can be adjusted by the following functions:
Deposit (Bytes Validation_code, bytes32 Randao, address withdrawal_address): Margin (bytes validation_code,bytes32 Randao, Address withdrawal_address)
Accept a certain amount of the etheric currency as a margin, the sender specifies a verification code (essentially the EVM bytecode, the main function of the code is used as a public key, so that subsequent other nodes to verify the block data signed by them and related
: Address: Service Name: Validity period: timestamp}When you want to request a service, the client program generates an ' authenticator '. The authenticator contains your name and the address of your workstation. The client encrypts this information with a password that you get when you request a ticket.Authenticator-{user name: address} encrypted with password.After the
authenticator-provide evidence to prove Validity
Through the above process, the client actually obtains two sets of information: one is the session key encrypted by the master key of the server, and the other is the data packet encrypted by the master key of the server, contains the session key and some confirmation information about yourself. Through section 1, we said that only a key known to both parties can be used to authenticate the other par
him and the authenticator. The packet encrypted by this key needs to be transferred between the client and the server, so this key cannot be a long-term key, but it may be short-term key. This can only work in a session of the client and server, so we call this key the session key between the client and server (sserver-client).Now let's talk about how the Client and server get this sserver-client. Here we are going to introduce an important role:Kerb
, Access reject (Access-reject), code=3, billing request (Accounting-request), Code=4 and so on.(2) Identifier: A byte that is used to match the request and reply packets.(3) Length: Two bytes representing the length of the RADIUS data area (including code, Identifier, Length, Authenticator, Attributes) in bytes, minimum 20, and maximum 4096.(4) authenticator:16 bytes, used to verify the server-side respons
mainly divided into two types: either requiring users to provide a combination of user names and passwords, or providing a set of private keys pointing to the public keys on the server for authentication. By default, most Amazon EC2 instances use the following method for user authentication: when you start your EC2 instance for the first time, the system will require you to assign a key pair to it as an optional project. In addition to the user name, AWS also assigns a PEM file to the key pair
service then creates a TGT that includes the user information and the logon session key. Finally, the authentication service encrypts the TGT with its own key and passes the encrypted session key and the encrypted TGT to the client.
Client from TGT Request server Access . The client decrypts the logon session key with its long-term key (that is, the password) and caches it locally. In addition, the client stores the encrypted TGT in its cache. When accessing a network service, the client sends
proxy and server authentication.How to use the Authenticator classAuthenticator is an abstract class which was extended by applications and once installed, was invoked to obtain usernames an D passwords for authentication interactions.Extending Java.net.AuthenticatorApplication code must override the getPasswordAuthentication() method. Note, the method is isn't abstract, and the default implementation does nothing. The following is a minimal example:
Blockchain Enthusiast (qq:53016353)
Betting consensus
Casper introduced a fundamentally new concept to the open economic consensus as its foundation: betting consensus. The core idea of a betting consensus is simple: provide the validator with an opportunity to bet which block will be finalized for the verification person. The betting on a block x here is a deal, in all chunks of the world where X is processed, the reward is given to the authenticator
Identifier Length
Authenticator (128 bits)
Attributes... (Not long)
· The length of the Code field is 8 bits. The specific values are shown in table 2. Among them, 1, 2, 3 are used for user authentication, while 4 and 5 are used for traffic statistics, 12 and 13 are used for the test phase, and 255 are reserved.
Code Description
1 Access-Request
2 Access-Accept
3 Access-Reject
4 Accounting-Request
5 5Accounting-Response
11 Access-Chall
, the RADIUS server may have three reactions to the new "Access-request": "Access-accept", "Access-reject", or "Access-Challenge ".
If all the requirements are valid, radius returns an "Access-accept" response, including the service type (slip, PPP, login user, etc.) and its ancillary information. For example, for slip and PPP, The response includes IP addresses, subnet masks, MTU, and packet filtering information.
Data Packet Structure
The radius packet is encapsulated in the data field of the
Background: Two-factor authentication (abbreviated as: 2FA, hereinafter referred to as 2FA), where it is the second re-authentication of SSH. 2FA refers to a method of authenticating a user with both a password and a biometric symbol such as a credit card, SMS phone, token, or fingerprint. Through two different authentication procedures, can reduce the risk of password leakage, greatly improve the security of Linux system!First, pre-configuration preparation 1, to prepare a running OpenSSH serv
connections for which packets.
Access-list 101 permit ip host 192.168.0.1 host
192.168.1.1
(2) Cancel automatic VPN negotiation
Method
No crypto isakmp enable
(3) Establish an IPSec Encapsulation
Method-On both sides
VroThe same name is required. In the example, encry-des
Crypto ipsec transform-set encry-desesp-des
(4) Various conditions required for establishing a VPN connection-ipsec-manual
Method
Crypto map vpntest 8 ipsec-manual
(5) Use crypto map in the previous step to enter the
As you know, SSH defaults to authentication by default, even if you use an SSH key instead of a password. As a single factor in the way of authentication, once the key leaks, the same will also compromise the security of the server.
To address this issue, we will show you how to enable SSH multi-authentication for Ubuntu Server (mfa,multi-factor authentication). When enabled, you need to verify that you have a different authentication factor for your computer or mobile phone when you log on to
give the account and password, and of course the server name. The session object in the mail service is equivalent to the Connection object when the database is connected.
MimeMessage: Represents a message class, which is a subclass of messages. It contains the subject (title) of the message, the content, the recipient address, the sender's address, and you can also set up a copy-and-drop, or even an attachment.
Transport: Used to send mail. It is the transmitter. Hello world of 4.3 javamail
Wh
() setting;
2. SecurityManager is responsible for the real authentication logic; It will delegate authentication to authenticator;
3, authenticator is the real authenticator, Shiro API in the core authentication entry point, where you can customize to insert their own implementation;
4, authenticator may entrust to th
look at what happens inside Shiro when a verification occurs.
We still use the architecture diagram we have seen in the architecture section. Only Authentication-related components on the left are highlighted. Each number represents one step in authentication:
Step 2:The program code calls the subject. login method to pass the user's identity and proof to the constructor of the authenticationtoken instance.
Step 2:A subject instance, usually a delegatingsubject (or its subclass), transfers t
Javax.mail.BodyPart;Import Javax.mail.Message;Import javax.mail.MessagingException;Import Javax.mail.Multipart;Import javax.mail.Session;Import Javax.mail.Transport;Import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;Import Javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;Import Javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;Import Javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart; /*** Send mail to multiple recipients, CC mail*/public class Multimailsender { /*** Send mail in text format* @param mailinfo messages to be sent*/public boolean sendtext
activation and spam sending. JavaMail can be used.
The general process of JAVA mail sending is as follows:
1. Construct a specific class that inherits from javax. mail. Authenticator and override the getPasswordAuthentication () method. This type is used for login verification to ensure that you have the right to send emails to this mailbox.
2. Construct a properties file that stores SMTP server addresses and other parameters.
3. Create a jav
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