ghostforlinux. It's easy to copy and restore the entire disk. However, I tried for a long while, there is no way to achieve the recovery of one or several partitions.G4L, still too weak, can not meet my requirements!The Magic fdisk and DD commandsDeep distress, the epiphany: what is the principle of magical ghost? Is it data replication? The DD command under Linux is not the most powerful data replication tool!So why should I use a complex tool like
On a Linux server, when the partition planning of an existing hard disk does not meet the requirements (eg: too little space left on the root partition to continue installing a new System program), the partitions on the hard disk need to be redesigned and adjusted, and sometimes new hard disk devices need to be added to extend the storage space.
To do this requires an FDISK disk and partition management tool, and
One, DF command; DF is from the Coreutils software package, the system is installed, it comes with, we can use this command to see the disk usage and the location of the file system is mounted; Example: [Email protected] beinan]# DF-LH Filesystem capacity used% mount point available /dev/hda8 11G 6.0G 4.4G 58%/ /dev/shm 236M 0 236M 0%/dev/shm /DEV/SDA1 56G 22G 35G 39%/mnt/sda1 As we can see, the system is installed in/dev/hda8, and a 56G disk partition/dev/sda1 mounted in/mnt/sda1; Other paramet
/mydisk.iso/home/sunky/mydirNote:this Command Will/home/sunky/mydir directory of the directories and files on CD-ROM image file/home/su Nky/mydisk.iso, CD label Is:mydisk3, CD-ROM image file mounted (mount)# Mkdir/mnt/vcdromNote:create a directory used as a mount point (mount point)# Mount-o Loop-t Iso9660/home/sunky/mydisk.iso/mnt/vcdromNote:use The/mnt/vcdrom can access the disk image file Mydisk.iso in all the files.Mount removable hard disk on Linux systems, USB interface, removable hard dis
Transfer from Http://wenku.baidu.com/link?url=WZDgESO0oXqYfhPYOWFalZsMglS0HKtLw7t6ICRs_sJ_ Sfpc85rpxsqkmwqsniis0qkpgcru5ooaxkhbgl4z-ehmeejjbx58lzhlgolyuzgToday to check the school's monitoring and repair system, can not access the!!! The system is running slowly, using the top command to see the memory usage 90%, using "df-h" to View "/" Directory usage has reached 80%, causing the system to run very slowly. I expanded the root disk space in the following ways.One, close your virtual machine sys
First, we need to simulate the environment and use VMware to add a 300G (actually 200m~~ manual funny-_-) hard drive device to me.
Follow the steps step by step to add just fine. You will need to restart your virtual machine after the addition is complete to take effect.
OK, then we have the environment. I have installed a 300G (200M) hard drive for our "server", now let's mount it under/data.
The first step is to create a partition for the new disk.
[root@~]# ll/dev/sdb* #检查第二块硬盘, and part
For linux partitions, you can use the fdisk command tool and parted tool for linux partitions. for partition tables, MBR partition tables and GPT partition tables are usually used for disks with a disk size smaller than 2 TB, we can use the fdisk and parted command tools for partitioning. for MBR partition tables, the special linux system disk partition. parted for linux partitions, the
. Before inserting a mobile hard disk, use fdisk-l or more/proc/partitions to view the system's hard disk and hard disk partition.[Root at pldyrouter/] # fdisk-l
After the mobile hard disk is connected, use fdisk-l or more/proc/partitions to view the system's hard disk and hard disk partition. should I find that there is one more SCSI hard disk/dev/sdc and its tw
logical volume
Logical volume is the partition used by your operating system in LVM. To create a logical volume, you must first have a physical volume and a volume group. The following are all the commands required to create a new logical volume.
Create physical volume
We will start with a brand new hard disk without any partitions and information. First, find the disk you want to use. (/Dev/sda, sdb, etc)
Note: Remember to run all commands as root or add 'sudo' before the command '.
This is due to the improper use of your hard drive bad track (Bad Way test method: in DOS with input command scandisk/all carriage return, disk scan, if one or a number of black bottom of the red word "B" to prove that the hard drive has a bad way, the consequences of Bad way is: Light hard disk creaking, Heavy hard drives are not available at all.
How to solve?
At this time need to please out "low lattice software", generally can let the hard drive back to the dead.Low lattice software has ma
-x. 1 root root 30768 February 2012/usr/bin/passwd3.SetUID can only be valid for binary files.Let me show you a little bit. [Email protected] ~]# chmod 4755/bin/chmod[Email protected] ~]# Ls-ld/bin/chmod-rwsr-xr-x. 1 root root 48712 June 2012/bin/chmodAs above this command means let chmod this command have setuid (abbreviation suid) permission. What does that mean? This is supposed to make chmod this command available to ordinary users. Speaking of this, we should ask the chmod command itself
What is the principle of magical ghost? Is it data replication? The DD command under Linux is not the most powerful data replication tool! That being the case, why should I use a complex tool like g4l? A DD command can help me achieve any complex image replication and recovery requirements? Whether he is grub, or ext4,btrfs,fat32,ntfs...dd before the equality of all sentient beings. Enter the Linux operating system, open the command line, execute the following command: sudo
/home/sunky/mydisk.iso /mnt/vcdromNote: You can use/mnt/vcdrom to access all files in the disk image file mydisk. iso.Mount a mobile hard driveFor linux systems, mobile hard disks with USB interfaces are treated as SCSI devices. Before inserting a mobile hard disk, use fdisk-l or more/proc/partitions to view the system's hard disk and hard disk partition.[root at pldyrouter /]# fdisk -lAfter the mobile har
~] # Mount-t iso9660/dev/cdrom/mnt/cdrom/# mount the disk: block device/dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only [root @ localhost ~] # Ls/mnt/cdrom/CentOS_BuildTag Packages RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Security-6EULA RELEASE-NOTES-en-US.html RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Testing-6GPL RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6isolinux repodata TRANS. TBLimages RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Debug-6 [root @ localhost ~] # Umount/mnt/cdrom/# unmount mount point
Note: The mount point unmount command umount is in the format of umount device file
Summary of basic Linux disk management knowledge (detailed) and basic linux knowledge
I. Attaching and detaching storage devices
Common operation commands for mounting and detaching storage devices: fdisk-l, df, du, mount, and umount.
Fdisk-l command
1. Role
View partition information of all hard disks, including unmounted partitions and USB devices. You need to use this command to view the partition or USB
Automatic mounting of Linux disks is required and necessary. Otherwise, it will be too troublesome to mount the disks after each restart.1. view the disk information in the system and determine whether partitions are required.First, add a new disk to the linux host as needed,The purpose is to format the Newly Added Disk Partition and enable automatic mounting as the system starts.[Root @ localhost ~] # Fdisk-l[Here is the sda disk Information]Disk/dev
), volume group (vg), and logical volume (lv), which is a good start point for finding the current settings.
The display command will format the output information, so it is easier to understand than the s command. For each command, you will see the name and pv/vg path. It will also provide information about idle and used space.
The most important information is the PV name and VG name. With these two pieces of information, we can continue with LVM settings.
Create a logical volume
Logical volu
partition it is a reason). Below we do partition processing. 3, Partition: fdisk command: fdisk-l: Print the current disk partition table, we can see that the total amount of disk has actually increased to 4GB, but the partition has only the previous partition of the original. Type Command:fdisk/dev/sda "SDA is a hard disk that has been expanded, for a SCSI hard disk, the IDE type hard disk corresponds to
disc image file/home/sunky/mydisk.iso2. Make the files and directories into a disc image file, execute the following command.#mkisofs-R-j-v Mydisk-o/home/sunky/mydisk.iso/home/sunky/mydirNote: This command makes all directories and files in the/home/sunky/mydir directory into a disc image file/home/sunky/mydisk.iso, the disc is labeled: Mydisk3. Mounting of the disc image file (Mount)#mkdir/mnt/vcdromNote: Create a directory to use as a mount point#mount-O loop-t iso9660/home/sunky/mydisk.iso/m
mounted in/mnt/sda1;Please refer to #man DF for other parametersSecond, FdsikFDISK is a powerful disk manipulation tool from the Util-linux software package, and we'll just say how he looks at the partition table and the partition structure; parameter-l, which can get the partition of all the hard disks in the machine through the-l parameter;Code:
[Email protected] beinan]# fdisk-ldisk/dev/hda:80.0 GB, 80026361856 bytes255 heads, $ se
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