first course in probability

This article describes the PHP large turntable winning probability algorithm to achieve the method of sharing for everyone to reference. Specifically as follows: Large turntable is a lot of recent online movement of a more interesting things, let's take a look at this large turntable winning probability algorithm and examples, I hope to help you. This is an app client with a large turntable lottery algori

loj2325"Tsinghua Training 2017" Little Y and the horrible slave Lord Original title address : https://loj.ac/problem/2325 Test Instructions: "A fight?" Count me in! "to fight, count me in." "Everyone, get in here!" everybody, come here. Little Y is a oier who likes to play games. One day, she is playing a game, to play a boss. Although the boss has 10100 10 100 10^{100} Points of health, it has only one attendant-a "horrible slave owner" with only M-m points of health. This "horrible slave ow

Original writing, reproduced please indicate the source of http://www.cnblogs.com/xbinworld/archive/2013/04/25/3041505.html Today I will start learning pattern recognition and machine learning (PRML), Chapter 1.2, probability theory (I) This section describes the essence of probability theory in the entire book, highlighting an uncertainty understanding. I think it is slow. I want to take a look a

ArticleDirectory Yangche Problems Bayesian inference Yangche Problems The Monty Hall problem, also known as Monti Hall, is a famous probability problem. It originated from a video game: If you are a contestant in a game, there are three closed doors in front of you. One is behind a car, and the other two are behind goats. The host knows the situation behind the door, but you don't know. Your goal is to guess which door is b

Probability:POJ 2151There is a T-team, M-problem, give each team to make each problem probability. Find out that each team has at least one problem and the championship team has at least the probability of making n questions.Each team has at least one problem in the opposite incident is that each team to make at most 0 questions. Therefore, each pair must be asked to make 0 probabilities.The odds of a champ

Problem descriptionThere are m balls to throw into N boxes. Each of these balls is thrown independently of each other. Q. How many boxes are there in the end with balls on average?Problem resolutionThis kind of problem is a more pure mathematical problem, of course, can also use the computer to accurately find the answer.Scenario One: Programming Solutions P (M, i): The probability that the first m

today to see an interesting topic, heard is "The beauty of programming" in a problem, instantly feel that they are a lot behind. Take out today and share my insights on this topic! The original problem: a bucket with 100 black balls, 100 white balls. Take the ball in the bucket in the following order:1. Take out 2 balls at a time;2. If the same color ball is put back a black ball;3. If the ball is a different color, put back a white ball.I was very excited to see the brain at first sight, isn't

It is simple to ask for the problem of state transfer equation; Dp[i][j][k] means walk I step to J position the rightmost position is k so it's easy to know k>=j; S: probability l go left probability R go right if k==j; Dp[i][j][k]=dp[i-1][j][k]*s+dp[i-1][j-1][k-1]*r+dp[i-1][j-1][k]*r; if k!=j; Dp[i][j][k]=dp[i-1][j][k]*s+dp[i-1][j-1][k]*r+sp[i-1][j+1][k]*r; If the N value reaches 1000 and dp[1001][2001][20

10759-dice throwing Time limit:3.000 seconds Http://uva.onlinejudge.org/index.php?option=com_onlinejudgeItemid=8category=24page=show_problem problem=1700 N Common cubic dice are thrown. What is the probability this sum of all thrown dice are at least x? Input The input file contains several test cases. Each test case consists two integers n (1 Output For each line of input produce one line of output giving the requested

Cut the cake Time Limit: 2000/1000 MS (Java/others) memory limit: 32768/32768 K (Java/Others)Total submission (s): 885 accepted submission (s): 432 Problem descriptionmmm got a big cake, and invited all her m friends to eat the cake together. surprisingly one of her friends Hz took some (n) strawberries which Mmm likes very much to decorate the cake (of course they also eat strawberries, not just for decoration ). hz is in charge of the decoration, a

A simple primer: Click the Open linkSummary of the Great God: Click to open the link zerolockMy topic: Click the Open linkThe problem of probability has been done in the previous period.First, the expectationThe problem of solving expectations is not understood at first. I did a lot of things later.Example: (have put back)In 5 products have 4 pieces of genuine, 1 pieces of defective, from any 2 pieces, which contain the number of genuine numbers for t

The problem originated from Question 10 in programming Pearl column 12, which is described as follows: How cocould you select one of N objects at random, where you see the objects sequentially but you do not know the value of N beforehand? For concreteness, how wocould you read a text file, and select and print one random line, when you don't know the number of lines in advance? The problem definition can be simplified as follows: How to randomly extract a row from a file without knowing the

Question link: http://www.topcoder.com/stat? C = problem_statement PM = 10335. General meaning of the question: Take the number of m in the middle of the interval [lower, upper] so that the number of K smaller values in the number of M is the probability of N. Solution 1: (powerful DP) written by referring to others' problem-solving reports DP [m] [s] [B]Take the number of M, the maximum number of s smaller than N, the

certainly be an error, so I switched to long double, but it was still wrong. I still didn't make it at last. Then I found that the problem can be solved by logarithm. This high school book was read in white .... take the probability of mp [I] [j] and pp [I] [j] As the logarithm log (mp [I] [j]), log (pp [I] [j]), so that the multiplication of the state transition equation can be written as addition. Dp [I] [j] = max (dp [I] [j], dp [I-1] [k] + mp [k]

[Probability] m balls are thrown into n boxes, and n balls are placed in m boxes.Problem description There are m balls, which should be thrown into n boxes. Each ball is independent of each other. Q: How many boxes have balls on average?Problem Analysis This type of question is purely a mathematical question. Of course, you can use a computer to find the answer accurately.Solution 1: Programming P (m, I):

1. Input contains two integers m and N, where mconsider the integer 0,1,2,..., n-1 in turn, and select each integer with an appropriate random test. By sequentially accessing integers, the output is guaranteed to be orderly. If m=2 and n=5, then the probability of each number chosen should be 2/5. Analysis process: In the 0,1,2,3,4 five numbersFirst encounter 0 o'clock, its choice probability should be 2/5

Suppose you have a text file with several rows in the file. Requires a random row to be returned. The selected probabilities are the same for each row. Two cases: 1, if the file is large, can not be fully put into memory 2, if the file flow Large file features are not loaded into memory random read, file flow is characterized by only one read. pseudocode i = 1 chosen_line = "" While lines has next: # Random Returns a uniform random number in [0,1) if Random () similar to the rand

PHP winning probability algorithm, can be used for scraping cards, large turntable, such as lottery algorithm. The usage is very simple, the code has the detailed annotation explanation, at a glance can understand --> $proCur) {$randNum = Mt_rand (1, $proSum); if ($randNum

In the previous section, we introduced the probability calculation of hidden Markov, and in this section, we introduce the problem of hidden Markov learning. Before we introduce the learning problem, let's use Python to implement several important concepts. Note that the following code is based on the original formula in the Hangyuan Li Statistical learning method. The formula here does not take the logarithm. So if you generate more than 300 of the

Label: How does a style use the SP on BS as application? Basic knowledge description: Joint probability: Definition: refers to the probability that multiple random variables in a probability distribution satisfy their respective conditions at the same time. For example, if both X and Y are normal distributions, P {x Conditional