Ddr=doubledatarate Double rate synchronous solid state random processor
Strictly speaking, DDR should be called Ddrsdram, people used to call DDR, some beginners also often see ddrsdram, is considered SDRAM. Ddrsdram is the abbreviation of Doubledataratesdram, which is the meaning of double speed synchronous dynamic random memory.
, similar to the built-in macro _ line _ in C Language __
$ FuncnameThe function name is similar to the built-in macro _ FUNC __in C language. However, macro _ FUNC _ can only represent the name of the current function, while $ funcname is more powerful, it is an array variable that contains the names of all functions in the call chain. Therefore, the variable $ {funcname [0]} represents the name of the function currently being executed by the shell script, the variable $ {funcname [1]} indicate
. Fortunately, we can use some of the shell's built-in environment variables to enhance the output information of the "-X" option, which introduces several shell-built environment variables:$LINENO represents the current line number of the shell script, similar to the built-in macro in C __line__The name of the $FUNCNAME function, similar to the built-in macro __func__ in C, but the macro __func__ can only represent the current function name, and $funcname is more powerful, it is an array variab
The Dual -channel memory technology is actually a memory control and management technology that relies on the memory controller of the chipset to be able to increase the bandwidth of two equal-specification memory by one-fold in theory. It is not a new technology that has long been applied to servers and workstation systems, but only to the Desktop board technology front desk to address the increasingly embarrassing memory bandwidth bottlenecks in desktops. a few years ago, Intel Corporation h
1. Overview
The basic use of the EDMA3 controller is to transfer data independently from the CPU in bulk.
Typical usage:
A: Service external memory (e.g. DDR)
B: Memory within the service chip (e.g., L2 SRAM)
C: Service peripherals, such as: Serial port
Main purpose: Reduce the data transmission task of DSP.
The EDMA3 controller consists of 2 main modules:
The EDMA3 Channel controller (EDMA3CC) acts as the user interface for the EDMA3 controller, EDMA
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DDR2DDR2 (double data rate 2) SDRAM is a new generation of memory technology standard developed by JEDEC (Joint Committee for electronic equipment engineering). The biggest difference between it and the previous generation of DDR memory technology standards is that, although the same basic method of data transmission is adopted at the same time as the clock increase/decrease delay, DDR2 memory has twi
chipsets refers to dual-channel DDR memory technology, the main dual-channel memory platform Intel is the Intel 865/875 series, and AMD is the Nvidia Nforce2 series.
Dual-channel memory technology is a low-cost, high-performance solution to the problem of CPU bus bandwidth and memory bandwidth. Now that the CPU's FSB (front bus frequency) is getting higher, Intel Pentium 4 has a much higher demand for memory bandwidth than AMD Athlon XP. The Intel Pe
A place like the Dragon 0 oath This generation of home machine re-depicted in the city of Jimbochothe world of [the violence of the Golden Woman]This is the first time series in the game depicting [such as Dragon] prequel works because it was the first time that PS4 was portrayedThe work of the studio-cho, which is the gorgeous and messy mix of the economic bubble period, completes the new discoveries and fresh qualities of the player. pre-made 1.5
variable containing all the functions on the entire call chain name, so the variable ${funcname[0 ]} represents the name of the function that the shell script is currently executing, and the variable ${funcname[1]} represents the name of the function that called the function ${funcname[0]}, and so on.
$PS 4The main prompt variable $PS1 and the second-level prompt variable $ps2 are more common, but few people notice the effect of the fourth-level prompt variable $
several shell-built environment variables: $LINENORepresents the current line number of the shell script, similar to the built-in macro in C __line__ $FUNCNAMEThe name of the function, similar to the built-in macro __func__ in C, but the macro __func__ can only represent the current function name, and $funcname is more powerful, it is an array variable containing all the functions on the entire call chain name, so the variable ${funcname [0 ]} represents the name of the function that the shell
script is currently executing, and the variable ${funcname[1]} represents the name of the function that called the function ${funcname[0]}, and so on.$PS 4The main prompt variable $PS1 and the second-level prompt variable $ps2 are more common, but few people notice the effect of the fourth-level prompt variable $PS4. We know that using the "-X" execution option will show each command that was actually executed in the shell script, and that the value
1. Why should there be uboot1.1, the main components of the computer system(1) The computer system is the CPU as the core to run systems. Typical computer systems are: PC (desktop + notebook), embedded devices (mobile phones, tablets, game consoles), single-chip microcomputer (household appliances like rice cookers, air conditioners)(2) Computer system components are very many, different computer system components are different. But all the main core components needed to run a computer system ar
1 Basic Concepts
In embedded software development, often come across to say that a block of memory is cache, or non-cache, what they mean. What scene to use separately. How Non-cache and cache memory areas are configured. This blog post will be discussed around these issues.
Cache, which is a caching mechanism between the CPU and the DDR, provides a memory buffer for reading and writing between the CPU and the
Note: This article is to learn the notes of teacher Zhu's course collation, based on uboot-1.3.4 and s5pc11x analysis.
Analysis of the former part of uboot analysis of Start.s 1 lowlevel_init
/* Go Setup Memory and board specific bits prior
to relocation.*/Ldr sp, =0xd0036000/ * End of SRAM dedicated to U-boot */
Sub sp, SP, #12/ * Set stack */
mov fp, #0
bl lowlevel_init/ * Go Setup pll,mux,memory * /
This time the stack is set in SRAM because the current
Hacker successfully cracked PlayStation 4 support running LinuxA Brazilian team claimed that the first time the PS4 jailbreak was successful, involved a cumbersome set of procedures that required the use of a Raspberry Pi to replicate the entire hacker's hard drive, and it was not until the month that it bypassed Sony's content protection.Since Sony PlayStation 4 has been on sale for two years, the hacker door has always wanted to enjoy the fun of cra
then the external memory is no longer the SDRAM this simple memory, but DDR this memory. So the preparatory work that needs to be done in the beginning is greatly increased.Therefore, s5pv210 inside a more called irom of things, his internal curing a program, after power on Irom will start the internal program, some external devices for simple initialization, such as SD card, eMMC and so on.Internal SRAM has also been upgraded from 4k to 96k. To meet
that determine the performance of a group of memory. What does this mean? In fact, it is not difficult to really understand, and it is also very easy to calculate. The total memory bandwidth we just mentioned is actually the maximum data capacity that can be transferred within one second in an ideal situation. The formula is also very simple: total memory bandwidth (Mbytes) = maximum clock speed (MHz) x bus width (BITs) X number of data segments per clock/8. Let's explain it. It is best to unde
frontend bus speed is changed to 800 MHz, so you will see p4 of the 533 Front-End bus and P4 Of the 800 Front-End bus. Their actual external frequencies are only 133 and 200. That is, FSB = CPU external frequency × 4. AMDBased on the same principle, the athlon 64 processor will also support MHz Front-End bus frequency at MHz. However, for AMD athlon XP processors, Dual Data Transmission Technology (DDR, doubleDate rate), The frontend bus frequency is
option is enabled, and set + parameter means that an option is turned off. Sometimes we don't need to use the "-X" option at startup to keep track of all the command lines, so we can work with the set command in the script.For example:1.1 #!/bin/bashIsRoot () {If ["$UID"-ne 0]Return 1Elsereturn 0Fi}IsRootIf ["$?"-ne 0]Thenecho "must is root to run this script"Exit 1Elseecho "Welcome root user"#do somethingFi#首先使用sh-n test.sh check for syntax errors. If there is one, then SH test.sh executes the
The configuration of the ISDN Router is very similar to that of the general router. Next we will explain the configuration of the ISDN Router in several steps. Use The debug dialer event and debug dialer packet commands to enable The corresponding debug switch of DDR. If you can see "DCC: The interface has no dialer-group. "or" DCC: it is an uninteresting packet "prompt information.
Use the display current-configuration command to view the configurati
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