* in2, dout_t * outA, dout_t * outB) {* outA = * in1> 1; * outB = * in2> 2 ;} void hier_func4 (din_t A, din_t B, dout_t * C, dout_t * D) {dint_t apb, amb; sumsub_func ( A, B, apb, amb ); # ifndef _ SYNTHESIS _ // you can use a macro to process code that can be integrated or cannot be integrated, but it is It works !! FILE * fp1; // The following code is ignored for synthesis char filename [0, 255]; spri
forming a hardware system.
On-Chip Bus standard advanced microcontroller bus structure AMBA defines communication standards for high-performance embedded microcontroller. Three bus groups are defined: AHB (AMBA High Performance Bus), ASB (AMBA System Bus), and APB (AMBA Peripheral Bus ). AHB Bus is used for high-performance, high-clock operating frequency modules. AHB provides interfaces for high-performance processors, on-chip memory, and off-chip m
I. Clock
1. Three different clock sources can be used to drive the system clock (sysclk ):
. HSI oscillator clock high speed internal
. HSE oscillator clock high speed external
. PLL Clock Phase Locked Loop
2. These devices have two secondary clock sources:
. 32 Khz low speed internal RC [1], can be used to drive independent watchdog and RTC. RTC is used to automatically wake up the system from the stopped/standby mode.
. 32.768 kHz low-speed external crystals can also be used to drive RTC (rtcc
I. Introduction to DMA
As a technology used to transmit data between CPUs and peripherals, DMA is widely used in various computer architectures. Its biggest advantage is that it can transmit data from memory to peripherals without CPU interference. This article describes how to operate the DMA controller in s5pc100. ExamplesCodeAll are verified on the fs_s5pc100 platform. On the far-sighted fs_s5pc100 platform of Huaqing, The pl330 DMA controller enables multiple DMA transmission modes, includi
Title See Hdu 5476
The Isosceles abc,ab=ac,m is given as the midpoint of BC. The P-point is the maximum point within the triangle that makes MIN{∠MPB+∠APC,∠MPC+∠APB}. Ask for P point trajectory.It is easy to find the P points on the centerline am satisfied so that ∠MPB=∠MPC,∠APC=∠APB, then ∠mpb+∠apc=∠mpc+∠apb=180°So the trajectory contains midline am.And all sati
to this question is exactly where different SOC systems are located. When the CPU architecture is opened, another difference lies in the bus. The bus of niosii is named aveon bus, arm is AMBA bus, and arm's AMBA is divided into two parts: AHB and APB.
We can see from the above that AHB is mainly in charge of the memory part, and APB is in charge of the hardware Week, which is re-used by the two buses, it
1. Bus system structureThe system consists of a matrix consisting of multiple interconnected 32-bit AHB buses
8 Main bus
–CORTEX-M4 with FPU core I-bus, D-bus and S-bus –dma1 memory bus –dma2 memory bus –dma2 Peripheral bus
–ethernet DMA bus – USB OTG HS DMA Bus
7 from the bus:
–internal Flash memory ICode bus –internal Flash memory DCode bus –main Internal SRAM1 (in. KB) –auxili ary internal SRAM2 (KB) –AHB1 peripherals inc
17.dma-2440First, in the previous instance, add the Dma.c file under the Dev folder and add it to the directory's makefile:So the framework is good, then open the DMA.C to achieve:First open the 2440 chip manual:We want to operate the serial port 0, corresponding to the channel 0:The corresponding source registers:The corresponding control registers:The register has only two bits:You can see that the [1] bit of the DMA control register is absolute AHB or an
ports, each of which can operate in interrupt mode or DMA mode, in other words, the UART can generate interrupts or DMA requests for data transfer between the CPU and the UART. UART serial port hangs on the APB bus, the APB bus can reach up to 50MHz operating frequency, can achieve the highest 115.2Kbps baud rate communication speed when using the APB clock freq
filter switches into the corresponding PLL circuit to multiply the high frequency clock. The high frequency clock is then divided into the internal modules of the chip. (some modules, such as the inside of the serial port and further frequency divider for re-use)3, PLL:APLL, MPLL, EPLL, VPLLApll:cortex-a8 kernel Msys DomainMpllepll:dsys PSYSVpll:video Video related modules4, s5pv210 clock domain detailed1.6.3.1, Msys domain:ARMCLK: The clock that works for the CPU core, the so-called frequency.
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Problem DescriptionIn Geometry, the problem of track is very interesting. Because in some cases, and the track of point is beautiful curve. For example, with polar coordinate system,ρ=cos3θis like rose,ρ=1−sinθis a cardioid, and so on. Today, there is a simple problem on it which you need to solve.Give a triangleδabc Andab = AC. M is the midpoint of BC. Point P is INΔABC and makes MIN{∠MPB+∠APC,∠MPC+∠APB} maximum. The track of P isγ. Wouldyou Mind Cal
Article 1Article, Explains the basics of SOC design!
Address: http://blog.163.com/gene_lu/blog/static/64025421201111872144184/
We skip all the descriptions of arm and directly go to the questions most concerned by engineers.To design an ARM-based SOC, we must first understand an ARM-based SoC structure. Figure 1 shows a typical SOC structure:Figure 1From figure 1, we can understand the basic structure of the SOC:
ARM core: arm966e
AMBA Bus: AHB +
) to indicate when the entity was created. The APB provides a number of useful interfaces to implement these similar functions. That is, for these entities that implement these interfaces, a common encoding is provided (in layman's words, the specified functionality can be implemented as long as the specified interface is implemented).(1) Audit (Auditing)An entity class implements the Ihascreationtime interface to have creationtime properties. When th
The default operating frequency of the S3C2440 CPU is 12 MHz or 16.9344 MHz. The maximum operating frequency is 12 Mb. The use of the PLL circuit can generate a higher clock speed for the CPU and peripheral devices.
The S3C2440 has two PLL: mpll and upll, which are dedicated to upll and USB devices. Mpll is used for CPU and other peripheral devices.
Mpll generates three clock frequencies: fclk, hclk, and Plck. Fclk is used for CPU cores, hclk is used for AHB Bus devices (such as SDRAM), and pclk
Screen Interface· I2C bus interface· 12 s bus interface· Two USB host interfaces· A usb device interface· Two SPI Interfaces· SD Interface· MMC Card InterfaceS3C2410A integrates an RTC with calendar functions and a chip clock generator with PLL (mpll and upll. Mpll generates the master clock, enabling the processor to operate at a maximum frequency of 203 MHz. This operation frequency allows the processor to easily run wince, Linux and other operating systems and perform more complex informatio
This series of articles by muge0913 finishing, reprint please note the Source: http://blog.csdn.net/muge0913/article/details/7358731
Chip Architecture
The application processor chip of the 16/32-bit CPU is the-bit CPU used by Samsung. Samsung has released both the-bit CPU and-bit memory, which are based on the arm11 architecture and are compatible with hardware pins, it should be said that the general functions are basically the same. The obvious difference is that has 2D/3D hardware accelera
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