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Spatial probability assessment and analysis tools
1. Spatial probability assessment analysis descriptionHere, the space probability refers to a probability of a thing happening somewhere. If there is such a proposition:A total of May cases occurred in the City in February 200, of which 16 occurred in Residential Area A
draw the prize probability is? At the beginning of nothing to know, of course, Xiaoming drew the probability of the prize p (X = 1) = 2/5. But when it comes to knowing that the first person has won the prize, Xiao Ming's probability of winning the prize will change, P (X = 1| Y1 = 1) = 1/4. Another example is the lang
First, every "several" winning
Every "several" winning, that is, by estimating the number of lottery and prizes to judge, "a few" = (Draw number/prize number) *n. This is a simple lottery algorithm, suitable for a large number of lottery, and no connection between the situation. Today's popular microblog-forwarding awards often use this algorithm, which determines the attribution of prizes, transparently and with incentives, based on the number of forwards.
Of
thousand worry, there must be a loss." A fool is a god, and one must be. ”I. BASIC OBJECTIVESSet a ten bet nine cheat gambling size game, unequal probability to produce large and small results.1, first, this is a very simple game, considering the small part has not been exposed to the good child of yellow gambling poison, or introduction: User input 0 for the bet "small", 1 for "big", then randomly generated three 1-6 integer, if the three number equ
example
Example : There are 5 fair coins,10 unfair coins (head probability 0.8,tail chance 0.2), ask if you pull a coin, throw 6 times, 4 times is head, for this coin is the probability of fair coin.
A:fair Coin, B:4/6heads/flips
P (B|a) =p (6 flips 4 heads| fair coin) = number of combinations x probability of each combination =6c4* (0.5) 6 = 0.234375
P (a) =p
PHP_COMBINED_LCG is a random number generator that generates random numbers ranging from 0 to 1, so the above discriminant is equivalent to:
Copy Code code as follows:
Rand
That is, by default, a GC process can be invoked almost 100 times. So that's a small probability to see this notice.
To turn off this notice, you only need to set:
session.gc_probability = 0, let the s_gc completely not run the possibility can.
Of
We finish the process of PHP backstage, PHP's main work is responsible for the allocation of prizes and the corresponding probability of winning, the current page click to flip a box will want the background PHP to send Ajax request, then the backstage PHP according to the probability of configuration, through the probability algorithm to give the winning results
of the fruit is also a random variable and would be denoted by F. It can take either of the values a (for Apple) or O (for orange).We have: p (b = r) = 4/10, p (b = b) = 6/10Of course, the probability must be the number between [0,1].If we had to make a choice between red and blue, then obviously all P added up to 1, which was like eating a piece of pie.Then we might ask a lot of questions about probabilit
Database questions: Student table, Course Selection table, course schedule, course schedule
There are three basic tables in the teaching database:
Student table S (S #, SNAME, AGE, SEX). Its Attributes indicate the student's student ID, name, AGE, and gender. The course selection table SC (S #, C #, GRADE ), the attrib
If you want to use C ++ to generate a random number between 0--n-1, what would you do? You may say that it is very simple. See:
Srand (unsigned) Time (null ));Rand () % N;
Think about it, is the result random (of course, we do not consider the pseudo-randomness of the Rand () function )?
No, because the upper limit of rand () is rand_max. Generally, rand_max is not an integer multiple of n. If rand_max % = r, the
Hmm (a) hmm model of hidden Markov modelHmm (second) forward backward algorithm of hidden Markov model to evaluate the probability of observation sequenceHmm (three) Baum-Welch algorithm for hmm parameter (TODO) in hidden Markov modelHmm (four) Viterbi algorithm decoding hidden State sequence (TODO) by Hidden Markov modelIn hmm (a) hmm model of hidden Markov model, we talk about the basic knowledge of HMM and the three basic problems of Hmm, we focus
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I. Bayesian theorem:
Bayesian Theorem explains common knowledge that everyone knows in life using mathematical methods
The simplest theorem of form is often the best theorem, such as the central limit theorem. Such theorem often becomes the theoretical basis of a certain field. Machine LearningAlgorithmBayesian t
The probabilistic graphical model series is explained by Daphne Koller In the probabilistic graphical model of the Stanford open course. Https://class.coursera.org/pgm-2012-002/class/index)
Main contents include (reprinted please indicate the original source http://blog.csdn.net/yangliuy)
1. probabilistic Graph Model Representation and deformation of Bayesian Networks and Markov networks.
2. Reasoning and inference methods, including Exact Inference (
a-robberies
The aspiring Roy the robber has seen a lot of American movies, and knows the bad guys usually the gets Often because they become too greedy. He has decided to work in the lucrative business of bank robbery only for a short while, before retiring to a comfortable Job at a university.
For a few months now, Roy has been assessing the security of various banks and the amount of cash they. He wants to make a calculated risk, and grab as much as possible.
His mother, Ola, has decided up
The Monte Hall problem is a mathematical game problem derived from game theory. It is roughly from the TV game program "Let's Make a Deal ". The name of the question comes from Zhu's role as Monty.Hall ). In this game, contestants will see three closed doors, one of which is followed by a car. Then the contestant selects a door and the host opens one of the remaining two doors to reveal one goat. Afterwards, the host will ask the contestants if they want to change to another closed door. This is
course, strictly speaking, this analogy is not rigorous, but I would like to introduce a new concept with an easy-to-understand concept.Without proving the conclusion, two independent continuous random variables X1 and X2, subject to distribution probability density and distribution, then the probability density of random variable y=x1+x2 is,For the distribution
A logical question that has aroused national debate among college students across the country: Suppose you are playing a game program. Now you can choose from three doors: one door is behind a car, and the other two are behind a goat. Of course you want to get a valuable car, but you cannot see the real situation behind the door. The host asks you to make the first choice. After you select a door, you will know the host behind the other two doors and
Note : This is a task spanning several years, and the title can also be called "learning statistics from the To Do list." When I was distressed by P-values a few years ago, I didn't know what Python was, and then, after touching Python, I liked the language. Statistics as the basis of data science, want to do this work, this is always a way around the sill.In fact, from the middle school began to study statistics, the earliest write "positive" character recount (equivalent to find the majority),
Original:
http://blog.csdn.net/marvin521/article/details/11489453
04. Application Example of probability graph model
A recent article "Deformable Model Fitting by regularized Landmark Mean-shift" in the Human Face detection algorithm in the speed and precision of the compromise reached a relatively good level, This technical report will explain the working principle of the algorithm and the related matting algorithm. Before this article, first of
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