ccna icnd1

CCNA Study Notes 12-NATInside local-> inside group private IP address translation to public IP address, using the internet ◆ NAT term inside outside refers to the physical location (local PC Access to Baidu server, PC is inside Baidu server is outside) inside local: private IP address, cannot be directly used inside Internet inside group Global: Used to replace internal local IP address, on the Internet, it is a legal IP outside group external global:

CCNA Study Notes 13-WAN pppWAN is a type of data communication network over the LAN geographic range. Enterprises must purchase services from WAN service providers. However, a LAN is generally classified as a company goods organization that uses a LAN to connect devices across the WAN to a wider range of geographical areas than a LAN. When you select a cross-region wan network, we recommend that you select the same carrier in the two locations to ensu

CCNA Study Notes 3 --- back up and upgrade IOS1. Backup configuration to TFTP2, COPY from TFTP to run3, back up IOS4, and upgrade IOS5. If the upgrade fails, solution ◆ 1. Backup and Restore configuration 1, ensure that the network IP address of the router and computer (tftp Server) can be reached (direct connection, same network segment) 2. The computer runs tftp software 3, when hostname test1 is set on the vro for verification, we can see the diffe

CCNA Study Notes 6-routing principle, Static RoutingThe router works on the third layer. The device that provides the IP packet forwarding function generally refers to the routing information. The routing information is a piece of information to the destination, indicating the direction to the destination, A route can also represent a path. It refers to the process in which a router searches for its route information for forwarding after receiving an

BPDU guard and root guard functionality rapid-pvst+ (Rapid Per-vlan STP, fast one spanning tree protocol per VLAN)Criteria based on the fast spanning treeFaster than the 802.1D convergence rateSupports Backhomefast, Uplinkfast, and Portfast features IEEE Standards RSTP (Rapid STP, fast spanning Tree protocol)1982 was presented, faster than the 802.1D convergence rateImplementation of Cisco common private properties extensionIEEE RSTP synthesis into 802.1D, calle

255.255.255.255 12.1.1.1IP Route 3.1.1.1 255.255.255.255 23.1.1.3IP Route 4.1.1.1 255.255.255.255 24.1.1.4Configure default only 6R1 R3 R4 Write an IP route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 point to R2R2 Write 3 to 1.1.1.1 3.1.1.1 4.1.1.1Floating static routesFloating static routes are not permanently saved in the routing table, and they load the backup route only if a preferred route match failsUse administrative distance to control ad smaller priority static route ad defaults to 1Load Balancing650) this.width

-configureConfigurationOne, not authentication both routers s port no shutEncapsulation PPP under interfaceSho int s1/0 view LCP on status, configure interface address, view IPCP on status.Two. CertificationFirst Step dialer initiates chap callPPP Authentication CHAPLCP negotiated CHAP authentication mode and MD5 algorithmThe second step sends the challenge message to the dialer1, set up Challenge packet: ID random number authentication name2, pass the ID random number authentication name corres

During the preparation of the CCNA, the route has been in a state of confusion. Therefore, keep a record of your daily study notes so that you can view them later.There are two configurations for static routes, one is a static route with the next-hop address, and the other is a static route with a send-out interface.For static routes, the usage is as follows:One, the network contains only a few routersSecond, the network only through a single ISP acce

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Today continue to share some commands for the router's basic configuration. First look at our future configuration routing, partition VLAN used topology diagram, in the future we will use this topology map to complete the later experimental 650) this.width=650; "title=" capture.jpg "src=" http://s3.51cto.com/ Wyfs02/m01/6c/7d/wkiom1vkidjg8lilaadnhwbhx8e751.jpg "alt=" Wkiom1vkidjg8lilaadnhwbhx8e751.jpg "/>The commands we want to share today are:Line console 0 enters the debug port,Logging SYN Clo

subnet; the last IP address that can be assigned to the PC; The subnet's broadcast address.Two. The number of IP addresses required for each subnet is known1. Calculate the number of bits required for the host part (2 of the n is slightly larger than the number of IP, n is the host bit)2.32-host bits = = number of network bits3. Calculate subnet mask for subnets4. Reach the subnet segment (network address)5. The first IP address that can be assigned to a PC under each subnet; the last IP addres

. Trunk between switches2. All switches establish the same VLAN, (VTP)3. Each switch strokes the interface into the appropriate VLAN4. Configuring Layer 3 Information (IP)VtpVTP is used to unify the creation and deletion of VLAN information.VTP3 mode:Server: Can add, remove VLANs, learn VLAN information, transmit VLAN information to other peopleClient: Can not add, delete VLAN, can learn VLAN information from server, pass the learning information to othersTransparent: You can only add and delete

control lists can be used to overcome this shortcoming.(7) The invocation of the list. An access control list can be used on many different interfaces of the same router, and there is no need to define an access control list with different table numbers and identical content for each interface that needs it. If you do not provide any access control lists to the interface, or provide an undefined access control list, it will pass all traffic by default. If you want the access control list to be

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ICMP Echos to 192.168.20.1, timeout is 2 seconds: .!!!! Success rate is 80 percent (4/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 24/48/84 MS From the above, we can see that through the deployment of layer-3 switching technology, the host between VLANs can communicate with each other. This experiment is complete. [PL1]Disable layer-3 routing to simulate hosts. [PL2]Define the default gateway. [PL3]Enable the layer-3 routing function. By default, the layer-3 Switch disables the routing function. To enable int

This section lets us learn the next Frame RelayFrame Relay in CCNA's exams and daily work are seldom useful, but we still want to know, it is after all a CCNA in the focus.Frame Relay (Frames relay)Also referred to as FRFrame Relay is an important WAN technology, its main function is to connect two or more long-distance LAN. Frame Relay is mainly a packet switching technology, usually we just want to know how to connect LAN through Frame Relay and lon

CCNA Study Notes (ii)--Initial knowledge of Cisco devicesIn the previous chapter we recognized the fundamentals of networking, and now we are formally exposed to Cisco devices.1, first we first understand the main components of a Cisco device:ROM (read-only memory): mainly save the post software, save the router boot boot program.RAM (random memory): loss of data, can store configuration files. >>> equivalent to PC memoryNVRAM (non-volatile memory): p

Routing protocols are used for router selection paths and for managing routing tables, which support routable protocols by sharing routing information between routers. Routing information is passed between neighboring routers to ensure that all

Enter "? The Show all HelpEnter the command? The show full command wordEnter the command? "Show command-available parameter informationPress "TABLE" to complete the command all wordsPress "up or down" to show used commandsPress "CTRL + Z" to leave