how to read traceroute

By traceroute we can know what path the information from your computer to the other end of the Internet host is walking. Of course, each time a packet arrives at a similar destination (destination) by a similar starting point (source), the path may be different, but basically the route is the same.Traceroute measures how long it takes to send a small packet to the destination device until it returns. Each device on a path is measured 3 times

The premise of all the commands in this article is: You can surf the internet now.People with a little computer knowledge know that the ping command is used to check whether their host is connected to the destination address, the communication packet communication rate of their host and destination address, the so-called communication packet, which is what TCP/IP,UDP package, here is a bit more popular, for example, Take this it website csdn to test, then get the following effect:But the route t

Port is)-P prot--protocol=prot use raw Packet of protocol prot for Tracerou Ting--mtu Discover MTU along the path being traced. Implies '-f-n 1 '--back Guess the number of hops in the backward path and print if it differs-v--version print version info and exit--help Read this Help and exitCommon Command DisplayMulti-Command useTraceroute-n-M 5-q 4-w 3 www.baidu.com Description:-n Display IP address, do not check host nam

Application of ICMP--tracerouteTraceroute is an important tool to detect the routing between host and destination hosts, and is also the most convenient tool. As mentioned earlier, although the Ping tool can also detect, however, because of the IP header limit, ping can not be fully recorded under the router. So the traceroute just fills this flaw.The principle of traceroute is very very interesting, it rec

1. traceroute can be used to query routes from one host to another. 2. Principles PingProgramA record routing option is provided, but not all hosts support this option, and the IP header option field can only store up to nine IP addresses. Therefore, it is necessary to develop traceroute.Traceroute uses the TTL fields of the ICMP message and IP header. TTL is an 8-bit field, which is the router's hop counter and also indicates the datagram lifecyc

returns an ICMP inaccessibility packet, and sets the combination of the type and code in the packet to port inaccessibility. The Traceroute program generates ICMP error packets by using port unavailability. In addition, in most cases, an ICMP error message is generated when an error occurs when an IP datagram is transmitted, but the following situations do not cause an ICMP error message: * ICMP error messages do not generate error messages (ICMP que

The previous two articles "Linux Common Network Tools: Fping host Scan" and "Linux common Network Tools: hping Advanced Host Scan" are all about the host scan, this article introduces the common route scanning tools traceroute and MTR.A route scan is primarily a query for the number of hops and data delays that are routed to another host.Traceroute Basic Use The principle of the route scanning tool is the time to live (TTL) to achieve. Each time

.tracerouteTraceroute also uses the ICMP protocol, which uses ICMP for more time than error-Error reporting and ICMP endpoint unreachable messages. For the ICMP protocol, the principle is:Important options for traceroute are:[Plain]View PlainCopy -u--uses the UDP protocol to detect, which is the default detection protocol. -i--uses the ICMP protocol to detect -t--uses the TCP protocol to detect Examples of use are:[Plain]View Pla

length)PTR is called a pointer field. He is a pointer based on 1, he points to the location of the next IP address, his minimum value is 4, point to the location of the first IP address, with each IP address into the list, PRT values are 8, 12 Max to 36. When 9 IP addresses are recorded, the value of PTR is 40, indicating that the manifest is full.Traceroute ProgramThe Traceroute program allows us to see the routes that the IP datagram passes from th

Ping programThe ping program was written by Mike Muuss to test whether another host is available.The program sends an ICMP echo request message to the main clause and waits for an ICMP echo reply to be returned.The ping program can also detect the return time of this hostTraceroute ProgramThe Traceroute program is a handy tool to explore the TCP/IP protocol in more depthThe Traceroute program allows us to s

Principles of Ping and Traceroute (5) (Reference) TCP/IP explanation, Volume 1: Protocol The name "ping" comes from the sonar positioning operation. The purpose is to test whether another host can arrive. The program sends an ICMP echo request packet to the host, and waits for the returned ICMP echo response. Generally, if you cannot ping a host, you cannot Telnet or FTP to the host. In turn, if you cannot Telnet to a host, you can usually use the pi

=name use specified module (either builtin or external)For traceroute operations. Most methods hasTheir shortcuts ('-I ' means '-m ICMP ' etc.)-O OPTS,...--options=opts,...Use module-specific option OPTS for theTraceroute module. Several OPTS Allowed,separated by comma. If OPTS is ' help ', print infoAbout available options--sport=num use source port num for outgoing packets. implies'-N 1 '-U--udp use UDP-particular port for tracerouting(instead of in

traceroute the principle of:1.traceroute host to be Trace Host Send UDP The destination port is a port with a large number (for example, 33434 Port)2. First package ttl= 1 Span style= "Font-family:simsun;" lang= "ZH-CN" xml:lang= "ZH-CN", dport=33434 ; future packet ttl 1 3. How to determine that you have reached your destination,general destinations are not UDP 33434 this large port to open wha

tcp-m tcp--dport 22-j DROP-A output-m conntrack--ctstate new-j ACCEPTCOMMIT# completed on Fri Dec 19 17:01:18 2014It has been noted that:-A input-j DROP--------------------------------------->ping is output;traceroute when each routing node returns the packet;The rule-a output-m conntrack--ctstate new-j Accept is the TCP protocol by default, whereas the Ping/traceroute uses the ICMP protocol;-A input-p tcp

Command name: PingFunction: Test network connectivityCommand path:/bin/pingUsage: ping [-c] IP addressParameters:-C specify number of times to sendCommand name: ifconfigFunction: View and set network card information (temporary settings)Command path:/sbin/ifconfigUsage: ifconfig [NIC name] [IP Address]Example:Ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.1Command name: tracerouteFunction: Displays the path between the packet and the target host and the time consumed by each nodeCommand path:/bin/tracerouteUsage:

(IP(dst=,ttl=)/TCP(dport=(,),flags=*.*^ packets, got answers, remaining Iii. TCP traceroute Traceroute: used to track the path from the starting point to the destination. With Traceroute, we can know the path of information from your computer to the host on the other end of the Internet. Of course, the path for each packet to arrive at the same destination from

the original IP header and data portion that caused the ICMP error message to be generated (such as UDP or TCP for the transport layer, which contains the port number). Here the original IP header of the Protocol field and the first 8 bytes of the port number, you can determine which protocol and which user process.In addition to the ICMP error message above, the ICMP error message is no longer generated, the general purpose address is the broadcast datagram will no longer produce ICMP error me

The Traceroute tool is used to track the transmission path of datagrams: When a datagram travels from one computer to another, it passes through multiple gateways, and the traceroute command can find all the routers on the datagram transmission path. The transmission path traced through the Traceroute tool is just one of the many pathways between the two computer

Objective: To learn the usage of Linux command Ping,tracerouteUsage of 1:ping:Mans PingPing: Determine if a host is respondinglinux-8o9i:~ #Ping-C4 119.29.29.29PING119.29.29.29(119.29.29.29) About( -) bytes of data. -Bytes from119.29.29.29: icmp_seq=1Ttl=Wuyi Time=101Ms -Bytes from119.29.29.29: icmp_seq=2Ttl=Wuyi Time=75.0Ms -Bytes from119.29.29.29: icmp_seq=3Ttl=Wuyi Time=74.4Ms -Bytes from119.29.29.29: icmp_seq=4Ttl=Wuyi Time=74.2Ms---119.29.29.29 PingStatistics---4Packets Transmitted,4Rec