Under Linux, the assembly language uses the/T syntax, which can be used with the GNU tool, including assembler gas, connector ld, compiler gcc, debugger gdb or kdbg,objdump disassembly function, and a profile gprof. A simple example of the use of each tool in assembly language development is described in brief.These tools are to be used in the Linux environment, first set up a Linux development environment,
GNU Assembler (gas)
The GNU assembler (known as gas) is the most popular assembler in the UNIX environment.
Unlike most other development packages, the GNU assembler is not published in a separate package. It is bundled with othe
1. Development Tools
In assembly languages, the tools used mainly use the following:
Assembler, connector, debugger, Compiler
Because I am here using ATT assembly language, the tools are also under gnu.
1.1 assembler ()
There are many assembler tools, such as masm, nasm, and gas. Unlike advanced languages, although th
Select compiler
Nasm. Fasm Yasm. or MASM, gas or something.
The first three are free, open-source compilation compilers that use Intel's syntax in general. Yasm was developed on the basis of NASM, with NASM ancestry. Because the same syntax is used, the NASM code can be compiled directly with Yasm.
Yasm Although the update is slow, but the nasm some unreasonable places to improve. From this point of view, Yasm is better than NASM, and the NASM updat
Permeability: when the pressure is poor, the nature of the rock that allows the passage of liquid and gas is called the permeability of the rock, and the permeability is the number of permeability of the rock. It represents the ability of oil and gas to flow to the bottom of the well through the formation rock, measured in square meters (or square micron ).
Absolute permeability: absolute or physical permea
. Second, ffmpeg the latest version of the library compilationFFmpeg the latest version should be 2.1, the history version is detailed in http://www.ffmpeg.org/releases/, on this site we can go down to all the historical version of the library. FFmpeg is a cross-platform in C language library, including encoding, decoding, color space conversion Library. Compiling requires a command line, which is a challenge for those of us who don't have a background or Linux development script knowledge. For
Some development application commands for Linux (Standard gun assembler)The As command is the standard GNU assembler program. As command to read and assemble the specified file (this file ends with. s) If you do not specify a file, the As command reads and assembles the standard input, and by default, he stores its output in a file with an. o extension, and runs the as command to install the Binutils packag
. "Yellow Emperor Internal Sutra" put forward, call, laugh, Song, Cry, groan for five, respectively corresponding to the liver, heart, spleen, lungs, kidney this five zang, listen to five voices, you can probably understand the situation of five zang, can say five is the window of organ health.Angry love shout irascibility Wang. Liver, in the Chi for anger, in the voice for the call. If a person is always angry, but also yelling, may be the liver out of the problem, is generally irascibility too
1. pdf version: http://www.deetc.isel.ipl.pt/programacao/psc/Docs/gnu-assembler.pdf2. Introduction of gas in X86 architecture: http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/X86_Assembly/GAS_Syntax3, gas official online documentation: http://sourceware.org/binutils/docs/as/4. Gas wiki Web page: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Assembler
Note that in Linux's GNU assembly, there is
]) # is an automatic target variable,$(CD Kernel/math; make) execute make command in sub-directoryKernel compilation process: boot/in the Bootsect.s, SETUP.S use 8086 assembler to compile, respectively, to generate their own execution module. All other programs in the source code are compiled with the GNU compiler Gcc/gas and connected to the module system. Then use the build tool to combine the three block
interrupt.(2) The code here is related to the preloading cache. The memory content that will be manipulated before the Strex instruction is loaded into the cache can significantly improve performance.(3) for completeness, I repeat the syntax for compiling embedded C code: The syntax format for the embedded assembly is ASM (code:output operand list:input operand list:clobber list). The output operand list and input operand list are the interfaces of the C code and the embedded assembly code, and
extensions are likely to make other debuggers crash or refuse to read the program, and may cause assemblers other than the GNU assembler-to-fail with an error. generate debug information in XCOFF format (if supported), and will use only the GNU debugger (GDB) to understandGNU extension. The use of these extensions may cause other debuggers to crash or refuse to read compiled executable programs, and may result in the addition of the GNU
There are five existing dilute nitric acid production methods: Atmospheric Pressure Method and medium pressure method (0.25 ~ 50MPa), high pressure method (0.7 ~ 2MPa), synthesis method (oxidation is atmospheric pressure, absorption is pressurized) and double addition pressure (oxidation is medium pressure, absorption is high pressure ). normal Pressure Oxidation and absorption are both carried out under normal pressure, and the Investment and power consumption of equipment are relatively low, b
Steps and methods of exercise
(1) skillful routines and clear posture
The so-called "routine" refers to the entire architecture of Taijiquan. The so-called "posture" refers to the action structure of each type. At the beginning of the school, the primary focus is on the routine proficiency, and the orientation is correct. Pay attention to the posture specification. After a period of practice, the routine has been skilled. At this time, you must focus on the correct posture so that you can genera
4.3.4.
Install the compilation tool:
Apt-get install build-essential
Install the software package:
Apt-get install bin86
2. Modify the Makefile file
In the Linux 0.11 kernel source code, each subdirectory contains a Makefile. You need to modify each Makefile as follows:
A) replace gas with as and gld with ld. Now, gas and gld have been directly renamed as and ld;
B) Remove the as-c option;
C) Remove
are: in the kernel "pure" assembly code, GNU uses syntax different from the usual 386 assembly language, and in snippets of C programs, there are additional language components that instruct the assembler how to allocate the registers and how to combine the variables defined in the C program. These components make the assembly-language fragment embedded in the C program actually become a kind of intermediate language between the 386 assembly and C.
T
program or fragments will be difficult, and some may even be deterred. The reasons are: in the kernel "pure" assembly code, GNU uses syntax different from the usual 386 assembly language, and in snippets of C programs, there are additional language components that instruct the assembler how to allocate the registers and how to combine the variables defined in the C program. These components make the assembly-language fragment embedded in the C progra
I. In the gas refining stage and breathing techniques, the first thing to do is to temper the air, and the second is to train the muscles and joints to develop toughness. If you only pursue the boxing form without combining the practice of refining the gas, I am afraid there will be no success in the future. It will have little effect on removing illness and extending the life of the year, and the boxing sk
generated for the previous step is responsible for compiling the Test.s,gas assembler as the target file, as follows:Gcc-c Test.s-o TEST.O4. LinksThe GCC connector is provided by gas and is responsible for connecting the program's target file with all the additional target files needed to eventually generate the executable file. Additional target files include a
Tags: operation xxxx target TMP convenient format Wal arch run## If you want the Ram-disk device, define the# Size in blocks.# If you want to use RAM to define the size of the block (commented out), this is a compile-time parameter, if defined below will be used. RAMDISK=#-dramdisk=512AS86=as86-0-a #8006汇编的编译器和连接器. The following parameters are:LD86=ld86-0 # 0 generates 8086 target programs,-a generates code that is partially compatible with gas and GL
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