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BGP routing policies in ISP Networks
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IEEE Network magazine 2005
1 Ways to configure local policythere are three classes of "knobs" that can be used to controlimport and export policies: 1) preference (demo-process) 2) filter (eliminate certain route) 3) tag (community) 2 BGP policy common practice and design pattern1) business relationship (1) inbound: Assign
C through the BGP learning, will generate a routing table based on the shortest path algorithm to select the path of a more optimal service-side address assume a more excellent New route Table 10.0.0.1--192.168.1.3. In the process of use, the BGP network will continue to se
First, the experimental topology:Second, the experimental requirements:1, increase R5:as 5, and R2 through the Direct Connect route to establish BGP neighbor relationship;2, R2 deployed in BGP under Send-conmmunity to R5;3, R4 deployment ACL crawl 4.4.4.4 traffic, Route-map named Shuchu, call ACL, set community no-export, and invoke Route-map Shuchu out in the BGP
The problems that arise:
A) R1 has a 7.7.7.0/24 route on it, but Ping 7.7.7.7 is not reached. (R7 same)
Now view the R1 routing table
R7#sh IP route
B 1.1.1.0 [20/0] via 5.5.5.5, 00:02:54/To save space incomplete display
It can be seen that R7 learned the route of the R1, from the surface to see the experiment is perfect, for the purpose, but then the problem arises, make a test, on the R7 ping R1
R7#
, finally, route Route 21/32 (next-hop: Route route 000020) will be retained in the igp route table.
Problem !!!
In this case, the Administrator publishes the loopback0 of R2.
Network bandwidth limit 20 mask limit 255
R2 releases a new update to r1, namely, 255.255.255.255.20/32 (next-hop: 255.255.255.255.20). After r1 receives the update, it mounts the route to the bgp and igp route tables. At this time, t
table: A route table contains a series of table items, including the preceding three elements.The layer of the routing framework: the routing is divided into two elements. The first level is the generation of route table items, a
sends each packet received to all output lines except for the line that the packet arrives at. In the future there will be multiple groups of replicas arriving at the destination, the first to arrive, probably the "best" path.3. Traffic-based routing algorithmsConsidering both the topological structure and the network load, the average data flow between each pair of nodes is relatively stable and predictable, and the average packet delay can be obtai
The topology is as follows:
The simple way to provide Internet access for the CE router is to let the interface on the PE connected to the CE router be in the global routing space, the PE router has a VRF interface pointing to the CE router, and an interface to the CE router but not the VRF. Then the CE router can send VPN traffic to the VPN interface and send the Internet traffic to the Global routing
difference between the MMU and the episode although the picture above looks really like the MMU facility, did you notice the difference?The physical page size of the MMU map is fixed, but the range of address ranges covered by each route in the routing table is not fixed, but what does it matter? Toss the most days to write a simulation to achieve, feel very exc
is to construct a multilevel mapping, which can also be used by the routing table. Bend the figure above and turn it into a routing match table for a class MMU facility:650) this.width=650; "src=" Http://s3.51cto.com/wyfs02/M00/5A/01/wKiom1Ty2u2RdDpZAADA5dwu8R8874.jpg "title=" Dxr3.jpg "alt=" wkiom1ty2u2rddpzaada5dwu8
address is 0x01020304, then in order to obtain its route entry results, only the following access:Char *addr = 0x01020304;struct fib_res *res = (struct fib_res *) *addr;If a page fault occurs, there is no matching route, that is, the network is unreachable, and if there is a default route, all virtual addresses that do not specify the mappings will fall on the default routing page.And the difference between the MMU and the episode although the pictur
first, the principle of explanation1, the Routing table (table) numbering from 0 to 255, each number can correspond to an alias, the corresponding relationship between the number and alias in Linux/etc/iproute2/rt_tables this file, General 0 numbered table corresponding aliases for the upspec,255 number corresponding t
routing table. -ee would generate a very long line with all parameters from the routing table.Del Delete a route.Add add a new route.Target the destination network or host. You can provide the IP addresses in dotted decimal or host/network names.-net the target is a network.-host the target is a host.Netmask NMWhen adding a network route, the netmask to be used.
the size of the 4096*1024,32-bit virtual address corresponding to the 32-bit IPV4 address, this is not the case? However, the Level two page table or multi-level page table solves the problem of sparse address, if it is a first-level page table, then there will be a lot of "holes", this is because the process how to a
Tags: max table print target mask specify Linux pre colorUse command: routeThe route command displays and sets the Linux routing table-A: Set the address type;-C: Print the route cache of the Linux kernel;-V: detailed information mode;-N: Do not perform DNS reverse lookup, directly display the digital form of IP address;-e:netstat format displays the
The route command Network Configuration Route command is used to display and set the network routing table in the Linux kernel, and the route command sets the routing primarily to static routes. To achieve communication between two different subnets, you need a router that is connected to two networks, or a gateway to two networks. GrammarRoute (options) (paramet
Route-eNetstat-nrMan 8 routeThe appearance of the routing table|destination|gateway|genmask|flags|mss|window|irtt|iface||::||| destination network or destination host| gateway or "*" indicates no set | The mask of the destination net, all 255 represents a host address, and 0.0.0.0 represents a default route | U: Routing up, h means the target is a host, g means u
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