first course in probability

http://acm.hdu.edu.cn/showproblem.php?pid=4649Problem Descriptiontimer took the probability and mathematical Statistics course in the of the, but he bad attendance anger Ed Professor Tian who was in charge of the course. Therefore, Professor Tian decided to let Timer face a hard probability problem, and announced that

What is transfer probability matrix? Transfer probability matrix: each element in the matrix is non-negative, and the sum of elements in each row is equal to 1. Each element is represented by probability. Under certain conditions, it is transferred to each other. Therefore, it is called the transfer probability matrix.

Website activities sometimes involve activities and activities to attract users to register and improve the user activity of the website. At the same time, participating users will receive certain prizes, including 100% of the prize winners and a certain probability. Website activities sometimes involve activities and activities to attract users to register and improve the user activity of the website. At the same time, participating users will receiv

Sometimes, you can get an activity or something to get users to participate in the project. This not only attracts users to register, but also improves the user activity of the website. At the same time, the participating users will receive certain prizes, including 100% of the prize winners, and those who win at a certain probability, such as the medium ipad and the small medium qcoin. Then we will inevitably design algorithms in the program, that is

of the attack is 2^ (i-1), A to choose N ball attack, each time randomly select an attack, select the ball can no longer use, attack with 1/2 probability attack to oneself, there is 1/2 probability , in the course of the game, once the blood amount of B is less than a, then a wins, after the election of N ball A or not win B wins, now the

Because a project requires proportional random allocation. I can search in Baidu: calculate the probability by percentage. The results are all messy code. I found a seemingly usable one. After a rough look, it seemed quite complicated. I analyzed the code carefully and found a very serious Bug. So I wrote one myself and shared it with you. Because a project requires proportional random allocation. I can search in Baidu: calculate the

extra probability of not getting it.DescriptionICPC (International Cardboard producing company) are in the business of producing Cardboard boxes. Recently the company organized a contest for kids for the best design of a cardboard box and selectedMWinners. There isNPrizes for the winners, each one carefully packed in a cardboard box (made by the ICPC, of course). The awarding process would be as follows:

01 Brief Introduction The probability graph model is the product of the combination of graph theory and probability theory. It was created by Judea Pearl, a famous one. I like the probability graph model tool very much, it is a powerful multi-variable and visualized modeling tool for variable relations, mainly including two major directions: undirected graph mode

Actually send this blog feeling is not what to use, too simple, will people disdain to see, will not be a person's own brain also thought of. But look at their own blog has been so long no more, really distressed ~. A rough calculation of only the code of hydrology, will occupy the OSC at least more than 10 KB of database space, but, the thought of Luantan in the egg, also relieved. This is a very classical probability algorithm function:

Test instructions: give n boxes. There are locks on every box. A key can only be opened with a lock, a lock has only one key. Of course, for some boxes that can't be opened with keys, we have to open them violently. Given the number of keys in each box and the specific ability to open that box, ask for the number of violent open boxes, so that all the boxes are opened. Idea: Very much like the xiaodaobc of a certain way open the box problem. But becau