, it is a priority.· MED multi-exit identification:Injected by external EBGP, It is set by the Administrator outside of AS to affect this.To effectively control the traffic that leaves me.· Weight2. Control through route ingThe
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BGP routing policies in ISP Networks
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IEEE Network magazine 2005
1 Ways to configure local policythere are three classes of "knobs" that can be used to controlimport and export policies: 1) preference (demo-process) 2) filter (eliminate certain route) 3) tag (community) 2 BGP policy common practice and design pattern1) business relationship (1) inbound: Assign
C through the BGP learning, will generate a routing table based on the shortest path algorithm to select the path of a more optimal service-side address assume a more excellent New route Table 10.0.0.1--192.168.1.3. In the process of use, the BGP network will continue to se
First, the experimental topology:Second, the experimental requirements:1, increase R5:as 5, and R2 through the Direct Connect route to establish BGP neighbor relationship;2, R2 deployed in BGP under Send-conmmunity to R5;3, R4 deployment ACL crawl 4.4.4.4 traffic, Route-map named Shuchu, call ACL, set community no-export, and invoke Route-map Shuchu out in the BGP
Today, we gave a client a test report based on Route-map to filter through different routes to different end-to-end Cross-domain neighbors.
The function point is very small, but for the junior students want to help.
BGP is actually a very powerful routing protocol for routing filtering. CCIE is also the focus of the exam, in fact, there is a very good book to r
The problems that arise:
A) R1 has a 7.7.7.0/24 route on it, but Ping 7.7.7.7 is not reached. (R7 same)
Now view the R1 routing table
R7#sh IP route
B 1.1.1.0 [20/0] via 5.5.5.5, 00:02:54/To save space incomplete display
It can be seen that R7 learned the route of the R1, from the surface to see the experiment is perfect, for the purpose, but then the problem arises, make a test, on the R7 ping R1
R7#
Tags: network section destination address get ETH purpose set format forwardingExample: Linux view and manipulate IP routing table methodsListen to the Voice
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Updated: 2015-10-17 10:07
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Step into the ReadingThe route command for the Linux system is used to display and manipulate the IP
, finally, route Route 21/32 (next-hop: Route route 000020) will be retained in the igp route table.
Problem !!!
In this case, the Administrator publishes the loopback0 of R2.
Network bandwidth limit 20 mask limit 255
R2 releases a new update to r1, namely, 255.255.255.255.20/32 (next-hop: 255.255.255.255.20). After r1 receives the update, it mounts the route to the bgp and igp route tables. At this time, t
The principle of the route table and the overlapping route settings are shown in the following question and answer topic about the principle of the route table. I hope to cover all questions about the principle of using the route table and the overlapping route settings. Please leave a message to add this question.
Routing
route.The router is working on the network layer, and the logical address can be identified at the network layer. When a router receives a packet on an interface, the router reads the network portion of the logical address of the corresponding destination in the package, and then finds it in the routing table. If a routing entry for the destination address is fo
table: A route table contains a series of table items, including the preceding three elements.The layer of the routing framework: the routing is divided into two elements. The first level is the generation of route table items, a
route belongs to a static route.The router is working on the network layer, and the logical address can be identified at the network layer. When a router receives a packet on an interface, the router reads the network portion of the logical address of the corresponding destination in the package, and then finds it in the routing table. If a routing entry for the
Static routing
The concept of static routing
(1) The most original configuration of the route, pure manual, easy to manage, but time-consuming, generally used in small enterprises or middle-down enterprises
(2) The disadvantage of static routing is not to dynamically reflect the network topology, when the network topology changes, the administrator must manual
unreachable. RIP is visible only for small internet use. rip cannot use multiple routes between the two networks at the same time. RIP selects a route with the fewest routers, which is the shortest path, even if there is another high-speed (low-latency) router with more routes.
Three points of RIP protocol
Exchange information only with neighboring routers.
The information exchanged is all the information that is currently known to the router as its own
Static routes), and some tests are dynamically acquired (called Dynamic routing). A direct-attached route belongs to a static route.The router is working on the network layer, and the logical address can be identified at the network layer. When a router receives a packet on an interface, the router reads the network portion of the logical address of the corresponding destination in the package, and then finds it in the
this by representing the target and subnet masks in binary notation. A binary subnet mask consists of a series of 1 representing the destination network address portion and a series of 2 parts representing the destination host address portion. View the target to determine whether the host address portion of the target (as defined by the subnet mask) is set to 1.
Only the Windows NT 4.0, Windows 2000, Windows Millennium Edition, and Windows XP route commands support the-p parameter. The route c
a static route.The router is working on the network layer, and the logical address can be identified at the network layer. When a router receives a packet on an interface, the router reads the network portion of the logical address of the corresponding destination in the package, and then finds it in the routing table. If a routing entry for the destination addr
sends each packet received to all output lines except for the line that the packet arrives at. In the future there will be multiple groups of replicas arriving at the destination, the first to arrive, probably the "best" path.3. Traffic-based routing algorithmsConsidering both the topological structure and the network load, the average data flow between each pair of nodes is relatively stable and predictable, and the average packet delay can be obtai
) { u32 h = Ntohl (key) >> (32-fz->fz_order); H ^= (h>>20); H ^= (h>>10); H ^= (h>>5); H = fz_hashmask (FZ); return h;}It can be seen that the input of the non-0 hash is sufficient to open, but the nature of the hash is large space to small space mapping, conflict is unavoidable. It was suggested (for example, me) to organize the long conflict list into a trie tree form in a massive routing
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