is the INAND/SD card), the runtime is running in DDR memory, independent of storage media. The above two states are stable state, the third State is the dynamic process, that is, from the stationary state to the operating state of the process, that is, the start-up process. That's the whole process.(2) The dynamic START process is to gradually move from the SD card to the DDR memory, and run the startup co
, which gives the player more space to play. Each PS move game will have its own correction method, correct the player's position in the camera, the main handle light ball color and so on.In fact, Sony in the PS3 period, by the Xbox 360 in the body sense of the impact of design, seems to have been a bit passive, the development of a separate camera and move body sense controller, but the effect is not ideal, the former and game combination of functional design is very limited, the latter support
:// Main entry point
Void main (void){// Call to real boot Function Code
Local_boot ();// Jump to entry point
Debug_printstring ("/R/njumping to entry point ");Debug_printhexint (gentrypoint );Debug_printstring ("./R/N ");Appentry = (void (*) (void) gentrypoint;/* UBL ends, gentrypoint returns the U-boot entry to appentry */(* Appentry )();}
U-boot usually exists in the 0th page of the block after device_nand_ubl_search_start_block. UBL tries to search the 0th page of each block from the device
TTL
General Purpose3.3 V
Lvttl
Push-pull
Lvcmos
Low Voltage CMOS
General Purpose
CMOS
Push-pull
PCI
PeripheralComponentInterconnect
PCI Bus
Lvttl
Push-pull
I2C
Inter integratedCircuit
NXP
CMOS
Open drain
SMBus
System ManagementBus
Intel
CMOS
Open drain
Sdio
Secure Digital InputOutput
SD card assoc,Memory card
CMOS
Push-pull
Mobile DDR
Four: The second start of the experiment (light LED, lighting program into the DDR)
The experiment was also tested by the light test, but this time it was to put the lighting program into the DDR, this experiment should pay attention to several problems:
1: The lighting section of the code into the DDR, through the #pragmaCODE_SECTION (test, "
The memory clock speed is the same as the CPU clock speed. It is used to indicate the memory speed. It represents the maximum operating frequency that the memory can achieve. The memory clock speed is measured in MHz (MHz. The higher the memory frequency, the faster the memory can reach. The memory clock speed determines the maximum operating frequency of the memory. At present, the mainstream memory frequency rooms are 333mhz and 400mhz DDR memory, a
The Dual-channel memory technology is actually a memory control and management technology that relies on the memory controller of the chipset to be able to increase the bandwidth of two equal-specification memory by one times in theory. It is not a new technology that has long been applied to servers and workstation systems, but only to the Desktop board technology front desk to address the increasingly embarrassing memory bandwidth bottlenecks in desktops. A few years ago, Intel Corporation ha
memory frequency is the same as CPU frequency, is used to represent the speed of memory, it represents the maximum operating frequency that memory can achieve. The memory frequency is measured in MHz (MHz). the higher the memory frequency is to a certain extent, the faster the memory can reach. The frequency of memory determines how often the memory can work correctly. Currently the more mainstream memory frequency rooms are 333MHz and 400MHz of DDR
Author: Tian kaiwenDate: 2011-6-6 14:59:16PS: I will summarize it for future reference. If it is reproduced, please indicate the sourceQQ: 1324343063
Recently, we have analyzed the cpu_init.s of 6410 in uboot. This is the configuration of DDR. Because DDR is an update of SDRAM, we will first look at the SDRAM. The following is a recent summary.
See:
This is 64 m (32 m + 32 m), the principle of SDRAM
1.
Yesterday we completed the mini6410 U-boot automatic identification of 128 MB and mb ddr memory. Here we record the principles.
1. Understand the principles of DDR SDRAM
First, you must understand the principles and external interfaces of ddr sdram.Here are some classic articles on the Internet:
Expert explanation: Memory working principle and development hist
2007, but did not replace DDR2 as quickly as the industry had expected, This middle also experienced to the SDRAM industry far-reaching financial crisis, not only make DDR3 occupy the market speed more slow, but also make DDR3 in the technology once walk in the world's leading memory giant dream Tatsu collapse, it is very regrettable. Nonetheless, DDR3 is now the fastest mature standard in the parallel SDRAM family, and the JEDEC standard specifies a maximum speed of DDR3 up to 1600mt/s (note t
Start. s file
StartCodeIt is very simple, mainly to do some hardware-related settings: Tell the core address of the CPU peripherals, turn off the dog, set the stack (for callsC LanguagePreparation)
. Globl _ start_start:/* hardware-related settings * // * Peri Port setup */LDR r0, = 0x70000000 Orr r0, R0, #0x13 MCR P15, 0, r0, C15, C2, 4 @ 256 m (0x70000000-0x7fffffff)/* shut down the watchdog * // * write 0 */LDR R0 to wtcon (0x7e004000), = 0x7e004000mov R1, # 0str R1, [R0]/* set the sta
, 875 P, or simplified, for example, 865 p.1 845 series chipset 82845e/82845gl/82845g/82845gv/82845ge/82845pe, except 82845gl, all support 533 MHz FSB (82845gl only supports 400 MHz FSB), supports memory, all 845 series North Bridge Support a maximum of 2 GB memory. 82845gl/82845e supports DDR 266, And the rest support DDR 333. Except 82845gl/82845gv, all of them support the AGP 4x specification.
2
3 865 se
selection signal with a low reading time of TR.
Some users use the NAND Flash startup mode to save costs in the application of network cameras. Figure 1 shows a brief flowchart from power-on to Linux Startup. First, RBL (ROM Boot Loader) reads UBL (user boot loader) from NAND and copies it to arm's memory. UBL runs in arm memory and initializes the system, for example, initializing DDR. UBL then reads the U-boot content from the NAND Flash and copies
/84 ball FBGA package three kinds of specifications. And the DDR3 must be a green package and cannot contain any harmful substances.
3. Burst Length (Bl,burst)Since the DDR3 is 8bit, the burst transmission cycle (Bl,burst Length) is also fixed to 8, whereas for DDR2 and early DDR architectures, bl=4 is also commonly used, and DDR3 adds a 4-bit Burst Chop (Burst mutation) pattern, That is, a bl=4 read operation combined with a bl=4 write operation to s
default shader compiles all renderers#pragma multi_compile names--------------------------------for multiple materialsEach fragment must contain at least one vertex program and one fragment program. So # pragma vertices and # pragma fragment directives are required.Shader Targetby default, Unity compiles shaders into approximately equal to 2.0 material models #pragma target 2.0 (default)---- Shading Model 2.0 Direct3D 9--- ----limited arithmetic and material descriptions, no vertex texture samp
DDR = double data rate double rate synchronous dynamic random memory. Strictly speaking, DDR should be called ddr sdram, which is often called DDR,
Now let's analyze the DDR initialization.
A program can be divided into code segments, data segments, and BSS segments.
Code se
1, what is the cache, what is the use ofCache is a kind of memory called cache.From Capacity: CPU From speed: CPU > Register > Cache > DDRThe cache exists because the speed difference between the register and the DDR is too high, and the speed of the DDR is far from satisfying the needs of the register (it does not meet the needs of the CPU, so no cache will pull down the overall speed of the whole system)T
let the program compile, the compiler does not optimize the program. Optimization is sometimes OK, but there are times when it is wrong to be smart. If one of your variables is variable and you don't want the compiler to help us with optimizations, add volatile to the variable definition.Add no difference, depending on the compiler. If the compiler does optimize, there is a difference; if the compiler itself does not optimize, there is no difference.In our case (compiler is ARM-2009Q3), the act
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